Therapeutic relationships in speech-language pathology: A scoping review of empirical studies.

Purpose: This scoping review provides an overview of empirical studies investigating therapeutic relationships between speech-language pathologists (SLPs), clients, and caregivers across all ages and clinical areas, and identifies areas of future research.

Method: The Joanna Briggs Institute's (JBI) scoping review method was employed. Systematic searches were conducted across seven databases and four grey literature databases.

Therapeutic relationships in speech-language pathology: a scoping review protocol.

Objective: The purpose of this scoping review is to provide an overview of empirical research regarding the therapeutic relationship between speech-language pathologists and their clients of all ages and clinical areas.

Introduction: The influence of a positive relationship between professionals and clients on the process and outcome of interventions is well documented for many health professions. However, research in speech-language pathology predominantly focuses on the outcome of specific treatment methods and techniques.

Effect of Volitional Effort on Submental Surface Electromyographic Activity During Healthy Swallowing.

The effortful swallowing technique aims to compensate for or rehabilitate impaired swallowing by using maximal volitional effort to behaviorally modify aspects of swallowing physiology. Given that swallowing is a submaximal task, swallowing at submaximal levels has recently been suggested as a more task-specific therapeutic technique. The aim of this study was to investigate differences in muscle activity during minimum, regular, and maximum effort swallowing of different boluses and across different ages, with the goal of characterizing the task specificity of minimum effort and maximum effort swallowing.

Effects of cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on motor skill learning in swallowing.

Objective: This study evaluated the effects of cerebellar tDCS on motor learning for swallowing.

Methods: In a double-blind RCT, 39 healthy adults received either sham, anodal tDCS, or cathodal tDCS in two sessions on two consecutive days. Following 20 min cerebellar tDCS (2 mA) or sham, they underwent swallowing skill training that targeted control of timing and magnitude of submental muscle activation during swallowing.

The capacity for volitional control of pharyngeal swallowing in healthy adults.

Introduction: Previous research has documented that pressure and duration of brainstem-generated pharyngeal swallowing can be cortically modulated. But there is a commonly held belief that the sequence of pharyngeal pressure remains constant. However, Huckabee et al.