Extracellular RNA Sensing Mediates Inflammation and Organ Injury in a Murine Model of Polytrauma.

Severe traumatic injury leads to marked systemic inflammation and multiorgan injury. Endogenous drivers such as extracellular nucleic acid may play a role in mediating innate immune response and the downstream pathogenesis. Here, we explored the role of plasma extracellular RNA (exRNA) and its sensing mechanism in inflammation and organ injury in a murine model of polytrauma.

A Nonlethal Full-Thickness Flame Burn Produces a Seroma Beneath the Forming Eschar, Thereby Promoting Pseudomonas aeruginosa Sepsis in Mice.

The World Health Organization estimates ~180,000 deaths occur annually from burn-related injuries. Many victims who survive the initial burn trauma succumb to bacterial infections that lead to sepsis during treatment. Although advancements in burn care continue to improve in high-income countries due to their burn centers and advanced research, low and middle-income countries continue to see high frequencies of burn injuries and burn-related deaths due to secondary infections.

A Nonlethal Murine Flame Burn Model Leads to a Transient Reduction in Host Defenses and Enhanced Susceptibility to Lethal Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection.

Of the 486,000 burn injuries that required medical treatment in the United States in 2016, 40,000 people were hospitalized, with >3,000 fatalities. After burn injury, humans are at increased risk of sepsis and mortality from infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, an opportunistic pathogen. We hypothesize that systemic events were initiated from the burn that increased the host's susceptibility to P.

Hypobaria Exposure Worsens Cardiac Function and Endothelial Injury in AN Animal Model of Polytrauma: Implications for Aeromedical Evacuation.

Background: Aeromedical evacuation can expose traumatically injured patients to low pressure (hypobaria) and hypoxia. Here, we sought to assess the impact of hypobaria on inflammation, organ injury, and mortality in a mouse model of polytrauma.

Methods: Eight to 12-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were subjected to sham or polytrauma consisting of bowel ischemia by superior mesenteric artery occlusion, hindlimb muscle crush, and tibia fracture.

Enteritis in Patients Following Total Colectomy-a Rare but Genuine Clinical Entity.

Objective: infection (CDI) frequently causes colitis following antibiotic exposure and is a leading cause of gastrointestinal infectious mortality. Infection in the small bowel, enteritis (CDE), was previously thought impossible, but case series have challenged this dogma. enteritis prevalence, severity, and potential risk factors are unknown.

Advancing health equity through the National Comprehensive Cancer Control Program.

Achieving health equity requires addressing social determinants of health. Promoting health equity as it relates to cancer control is one of six priorities of the National Comprehensive Cancer Control Program (NCCCP). This article describes recent activities implemented by three NCCCP awardees (North-west Portland Area Indian Health Board, Kansas, Michigan) and the CDC-funded National Behavior Health Network (NBHN), whose aim is to reduce health disparities among those with mental health and/or substance disorders.

House Staff Participation in Patient Safety Reporting: Identification of Predominant Barriers and Implementation of a Pilot Program.

Objectives: Patient safety event (PSE) reporting is a critical element for healthcare organizations that are striving for continuous quality improvement. Although resident physicians routinely provide the majority of direct patient care, the level of their participation in PSE reporting historically has been low. In addition, as part of the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education's Next Accreditation System, the Clinical Learning Environment Review site visit assesses residents' engagement in PSE reporting at each accredited academic institution.

Satisfaction with cancer care among American Indian and Alaska Natives in Oregon and Washington State: a qualitative study of survivor and caregiver perspectives.

Purpose: To better understand satisfaction with care among American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) persons with cancer, we explored dimensions of the provider relationship that contributed to satisfaction among caregivers and survivors who received cancer treatment in Oregon and Washington State.

Methods: Between November 2011 and April 2013, the project team interviewed 11 caregivers and 71 AI/AN cancer survivors residing in Oregon and Washington State. Interview questions aimed to elicit participant experiences with care providers and factors associated with cancer care satisfaction.

Regional differences and tribal use of American Indian/Alaska Native cancer data in the Pacific Northwest.

In the Pacific Northwest, cancer is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality for American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/AN). Misclassification of AI/AN race in state cancer registries causes cancer burden to be underestimated. Furthermore, local-level data are rarely available to individual tribes for use in health assessment and program planning.

Evaluation of Cancer 101: an educational program for native settings.

This community-based intervention study examines the impact of Cancer 101, a cancer education resource developed in collaboration with American Indians/Alaska Natives to improve cancer knowledge, action regarding cancer control in tribal settings, and survival rates for members of their communities. Pre/post-surveys used to assess knowledge, attitudes, perceived benefits and future activities at baseline, immediately post-training, and at 4-6 months. Participants demonstrated significant change in knowledge, attitude, and cancer control activities.