Diagnostic implications of review-of-systems questionnaires to differentiate epileptic seizures from psychogenic seizures.

Objective: Early and accurate diagnosis of patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) leads to appropriate treatment and improves long-term seizure prognosis. However, this is complicated by the need to record seizures to make a definitive diagnosis. Suspicion for PNES can be raised through knowledge that patients with PNES have increased somatic sensitivity and report more positive complaints on review-of-systems questionnaires (RoSQs) than patients with epileptic seizures.

Health Risk Factors Associated with Lifetime Abstinence from Alcohol in the 1979 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth Cohort.

Background: The choice and definition of a comparison group in alcohol-related health studies remains a prominent issue in alcohol epidemiology due to potential biases in the risk estimates. The most commonly used comparison group has been current abstainers; however, this includes former drinkers who may have quit drinking due to health problems. Lifetime abstention could be the best option, but measurement issues, selection biases due to health and other risk factors, and small numbers in populations are important concerns.

Changes in heavy drinking following onset of health problems in a U.S. general population sample.

Heavy episodic drinking is a well-established risk factor for heart disease, diabetes, certain cancers, stroke, hypertension and injuries, however, little is known about whether health problems precipitate changes in subsequent drinking patterns. Retrospective cohort analyses of heavy drinking by decade were conducted using data from the 2010 U.S.

Effects of steam-microwave blanching and different drying processes on drying characteristics and quality attributes of Thunbergia laurifolia Linn. leaves.

Background: Dried Thunbergia laurifolia leaves are usually prepared using tray drying, resulting in products that have lost substantial amounts of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity. The maturity of the raw material, blanching techniques and drying methods were investigated in order to select the best condition to produce high qualities of dried T. laurifolia leaves.

LRBA is Essential for Allogeneic Responses in Bone Marrow Transplantation.

The PH-BEACH-WD40 (PBW) protein family members play a role in coordinating receptor signaling and intracellular vesicle trafficking. LPS-Responsive-Beige-like Anchor (LRBA) is a PBW protein whose immune function remains elusive. Here we show that LRBA-null mice are viable, but exhibit compromised rejection of allogeneic, xenogeneic and missing self bone-marrow grafts.

Lipid phosphatase SHIP2 functions as oncogene in colorectal cancer by regulating PKB activation.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cause of cancer-related death, encouraging the search for novel therapeutic targets affecting tumor cell proliferation and migration. These cellular processes are under tight control of two opposing groups of enzymes; kinases and phosphatases. Aberrant activity of kinases is observed in many forms of cancer and as phosphatases counteract such "oncogenic" kinases, it is generally assumed that phosphatases function as tumor suppressors.

Innovation network.

Technological progress builds upon itself, with the expansion of invention in one domain propelling future work in linked fields. Our analysis uses 1.8 million US patents and their citation properties to map the innovation network and its strength.

The effect of grinding at various vacuum levels on the color, phenolics, and antioxidant properties of apple.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of grinding at different vacuum levels (2.67, 6.67, 13.

Investigation of synthetic aperture methods in ultrasound surface imaging using elementary surface types.

Synthetic aperture imaging methods have been employed widely in recent research in non-destructive testing (NDT), but uptake has been more limited in medical ultrasound imaging. Typically offering superior focussing power over more traditional phased array methods, these techniques have been employed in NDT applications to locate and characterise small defects within large samples, but have rarely been used to image surfaces. A desire to ultimately employ ultrasonic surface imaging for bone surface geometry measurement prior to surgical intervention motivates this research, and results are presented for initial laboratory trials of a surface reconstruction technique based on global thresholding of ultrasonic 3D point cloud data.

A small-molecule inhibitor of SHIP1 reverses age- and diet-associated obesity and metabolic syndrome.

Low-grade chronic inflammation is a key etiological phenomenon responsible for the initiation and perpetuation of obesity and diabetes. Novel therapeutic approaches that can specifically target inflammatory pathways are needed to avert this looming epidemic of metabolic disorders. Genetic and chemical inhibition of SH2-containing inositol 5' phosphatase 1 (SHIP1) has been associated with systemic expansion of immunoregulatory cells that promote a lean-body state; however, SHIP1 function in immunometabolism has never been assessed.

Hydrogen isotope exchange with highly active iridium(I) NHC/phosphine complexes: a comparative counterion study.

Herein, we present a range of substrates that undergo hydrogen isotope exchange with an iridium(I) N-heterocyclic carbene/phosphine complex bearing the less coordinating tetrakis[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]borate counterion and compare these with labelling using the equivalent, more established hexafluorophosphate complex. The changes in reactivity and selectivity of these complexes in a series of solvents are examined. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Diagnostic delay in psychogenic seizures and the association with anti-seizure medication trials.

Purpose: The average delay from first seizure to diagnosis of psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES) is over 7 years. The reason for this delay is not well understood. We hypothesized that a perceived decrease in seizure frequency after starting an anti-seizure medication (ASM) may contribute to longer delays, but the frequency of such a response has not been well established.

Early Life Health, Trauma and Social Determinants of Lifetime Abstention from Alcohol.

Aims: Factors influencing lifetime abstention from alcohol may be relevant to the validity of analyses of alcohol's impact on health outcomes. We evaluate relationships between early life experiences, social factors, and demographic characteristics on lifetime abstainer status in models disaggregating by gender and, among women, race/ethnicity.

Methods: Analyses use the landline sample (N = 5382) of the 2010 U.

Opinions on the Privatization of Distilled-Spirits Sales in Washington State: Did Voters Change Their Minds?

Objective: In November 2011, voters in Washington State approved Initiative 1183 (I-1183), which ended the government monopoly on distilled-spirits sales. The current study examined the relationship between demographics, spirits use, and voting outcomes, as well as how these variables related to wanting to change one's vote.

Method: The sample consisted of 1,202 adults recruited through random-digit-dial methods and reached via telephone between January and April 2014.

EU Failing FAO Challenge to Improve Global Food Security.

The announcement that the European Union (EU) had reached an agreement allowing Member States (MS) to ban genetically modified (GM) crops confirms that the EU has chosen to ignore the food security challenge issued to the world by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) in 2009. The FAO suggests that agricultural biotechnology has a central role in meeting the food security challenge.

Estimated increase in cross-border purchases by Washington residents following liquor privatization and implications for alcohol consumption trends.

Aims: To estimate changes in liquor sales occurring in Washington, USA and bordering states following the privatization of government controlled liquor stores.

Design: Trend analyses of data from January 2009 to October 2014 of a natural experiment beginning 1 June 2012, when liquor prices increased and the number of stores selling liquor increased in the state of Washington. Difference-in-differences (DID) models and interrupted time-series methods were used.

Iridium-catalysed ortho-H/D and -H/T exchange under basic conditions: C-H activation of unprotected tetrazoles.

The first examples of selective ortho-directed C-H activation with unprotected 2-aryltetrazoles are described. A new base-assisted protocol for iridium(i) hydrogen isotope exchange catalysis allows access to ortho-deuterated and tritiated tetrazoles, including the tetrazole-containing pharmaceutical, Valsartan. Preliminary mechanistic studies are also presented.

Abstracts of the 24th international isotope society (UK group) symposium: synthesis and applications of labelled compounds 2015.

The 24th annual symposium of the International Isotope Society's United Kingdom Group took place at the Møller Centre, Churchill College, Cambridge, UK on Friday 6th November 2015. The meeting was attended by 77 delegates from academia and industry, the life sciences, chemical, radiochemical and scientific instrument suppliers. Delegates were welcomed by Dr Ken Lawrie (GlaxoSmithKline, UK, chair of the IIS UK group).

Iridium(I) N-Heterocyclic Carbene (NHC)/Phosphine Catalysts for Mild and Chemoselective Hydrogenation Processes.

The directed chemoselective hydrogenation of olefins has been established by using iridium(I) catalysts, which feature a tuned NHC/phosphine ligand combination. This selective reduction process has been demonstrated in a wide array of solvents, including more environmentally acceptable media, also allowing further refinement of hydrogenation selectivity.

Relationship of Usual Volume and Heavy Consumption to Risk of Alcohol-Related Injury: Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Four U.S. National Alcohol Surveys.

Objective: National population data on racial/ethnic disparities and risk of alcohol-related injury are scarce. Alcohol-related injury and drinking patterns are examined in a sample of respondents from four (1995, 2000, 2005, 2010) U.S.