Lost ecosystem service costs and impact fees: Modelling scenarios for oil and gas development on U.S. public land.

The U.S. Department of Interior's Bureau of Land Management regulates oil and gas development on 23 million acres of U.

Mannose receptor (MRC1) mediates uptake of dextran by bone marrow-derived macrophages.

Macrophages survey their environment using receptor-mediated endocytosis and pinocytosis. Receptor-mediated endocytosis allows internalization of specific ligands, whereas pinocytosis nonselectively internalizes extracellular fluids and solutes. CRISPR/Cas9 whole-genome screens were used to identify genes regulating constitutive and growth factor-stimulated dextran uptake in murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM).

Mannose receptor (MRC1) mediates uptake of dextran in macrophages via receptor-mediated endocytosis.

Unlabelled: Macrophages maintain surveillance of their environment using receptor-mediated endocytosis and pinocytosis. Receptor-mediated endocytosis allows macrophages to recognize and internalize specific ligands whereas macropinocytosis non-selectively internalizes extracellular fluids and solutes. Here, CRISPR/Cas9 whole-genome screens were used to identify genes regulating constitutive and growth factor-stimulated dextran uptake in murine bone-marrow derived macrophages (BMDM).

PlasmidEC and gplas2: an optimized short-read approach to predict and reconstruct antibiotic resistance plasmids in .

Accurate reconstruction of antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) plasmids from Illumina sequencing data has proven to be a challenge with current bioinformatic tools. In this work, we present an improved method to reconstruct plasmids using short reads. We developed plasmidEC, an ensemble classifier that identifies plasmid-derived contigs by combining the output of three different binary classification tools.

Antibody surface mobility amplifies FcγR signaling via Arp2/3 during phagocytosis.

We report herein that the anti-CD20 therapeutic antibody, rituximab, is rearranged into microclusters within the phagocytic synapse by macrophage Fcγ receptors (FcγR) during antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis. These microclusters were observed to potently recruit Syk and to undergo rearrangements that were limited by the cytoskeleton of the target cell, with depolymerization of target-cell actin filaments leading to modest increases in phagocytic efficiency. Total internal reflection fluorescence analysis revealed that FcγR total phosphorylation, Syk phosphorylation, and Syk recruitment were enhanced when IgG-FcγR microclustering was enabled on fluid bilayers relative to immobile bilayers in a process that required Arp2/3.

Metagenomic assembly is the main bottleneck in the identification of mobile genetic elements.

Antimicrobial resistance genes (ARG) are commonly found on acquired mobile genetic elements (MGEs) such as plasmids or transposons. Understanding the spread of resistance genes associated with mobile elements (mARGs) across different hosts and environments requires linking ARGs to the existing mobile reservoir within bacterial communities. However, reconstructing mARGs in metagenomic data from diverse ecosystems poses computational challenges, including genome fragment reconstruction (assembly), high-throughput annotation of MGEs, and identification of their association with ARGs.

The ubiquitin ligases Cbl and Cbl-b regulate macrophage growth by controlling CSF-1R import into macropinosomes.

The ubiquitination of transmembrane receptors regulates endocytosis, intracellular traffic, and signal transduction. Bone marrow-derived macrophages from myeloid Cbl and Cbl-b double knockout (DKO) mice display sustained proliferation mirroring the myeloproliferative disease that these mice succumb to. Here, we found that the ubiquitin ligases Cbl and Cbl-b have overlapping functions for controlling the endocytosis and intracellular traffic of the CSF-1R.

Whole genome CRISPR screening strategy to identify genes contributing to SARS-CoV-2 spike and VSV-G mediated entry.

Understanding the cellular host factors that promote and inhibit viral entry is important for identifying viral countermeasures. CRISPR whole-genome screens can be used to rapidly discover host factors that contribute to or impair viral entry. However, when using live viruses and cellular lethality for selection, these screens can identify an overwhelming number of genes without specificity for the stage of the viral infection cycle.

Access to Palliative Care Services: Innovative Development of a Statewide Network.

In 2018, the Avera Sacred Heart Hospital and two partners were awarded a planning grant to improve palliative health care services in South Dakota (SD), United States, by assessing palliative care in rural SD communities. Through this effort, a newly formed South Dakota Palliative Care Network (SDPCN) convened statewide partners to develop a palliative care strategy for improving quality palliative care access for individuals with serious illness. Guided by a multidisciplinary governing board, the SDPCN completed needs assessments to (1) better understand the perception of palliative care in SD; (2) assess the palliative care landscape in the state; and (3) explore possible solutions to address the uneven access to palliative care.

Sterols lower energetic barriers of membrane bending and fission necessary for efficient clathrin-mediated endocytosis.

Clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) is critical for cellular signal transduction, receptor recycling, and membrane homeostasis in mammalian cells. Acute depletion of cholesterol disrupts CME, motivating analysis of CME dynamics in the context of human disorders of cholesterol metabolism. We report that inhibition of post-squalene cholesterol biosynthesis impairs CME.

The structural dynamics of macropinosome formation and PI3-kinase-mediated sealing revealed by lattice light sheet microscopy.

Macropinosomes are formed by shaping actin-rich plasma membrane ruffles into large intracellular organelles in a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-coordinated manner. Here, we utilize lattice lightsheet microscopy and image visualization methods to map the three-dimensional structure and dynamics of macropinosome formation relative to PI3K activity. We show that multiple ruffling morphologies produce macropinosomes and that the majority form through collisions of adjacent PI3K-rich ruffles.

E-cigarette Use Among Youth: Results from the 2019 South Dakota Youth Tobacco Survey.

Background: The prevalence of e-cigarette use among youth is increasing in an alarming rate nationwide with over 5 million students currently using e-cigarettes in 2019. To better understand e-cigarette use in South Dakota, we examined the prevalence, access, reasons, and harm perception of e-cigarette among South Dakota youth.

Methods: We analyzed a representative sample of sixth to eighth grade students from the 2019 South Dakota Youth Tobacco Survey (YTS).

Perceptions of Palliative Care: Voices From Rural South Dakota.

Objectives: This study aimed to explore health professional, patient, family, and caregiver perceptions of palliative care, availability of palliative care services to patients across South Dakota, and consistency and quality of palliative care delivery.

Methods: Six focus groups were conducted over two months. Participants included interprofessional healthcare team members, patients, family members of patients, and caregivers.

Fungal metabarcoding data integration framework for the MycoDiversity DataBase (MDDB).

Fungi have crucial roles in ecosystems, and are important associates for many organisms. They are adapted to a wide variety of habitats, however their global distribution and diversity remains poorly documented. The exponential growth of DNA barcode information retrieved from the environment is assisting considerably the traditional ways for unraveling fungal diversity and detection.

Increasing Rates of Human Pipillomavirus Vaccination in Family Practice: A Quality Improvement Project.

Introduction: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention updated recommendations for human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine in 2016. National and statewide statistics indicate that HPV vaccination in the adolescent population is well below the administration rates for other vaccines. Because cancers associated with HPV infection are vaccine preventable, low administration rates are a cause for concern.

Survivorship Care Plans: Health Actions Taken and Satisfaction After Use.

Objectives: To examine the use of and assess patient satisfaction with survivorship care plans (SCPs).

Sample & Setting: 189 cancer survivors recruited from five cancer treatment center locations (Avera Cancer Institute in Aberdeen, Mitchell, Sioux Falls, and Yankton; Sanford Cancer Center in Sioux Falls) and one auxiliary specialty center (Urology Specialists in Sioux Falls), all in South Dakota.

Methods & Variables: A written survey was completed by participants before and three months after receiving an SCP.

Generation of a CLTA reporter human induced pluripotent stem cell line, CRMi001-A-1, using the CRISPR/Cas9 system to monitor endogenous clathrin trafficking.

The most highly studied endocytic pathway, clathrin-dependent endocytosis, mediates a wide range of fundamental processes including nutrient internalization, receptor recycling, and signal transduction. In order to model tissue specific and developmental aspects of this process, CRISPR/Cas9 genomic editing was utilized to fluorescently label the C-terminus of clathrin light chain A (CLTA) within the phenotypically normal, parental CRMi001-A human induced pluripotent stem cell line. Successfully edited cells were isolated by fluorescently activated cell sorting, remained karyotypically normal, and maintained their differentiation potential.

Cancer survivorship care plans: Processes, effective strategies, and challenges in a Northern Plains rural state.

Objectives: Health systems face resource and time barriers to developing and implementing cancer survivorship care plans (SCPs) when active cancer treatment is completed. To address this problem, the South Dakota (SD) Department of Health partnered with two of SD's largest health systems to create the SD Survivorship Program. The purpose of this program evaluation study was to describe and compare SCP development and implementation at the two health systems.

Membrane bending occurs at all stages of clathrin-coat assembly and defines endocytic dynamics.

Clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) internalizes plasma membrane by reshaping small regions of the cell surface into spherical vesicles. The key mechanistic question of how coat assembly produces membrane curvature has been studied with molecular and cellular structural biology approaches, without direct visualization of the process in living cells; resulting in two competing models for membrane bending. Here we use polarized total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy (pol-TIRF) combined with electron, atomic force, and super-resolution optical microscopy to measure membrane curvature during CME.

Both cytopathic and non-cytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) induced autophagy at a similar rate.

Unlabelled: Autophagy is a cellular process that maintains cellular homeostasis by the proteolytic recycling of cytoplasm. Autophagy occurs at basal levels in almost all cells. It is upregulated in cellular stress including starvation, oxidative stress or during infection.

Candidate genes for shell colour polymorphism in .

The characteristic ground colour and banding patterns on shells of the land snail form a classic study system for genetics and adaptation as it varies widely between individuals. We use RNAseq analysis to identify candidate genes underlying this polymorphism. We sequenced cDNA from the foot and the mantle (the shell-producing tissue) of four individuals of two phenotypes and produced a transcriptome of 147,397 contigs.

Understanding Women's Awareness and Access to Preconception Health Care in a Rural Population: A Cross Sectional Study.

Despite evidence of the benefits of preconception health care (PCHC), little is known about awareness and access to PCHC for rural, reproductive-aged women. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of PCHC conversations between rural reproductive-age women and health care providers, PCHC interventions received in the past year, and ascertain predictors of PCHC conversations and interventions. Women (n = 868; 18-45 years) completed a questionnaire including reproductive history, health care services utilization, and interest in PCHC.