Web-Based Therapist-Guided Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Body Dysmorphic Disorder: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and stand-alone mindfulness meditation interventions are gaining empirical support for a wide variety of mental health conditions. In this study, we test the efficacy of web-based therapist-guided mindfulness-based cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT-M) for body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), a psychiatric disorder characterized by preoccupations with perceived defects in appearance.

Objective: This study aims to determine whether CBT-M for BDD delivered on the web is feasible and acceptable and whether mindfulness meditation adds to CBT treatment effects for BDD.

Changes in illegal fishing dynamics in a large-scale MPA during COVID-19.

Global socio-ecological shocks, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, can threaten progress in protecting vulnerable marine environments by altering behaviour of resource users. When government priorities shift from environmental protection towards safeguarding human populations, control of illegal activity in protected areas can alter. Resulting increases in illegal fishing in large-scale marine protected areas (MPAs) are of particular concern as they contain a large proportion of marine protected area globally.

Clinical Assessment of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing in Memory Distress: Protocol for a Double-Blinded Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Exposures to "traumatic" events are widespread and can cause posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Cognitive behavioral therapy and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) are frequently used and validated behavioral PTSD treatments. Despite demonstrated effectiveness, highly upsetting memory reactions can be evoked, resulting in extensive distress and, sometimes, treatment dropout.

Basking shark sub-surface behaviour revealed by animal-towed cameras.

While biologging tags have answered a wealth of ecological questions, the drivers and consequences of movement and activity often remain difficult to ascertain, particularly marine vertebrates which are difficult to observe directly. Basking sharks, the second largest shark species in the world, aggregate in the summer in key foraging sites but despite advances in biologging technologies, little is known about their breeding ecology and sub-surface behaviour. Advances in camera technologies holds potential for filling in these knowledge gaps by providing environmental context and validating behaviours recorded with conventional telemetry.

High resolution biologging of breaching by the world's second largest shark species.

Basking sharks, the world's second largest fish, are endangered globally following two centuries of large-scale exploitation for their oily livers. In the northeast Atlantic, they seasonally gather in key sites, including the western Scottish Isles, where they feed on plankton, but their breeding grounds are currently completely unknown. Using high-resolution three-axis accelerometry and depth logging, we present the first direct records of breaching by basking sharks over 41 days.

Transport variability over the Hawkesbury Shelf (31.5-34.5°S) driven by the East Australian Current.

The Hawkesbury Bioregion located off southeastern Australia (31.5-34.5oS) is a region of highly variable circulation.

Factors influencing fall prevention for patients with spinal cord injury from the perspectives of administrators in Canadian rehabilitation hospitals.

Background: Fall prevention is a priority in Canadian tertiary rehabilitation hospitals. We aimed to understand the perspectives of hospital administrators on the challenges experienced when implementing fall prevention policies/procedures for patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) in tertiary rehabilitation hospitals.

Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 administrators employed in six Canadian tertiary rehabilitation hospitals.

A comparison of methods to determine chimpanzee home-range size in a forest-farm mosaic at Madina in Cantanhez National Park, Guinea-Bissau.

Human activities impact the distribution of numerous species. Anthropogenic habitats are often fragmented, and wildlife must navigate through human-influenced and 'natural' parts of the landscape to access resources. Different methods to determine the home-range areas of nonhuman primates have not considered the additional complexities of ranging in anthropogenic areas.

On the privacy-conscientious use of mobile phone data.

The breadcrumbs we leave behind when using our mobile phones—who somebody calls, for how long, and from where—contain unprecedented insights about us and our societies. Researchers have compared the recent availability of large-scale behavioral datasets, such as the ones generated by mobile phones, to the invention of the microscope, giving rise to the new field of computational social science.

Increased risk of hospital-acquired foot ulcers in people with diabetes: large prospective study and implications for practice.

Aims: Diabetes increases the risk of costly and potentially preventable hospital-acquired pressure ulceration. Given that peripheral arterial disease and neuropathy, important risk factors for foot ulceration, are more common in people with diabetes, their risk of hospital-acquired foot ulceration (HAFU) in particular may be even greater. This study aims to determine this risk.

Perioperative passport: empowering people with diabetes along their surgical journey.

Aim: To determine whether a handheld 'perioperative passport' could improve the experience of perioperative care for people with diabetes and overcome some of the communication issues commonly identified in inpatient extracts.

Methods: Individuals with diabetes undergoing elective surgery requiring at least an overnight stay were identified via a customized information technology system. Those allocated to the passport group were given the perioperative passport before their hospital admission.

Diabetes patient at risk score - a novel system for triaging appropriate referrals of inpatients with diabetes to the diabetes team.

The acceptability, uptake and effectiveness of a new referral tool - the diabetes patient at risk (DPAR) score - were evaluated and the timeliness of review of referred inpatients by the diabetes team was measured. For this, a snapshot survey of ward healthcare professionals (HCPs) and a review of all DPAR referrals to the diabetes team between 1 September 2013 and 31 January 2014 were undertaken. All referrals in November 2013 were audited for timeliness of review.

Impact of the Diabetes Inpatient Care and Education (DICE) project and the DICE Care Pathway on patient outcomes and trainee doctor's knowledge and confidence.

Aim: To evaluate the impact of the Diabetes Inpatient Care and Education project and a comprehensive diabetes care pathway, the Diabetes Inpatient Care and Education Care Pathway, on patient outcomes and on the knowledge and confidence of trainee doctors.

Methods: The effect on patient outcomes was evaluated by comparing the National Diabetes Inpatient Audit data before (2012) and after (2013) implementing the Diabetes Inpatient Care and Education project. The impact on trainee doctors was evaluated using the Modified Kirkpatrick model.

Temporal patterns of hypoglycaemia and burden of sulfonylurea-related hypoglycaemia in UK hospitals: a retrospective multicentre audit of hospitalised patients with diabetes.

Objectives: To determine whether temporal patterns of hypoglycaemia exist in inpatients with diabetes 'at risk' of hypoglycaemia (those on insulin and/or sulfonylureas), and if so whether patterns differ between hospitals and between these treatments.

Setting: Retrospective multicentre audit of inpatients with diabetes involving 11 acute UK National Health Service (NHS) trusts.

Participants: Capillary blood glucose readings of 3.

The Ipswich Touch Test: a simple and novel method to screen patients with diabetes at home for increased risk of foot ulceration.

Aims: The Ipswich Touch Test is a novel method to detect subjects with diabetes with loss of foot sensation and is simple, safe, quick, and easy to perform and teach. This study determines whether it can be used by relatives and/or carers to detect reduced foot sensation in the setting of the patient's home.

Methods: The test involves lightly and briefly (1-2 s) touching the tips of the first, third and fifth toes of both feet with the index finger.

Using a numerical model to understand the connection between the ocean and acoustic travel-time measurements.

Measurements of acoustic ray travel-times in the ocean provide synoptic integrals of the ocean state between source and receiver. It is known that the ray travel-time is sensitive to variations in the ocean at the transmission time, but the sensitivity of the travel-time to spatial variations in the ocean prior to the acoustic transmission have not been quantified. This study examines the sensitivity of ray travel-time to the temporally and spatially evolving ocean state in the Philippine Sea using the adjoint of a numerical model.

Diurnal temporal patterns of hypoglycaemia in hospitalized people with diabetes may reveal potentially correctable factors.

Aim: To determine whether diurnal temporal variations in hypoglycaemic frequency occur in hospitalized patients.

Methods: Hypoglycaemic events were identified in a snapshot bedside audit of capillary blood glucose results from diabetes charts of all inpatients receiving insulin or a sulphonylurea (with or without insulin) on 2 days separated by 6 weeks. Additionally, capillary blood glucose measurements were remotely captured over 2 months, in the same category of patients, and analysed for temporal patterns.

Recombinant antimicrobial peptides efficiently produced using novel cloning and purification processes.

Endogenous antimicrobial peptides are ubiquitous components of animal and plant host defences. These peptides, usually cationic and amphipathic, kill target cells rapidly and are efficacious against antibiotic-resistant and clinically relevant pathogens. A practical challenge in the development of cationic peptides as therapeutics is to meet the production requirements for large quantities of highly purified drug substance at competitive costs.

The action of philanthotoxin-343 and photolabile analogues on locust (Schistocerca gregaria) muscle.

The effects of philanthotoxin-343 (PhTX-343; tyrosyl-butanoyl-spermine) and photolabile analogues of this synthetic toxin on locust (Schistocerca gregaria) skeletal muscle have been investigated using whole muscle preparations (twitch contractions), single muscle fibres (excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs)) and muscle membrane patches containing single quisqualate-sensitive glutamate receptors (qGluR). Analogues containing an azido group attached to either the butanoyl side-chain of PhTX-343 or as a substitute for the hydroxyl moiety of the tyrosyl residue were about 6 fold more potent antagonists than PhTX-343; those with an azido group located at the distal end of the toxin molecule were generally 2-3 fold less potent than PhTX-343. When these compounds were tested in subdued light, they were reversible antagonists of the muscle twitch, EPSC and qGluR.

Reconstitution of glutamate receptor proteins purified from Xenopus central nervous system into artificial bilayers.

Excitatory amino acid (EAA) receptor (EAAR) proteins purified from Xenopus central nervous system using a domoate affinity column and then separated into fractions using sucrose density gradient centrifugation were reconstituted, first into liposomes and then into planar lipid bilayers, using pipette-dipping and black lipid membrane techniques. Although the protein was eluted from the column with either alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionate (AMPA) or kainate and could not be eluted with N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA), channel openings were obtained after exposure of the bilayers to kainate, AMPA, or NMDA (usually only in the presence of glycine). In bilayers exhibiting a single open channel conductance level this was approximately 6 pS with AMPA, approximately 9 pS with kainate, and approximately 50 pS with NMDA.

Purified unitary kainate/alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisooxazole-propionate (AMPA) and kainate/AMPA/N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors with interchangeable subunits.

We have purified and characterized two vertebrate excitatory amino acid ionotropic receptors from the Xenopus central nervous system. Each is a unitary receptor (i.e.

Quisqualate-sensitive glutamate receptors of the locust Schistocerca gregaria are antagonised by intracellularly applied philanthotoxin and spermine.

The effects of intracellularly and extracellularly applied synthetic analogues of delta-philanthotoxin (PhTX-433) and the polyamine spermine on the excitatory postsynaptic current (EPSC) of glutamatergic synapses and single channel currents gated by quisqualate-sensitive glutamate receptors (QUIS-R) on locust leg muscle have been compared. When applied extracellularly all 3 compounds reversibly antagonised the EPSC and the single channel currents. Antagonism was voltage independent, but use (agonist) dependent.

Markov, fractal, diffusion, and related models of ion channel gating. A comparison with experimental data from two ion channels.

The gating kinetics of single-ion channels are generally modeled in terms of Markov processes with relatively small numbers of channel states. More recently, fractal (Liebovitch et al. 1987.

Shiga-like toxin converting phage of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli strain 933.

Production of Shiga-like toxin (SLT) by enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) is controlled by phage conversion, and specific phages carry either the SLT-I or SLT-II operon. EHEC strain 933 produces both SLT-I and SLT-II. Previous studies demonstrated that the vast majority of phages recovered from strain 993 have hexagonal heads with short tails and encode SLT-II.