The relationship between social isolation, depressive symptoms and cognitive function in older adults: a longitudinal mediation study in China.

Purpose: Both social isolation and cognitive impairment are important public health issues that affect the quality of life of older adults. Our study aims to clarify the direction of their relationship and to illustrate the mediating role played by depressive symptoms.

Methods: Data from 5399 respondents who participated in three longitudinal surveys in the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey (CHARLS) were analyzed.

YOLOv7-CWFD for real time detection of bolt defects on transmission lines.

Detecting bolt defects on transmission lines is crucial for ensuring the safe operation of the electrical power system. However, existing methods for detecting bolt defects on transmission lines require higher detection accuracy and smaller model sizes. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a real-time bolt defect detection model based on YOLOv7, named YOLOv7-CWFD.

Trajectories of cognitive function and frailty in older adults in China: a longitudinal study.

Background: Cognitive impairment and frailty are common issues in older adults. Understanding the co-development trajectories of these conditions can provide valuable sights for early detection and intervention in high-risk individuals.

Objectives: This study aims to identify the co-development of cognitive function and frailty and explore the associated characteristics.

Preschool age-specific obesity and later-life kidney health: a Mendelian randomization and colocalization study.

Objectives: While the association between obesity and kidney diseases has been found in previous studies, the relationship between preschool-age obesity and later-life kidney health remains unclear, posing challenges for effective interventions in this critical life period.

Methods: Utilizing the hitherto largest genome-wide association studies, we conducted two-sample mendelian randomization (MR) to estimate the association of preschool age-specific obesity on kidney health and diseases, including blood urea nitrogen (BUN), eGFRcrea, eGFRcys, chronic kidney disease (CKD), IgA nephropathy, and diabetic nephropathy. Then, we applied multivariable Mendelian randomization (MVMR) and stepwise MR to elucidate the role of adult obesity and 12 other potential factors in the pathway between preschool age-specific obesity and kidney health.

Topical application of 666-15, a potent inhibitor of CREB, alleviates alkali-induced corneal neovascularization.

Corneal neovascularization (CNV) is a dynamically regulated process that arises due to a disruption in the equilibrium between pro-angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors. Various cytokines are released by vascular endothelial cells and macrophages in damaged cornea, ultimately inducing CNV. The cAMP-response element-binding protein (CREB), a nuclear transcription factor, potentially impacts tumor angiogenesis by modulating the secretion of angiogenic proteins.

Effects of household solid fuel use on sarcopenia in middle-aged and older adults: evidence from a nationwide cohort study.

Background: Household solid fuel use is common in global households and has been linked to changes in handgrip strength and muscle mass. However, whether household solid fuel use results in sarcopenia over time is not well elaborated.

Methods: This study employed data from the 2011-2015 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) that recruited 4,932 participants ≥45 years.

Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting the need for concomitant endoscopic septoplasty during endonasal endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy.

Background: Simultaneous endoscopic septoplasty is often required during endonasal endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (En-DCR) to improve access to the lacrimal sac and potentially optimize surgical success rates. In current practice, the decision to proceed to concomitant endoscopic septoplasty during En-DCR in patients with primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction (PANDO) is determined by anterior rhinoscopy and nasal endoscopic examination. However, none of these methods can be used to quantitatively assess the severity of septal deviation to determine the need for concomitant endoscopic septoplasty during En-DCR.

Nasolacrimal duct rhinostomy for low-level nasolacrimal duct obstruction:long-term outcomes and surgical selection paradigm.

Propose: This study aims to present long-term outcomes in a specific patient population experiencing epiphora due to low-level nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO) following endonasal endoscopic nasolacrimal duct rhinostomy, and to propose a surgical selection paradigm for varying locations of NLDO.

Methods: Between September 1, 2017 and February 28, 2023, a retrospective analysis was conducted on 26 patients diagnosed with primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction (PANDO) who underwent endonasal endoscopic nasolacrimal duct rhinostomy for low-level NLDO (defined as obstruction below the plane of the superior border of the inferior turbinate attachment). The study assessed surgical success through objective measures of anatomical patency and subjective measures of functional patency during a postoperative follow-up period of at least six months.

Dry eye and decreased tear film stability in primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction patients.

Purpose: Exploring the prevalence of dry eye (DE) and the changes of tear film stability in patients with primary acquired obstruction of the nasolacrimal duct (PANDO).

Methods: In this cross-sectional, observational study, 370 eyes in 223 patients with PANDO were assessed. The ocular surface disease index (OSDI) was used to evaluate ocular surface symptoms, and the Keratograph 5M non-invasive ocular surface analyser was used to assess ocular surface parameters.

Isoquercitrin alleviates OGD/R-induced oxidative stress and impaired mitochondrial biogenesis in SH-SY5Y cells via the NRF1/TFAM pathway.

Isoquercitrin (ISO) is a traditional Chinese medicine extract, that has been found to possess potent neuroprotective properties. However, its precise role in the context of ischemic stroke (IS) remains to be fully elucidated. We constructed an in vitro model of IS induced by OGD/R in SH-SY5Y cells.

Modified Conjoint Fascial Sheath and Levator Muscle Complex Suspension for the Correction of Simple Severe Congenital Ptosis in Pediatrics and the Effect on Refractive Status.

Purpose: To evaluate the outcomes of modified combined fascia sheath and levator muscle complex suspension to correct severe congenital ptosis in pediatrics and the effect on refractive status.

Methods: This prospective, case series study enrolled patients (aged ≤18 years) with simple severe congenital ptosis at Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center. All patients were treated with combined fascia sheath + levator muscle suspension and followed up for 3 months.

Quality of Vision in Eyes with Chronic Dacryocystitis After Endoscopic Dacryocystorhinostomy.

Purpose: To assess the quality of vision (QOV) of patients with chronic dacryocystitis and explore the impact of endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (En-DCR) on patients' QOV, with the aim of increasing clinicians' attention to the potential QOV changes in patients with chronic dacryocystitis.

Patients And Methods: Chronic dacryocystitis patients who attended the Department of Oculoplastics, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University from January 2022 to June 2022 and had En-DCR were included. The QOV was evaluated preoperatively and postoperatively using the Quick-contrast sensitivity function test (qCSF) and the OPD ScanIII comprehensive visual quality analyser, and the contrast sensitivity function (CSF), higher-order aberrations (HOAs), and modulation transfer function (MTF) data were recorded.