Childhood tuberculosis in Vienna between 2010 and 2016.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) has become a rare disease in developed countries. Austria is a low incidence country for TB with an incidence rate of 7.2/100,000 in 2016.

A Th17- and Th2-skewed cytokine profile in cystic fibrosis lungs represents a potential risk factor for Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection.

Rationale: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is characterized by progressive pulmonary inflammation that is infection-triggered. Pseudomonas aeruginosa represents a risk factor for deterioration of lung function and reduced life expectancy.

Objectives: To assess T-cell cytokine/chemokine production in clinically stable children with CF and evaluate the association between T-cell subtypes and susceptibility for infection with P.

Lung transplantation in children and young adults: a 20-year single-centre experience.

Lung transplantation in adults is an accepted therapeutic option, whereas there is ongoing debate on its positive impact on survival in children. We report our experience of the first 20 yrs of paediatric lung transplantation at a single centre in Austria. Patient survival, organ survival and freedom from bronchiolitis obliterans were estimated by Kaplan-Meier curves.