Evaluation of two plasma-based proteotyping assays against APOE ε4 genotyping in a memory clinic setting: The Gothenburg H70 Clinical Studies.

Introduction: Apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele status is associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease and should be determined prior to initiation of anti-amyloid beta antibody treatment, because of increased risk of treatment-related side effects. Plasma-based apoE4 proteotyping may be an alternative to genotyping, with limited clinical evidence.

Methods: apoE4 proteotyping was performed on 164 memory-clinic patients, using one chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay (CLEIA) and one nucleic acid-linked immunosandwich assay (NULISA).

Determination of chlorinated paraffins and olefins in plastic consumer products of the Swiss market.

Chlorinated paraffins (CPs) are plastic additives, which are targeted by international regulatory entities due to their persistence, bioaccumulation, potential for long-range environmental transport and adverse effects. In this work, CPs were analyzed in plastic consumer products of the Swiss market collected in 2021. Up to 144 plastic samples were pre-screened with a GC-ECD method.

The metabolome of Sphingobium chinhatense IP26 exposed to chlorinated paraffins - Efficient data analysis with RASER.

The universe of possible chloro-paraffin (CP) structures is a complex one. Even the world of short-chain CPs (SCCPs) is large, containing thousands of constitutional isomers and stereoisomers. We investigated a technical SCCP mixture (Hordalub 80, Vantage Leuna, m = 56%) and found 33 CP-homologues in this material with carbon- (n) and chlorine-numbers (n) varying from 10 to 13 and 4-12, respectively.

Clinical and Genomic Features of Androgen Indifferent Prostate Cancer.

Androgen-indifferent prostate cancer (AIPC) is increasingly common and particularly lethal. Data describing these tumors are sparse, and AIPC remains a poorly understood malignancy. Utilizing the Oncology Research Information Exchange Network (ORIEN) database, we enriched for tumors with features of AIPC using previously described characteristics.

Depressive Symptoms and Amyloid Pathology.

Importance: Depressive symptoms are associated with cognitive decline in older individuals. Uncertainty about underlying mechanisms hampers diagnostic and therapeutic efforts. This large-scale study aimed to elucidate the association between depressive symptoms and amyloid pathology.

Polygenic risk scores for atrial fibrillation and heart failure and the risk of stroke and dementia.

Atrial fibrillation and heart failure have both been suggested to increase stroke and dementia risk. However, in observational studies, reversed causation and unmeasured confounding may occur. To mitigate these issues, this study aims to investigate if higher genetic risk for atrial fibrillation and heart failure increases dementia and stroke risk.

Association of body composition with neuroimaging biomarkers and cognitive function; a population-based study of 70-year-olds.

Background: A better understanding of body-brain links may provide insights on targets for preventing cognitive decline. The aim was to explore associations of body composition with neuroimaging biomarkers and cognitive function among dementia-free 70-year-olds.

Methods: Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry body composition measures in relation to neuroimaging measures of cortical thickness, hippocampal volume, small vessel disease, predicted brain age, and cognitive performance were explored in a cross-sectional study of 674 dementia-free 70-year-olds from the Swedish Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort study.

Temporal trends and spatial variations of chlorinated paraffins and olefins in sewage sludge from eight Swiss wastewater treatment plants from 1993 to 2020.

High production rates of chlorinated paraffins (CPs) and their widespread use resulted in a global contamination. Since 2017, short-chain CPs (SCCPs, C-C) are listed as persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the Stockholm Convention. Technical CP mixtures contain hundreds of homologues and side products such as chlorinated olefins (COs), diolefins (CdiOs) and triolefins (CtriOs).

Biological brain age and resilience in cognitively unimpaired 70-year-old individuals.

Introduction: This study investigated the associations of brain age gap (BAG)-a biological marker of brain resilience-with life exposures, neuroimaging measures, biological processes, and cognitive function.

Methods: We derived BAG by subtracting predicted brain age from chronological age in 739 septuagenarians without dementia or neurological disorders. Robust linear regression models assessed BAG associations with life exposures, plasma inflammatory and metabolic biomarkers, magnetic resonance imaging, and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers of neurodegeneration and vascular brain injury, and cognitive performance.

CSF levels of brain-derived proteins correlate with brain ventricular volume in cognitively healthy 70-year-olds.

Background: The effect of varying brain ventricular volume on the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteome has been discussed as possible confounding factors in comparative protein level analyses. However, the relationship between CSF volume and protein levels remains largely unexplored. Moreover, the few existing studies provide conflicting findings, indicating the need for further research.

MRI markers of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus in a population study with 791 participants: Exploring reference values and associations.

Purpose: Epidemiological studies on idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) imaging markers and their normal values are scarce. This population-based study aimed to analyze several morphologic and volumetric iNPH-related imaging markers in a large sample, determining their distribution, diagnostic accuracy, suggested cut-offs, and associations with iNPH symptoms.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 791 70 year olds, 40 with radiologically probable iNPH (iNPH) and 751 without iNPH features (reference).

Advancing pharmacometrics in Africa-Transition from capacity development toward job creation.

Trained pharmacometricians remain scarce in Africa due to limited training opportunities, lack of a pharmaceutical product development ecosystem, and emigration to high-income countries. The Applied Pharmacometrics Training (APT) fellowship program was established to address these gaps and specifically foster job creation for talent retention. We review the APT program's progress over 3 years and encourage collaboration to enhance local clinical data analysis in Africa.

Neuroimaging Correlates of 3 Distinct Physical-Cognitive Phenotypes in Cognitively Normal Older Adults: The Gothenburg H70 Cohort Study.

Background And Objectives: Individuals aged 70 and older frequently experience an increased risk of deficits in both physical and cognitive functions. However, the natural progression and interrelationship of these deficits, as well as their neurologic correlates, remain unclear. We aimed to classify the data-driven physical-cognitive phenotypes and then investigate their associations with neuroimaging markers.

Implementing sensor-based digital health technologies in clinical trials: Key considerations from the eCOA Consortium.

The increased use of sensor-based digital health technologies (DHTs) in clinical trials brought to light concerns about implementation practices that might introduce burden on trial participants, resulting in suboptimal compliance and become an additional complicating factor in clinical trial conduct. These concerns may contribute to the lower-than-anticipated uptake of DHT deployment and data use for regulatory decision-making, despite well-articulated benefits. The Electronic Clinical Outcome Assessment (eCOA) Consortium gathered collective experience on deploying sensor-based DHTs and supplemented this with relevant literature focusing on mechanisms that may enhance participant compliance.

Costs of Care in Relation to Alzheimer's Disease Severity in Sweden: A National Registry-Based Cohort Study.

Background: The advancement of diagnostic and therapeutic interventions in early Alzheimer's disease (AD) has demanded the economic evaluation of such interventions. Resource utilization and cost estimates in early AD and, more specifically, the amyloid-positive population are still lacking. We aimed to provide cost estimates in AD in relation to disease severity and compare these with the control population.

Improving Patient Understanding and Outcomes in Lung Cancer Using an Animated Patient's Guide with Visual Formats of Learning.

Lung cancer patient education resources that address barriers to health literacy, improve understanding, and demonstrate improved patient outcomes are limited. Our study aim was to evaluate and report on learner knowledge improvement and intent to implement behavior change, and validate the benefits of the You and Lung Cancer website and YouTube resources. Our study occurred from November 2017 to December 2023.

[Online quizzes for practice and assessment of pharmacotherapeutic knowledge during clinical courses in medical school - a pilot study in the psychiatry and neurology courses].

In this study, we developed auto-graded quizzes for practice and for summative assessment, covering drugs of relevance in the undergraduate clinical psychiatry and neurology courses in medical school. The underlying intention was to combine repetition of theoretical aspects and promoting progression to the clinical context. The quizzes were implemented in two steps.

[Psychotherapeutic burnout interventions-an umbrella review].

Background: Although burnout is not an F‑Diagnosis in the ICD-11, many people are suffering from it. This has many economic and health-related consequences, because burnout is closely tied to an inability to work and significant secondary illnesses. This article provides an umbrella review of therapy approaches for burnout that have already been used and evaluated and shows in which areas there are promising, but still little researched, therapeutic support options for those affected.

General Obesity and Prostate Cancer in Relation to Abdominal Obesity and Ethnic Groups: A US Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Research suggests inconsistent evidence regarding the association between general obesity and prostate cancer among men in the United States. This study aimed to examine whether the association between general obesity and prostate cancer is influenced by abdominal obesity and ethnic groups.

Methods: The study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

REAL AD-Validation of a realistic screening approach for early Alzheimer's disease.

Early diagnosis is crucial to treatment success. This is especially relevant for Alzheimer's disease (AD), with its protracted preclinical phase. Most health care systems do not have the resources to conduct large-scale AD screenings in middle-aged individuals in need of novel AD treatment options and early, accurate diagnosis.

Data collection methods for patient-reported outcome measures in cancer randomised controlled trials: a protocol for a rapid scoping review.

Background: There are different modes and ways to assess patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in clinical trials. However, there is little systematic information on how often different modes of assessment (MOA) are used in cancer clinical trials and how exactly assessments are conducted. The goal of this scoping review is to gain an understanding of the MOA and data management of PROs in cancer randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and the reporting quality thereof.