Implants of noninvasive papillary urothelial carcinoma in peritoneum and ileocolonic neobladder: support for "seed and soil" hypothesis of bladder recurrence.

Objectives: To explore the underlying mechanism of tumor regrowth in cases of noninvasive urothelial carcinoma that recur in unusual anatomic locations.

Methods: The pathology files of our institution and the consult service of one of us were searched for cases of noninvasive nonmetastatic urothelial carcinoma with involvement of unusual anatomic sites. Cases in which the mode of spread included direct spread to the adjacent tissue and lymphovascular metastases were excluded.

Antibody-based profiling of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase pathway in clinical prostate cancer.

Purpose: As kinase inhibitors transition from the laboratory to patients, it is imperative to develop biomarkers that can be used in the clinic. The primary objectives are to identify patients most likely to benefit from molecularly targeted therapies and to document modulation of the drug target. Constitutive activation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway and its downstream effectors, as a result of PTEN loss or by other mechanisms, occurs in a high proportion of prostate cancers, making it an ideal template for the design of clinical trials involving PI3K pathway inhibitors.

Dietary boron intake and prostate cancer risk.

Boron affects human steroid hormone levels. Circulating testosterone and estradiol levels have been proposed to modify prostate cancer risk. However, the association between dietary boron intake and the risk of prostate cancer has not been evaluated by any epidemiological study.

Renal cell carcinoma with tumor thrombus: is cytoreductive nephrectomy for advanced disease associated with an increased complication rate?

Purpose: We examined whether cytoreductive nephrectomy in patients with venous tumor thrombus and metastatic disease is associated with more complications than in those with thrombus without metastatic disease.

Materials And Methods: Between 1989 and 2000, 74 patients with renal vein extension, 87 with inferior vena caval extension and 491 without tumor thrombus underwent nephrectomy at our institution. Metastatic and nonmetastatic renal vein extension in 51 and 23 cases, inferior vena caval extension in 54 and 33, and nontumor thrombus in 171 and 320, respectively, were compared for symptoms at presentation, surgical data, mortality and complications.

International validation of a preoperative nomogram for prostate cancer recurrence after radical prostatectomy.

Purpose: We evaluated the predictive accuracy of a recently published preoperative nomogram for prostate cancer that predicts 5-year freedom from recurrence. We applied this nomogram to patients from seven different institutions spanning three continents.

Methods: Clinical data of 6,754 patients were supplied for validation, and 6,232 complete records were used.

Validation study of the accuracy of a postoperative nomogram for recurrence after radical prostatectomy for localized prostate cancer.

Purpose: A postoperative nomogram for prostate cancer was developed at Baylor College of Medicine. This nomogram uses readily available clinical and pathologic variables to predict 7-year freedom from recurrence after radical prostatectomy. We evaluated the predictive accuracy of the nomogram when applied to patients of four international institutions.

Induction of G250-targeted and T-cell-mediated antitumor activity against renal cell carcinoma using a chimeric fusion protein consisting of G250 and granulocyte/monocyte-colony stimulating factor.

Immunotherapy targeting for the induction of a T-cell-mediated antitumor response in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) appears to hold significant promise. Here we describe a novel RCC vaccine strategy that allows for the concomitant delivery of dual immune activators: G250, a widely expressed RCC associated antigen; and granulocyte/macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), an immunomodulatory factor for antigen-presenting cells. The G250-GM-CSF fusion gene was constructed and expressed in Sf9 cells using a baculovirus expression vector system.

Reevaluation of the 1997 TNM classification for renal cell carcinoma: T1 and T2 cutoff point at 4.5 rather than 7 cm. better correlates with clinical outcome.

Purpose: We analyzed the effects of the change in TNM classification from the 1987 to the 1997 version and suggest a modified tumor size cutoff point between T stages 1 and 2 for renal cell carcinoma.

Materials And Methods: We evaluated a database containing the records of 661 patients who underwent nephrectomy between 1989 and 1999. The effect of the change in TNM classification on the distribution of patients between stages, the rates of M+ and N+ disease, and the local and distant recurrence rates were outlined for 280 patients with T stages 1 and 2 disease.

Blood loss and the need for transfusion in patients who undergo partial or radical nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma.

Purpose: We assessed blood loss and subsequent transfusion associated with nephrectomy performed for suspected renal cell carcinoma to establish guidelines for preoperative autologous blood donation and identify a subgroup of patients that may benefit from erythropoietin administration.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the charts of 211 patients who underwent partial (73%) or radical (23%) nephrectomy for presumed renal cell carcinoma at our institution between 1990 and 1999. Patients were divided into groups 1-44.

Is adrenalectomy a necessary component of radical nephrectomy? UCLA experience with 511 radical nephrectomies.

Purpose: We determine the incidence and characteristics of adrenal involvement in localized and advanced renal cell carcinoma, and evaluate the role of adrenalectomy as part of radical nephrectomy.

Materials And Methods: The records of 511 patients undergoing radical nephrectomy with ipsilateral adrenalectomy for renal cell carcinoma at our medical center between 1986 and 1998 were reviewed. Mean patient age was 63.

Renal cell carcinoma: prognostic significance of incidentally detected tumors.

Purpose: We determined the prognostic significance of incidentally discovered renal cell carcinoma in the era of increased incidental detection.

Materials And Methods: We reviewed the records of 633 consecutive patients who underwent radical or partial nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma at our institution between 1987 and 1998. Patients were divided into those who were asymptomatic and tumor was diagnosed incidentally and those diagnosed after presenting with any of the classic symptoms of renal cell carcinoma or subsequent metastasis.

Long-term complete remission in bladder carcinoma in situ with intravesical TICE bacillus Calmette Guerin. Overview analysis of six phase II clinical trials.

Carcinoma in situ is a form of superficial transitional cell carcinoma, which is characterized by a lateral spread along the bladder epithelium, with high-grade malignancy and poor prognosis. Early radical cystectomy is considered the definitive treatment even in the absence of associated invasive cancer. In six prospective phase II studies, 123 carcinoma in situ patients were administered intravesical TICE bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG).

Comparison of flutamide and Emcyt in hormone-refractory metastatic prostatic cancer.

A prospective randomized trial for metastatic prostatic cancer in 220 patients who were refractory to hormone therapy was conducted by the National Prostatic Cancer Project from 1984 to 1985. As of July, 1986, the evaluation of these patients reflected no difference in response to either estramustine phosphate (Emcyt) or flutamide. Toxicities were minimal, and the observed survival and progression-free survival intervals were noteworthy in view of the overall prospects for such patients.

Staging of localized prostate cancer: a clinical-pathologic correlation.

Sixty consecutive patients were staged clinically by digital rectal examination, acid phosphatase and bone scan prior to radical retropubic prostatectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy. Twenty-one patients also had magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computerized tomography (CT) of the pelvic. The surgical specimens were step-sectioned for pathologic staging.

Interferon in renal cell carcinoma. The UCLA experience.

Three sequential studies of alpha interferon were performed in a total of 84 evaluable patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. In Study I, conducted from 1981 to 1982, 43 patients received human leukocyte alpha interferon (IFN alpha) 3 X 10(6) U/day, 5 days per week for 12 weeks. In Study II, performed in 1983, vinblastine (0.

[Place of prostatectomy and radiotherapy in the treatment of cancer of the prostate confined to the prostate gland (T0, T1, T2)].

The most appropriate treatment for localized prostatic cancer remains controversial: which tumors should be treated? And what is the respective place of radical prostatectomy versus radiotherapy. The results obtained with these two treatment modalities reported by various american centers are compared for their ability to control local disease. In the absence of any decisive therapeutic trial, the data suggest that radical prostatectomy represents a valuable therapeutic approach in selected cases.

Immunotherapy of cancer with "immune" RNA. A preliminary report.

A phase I clinical trial of immunotherapy with "Immune" RNA was undertaken fifteen months ago. Twenty-six cancer patients were treated with RNA extracted from the lymphoid organs of sheep immunized with either autologous tumor cells or allogeneic tumor cells of the same histologic type. Eighteen patients had gross disease and eight had minimum residual disease.

Management of adenocarcinoma of prostate with diethylstilbestrol diphosphate and cyclophosphamide.

Eleven patients with terminal metastatic prostatic carcinoma were selected for a pilot study to evaluate how effective diethylstilbestrol diphosphate (Stilphostrol) and cylcophosphamide (Cytoxan) are in this disease. Six of 7 patients had a good response when treated with diethylstilbestrol diphosphate. The mean duration of response was 6.