Vaping-Associated Lung Injury During COVID-19 Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome Outbreak.

Background: E-cigarette or vaping product use-associated lung injury (EVALI) is a complex inflammatory syndrome predominantly seen in adolescents and young adults. The clinical and laboratory profile can easily mimic infectious and noninfectious conditions. The exclusion of these conditions is essential to establish the diagnosis.

A Novel Pediatric Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

In late March and early April, New York City was an epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic. Citizens were ordered to stay at home to flatten the curve. The adult population was affected with a severe respiratory illness as well as acute kidney injury, cardiomyopathy, arrhythmia, and thromboembolism.

Endotracheal Administered Epinephrine Is Effective in Return of Spontaneous Circulation Within a Pediatric Swine Hypovolemic Cardiac Arrest Model.

Objective: Early administration of epinephrine increases the incidence of return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and improves outcomes among pediatric cardiac arrest victims. Rapid endotracheal (ET) intubation can facilitate early administration of epinephrine to pediatric victims. To date, no studies have evaluated the use of ET epinephrine in a pediatric hypovolemic cardiac arrest model to determine the incidence of ROSC.

Tibial Intraosseous Administration of Epinephrine Is Effective in Restoring Return of Spontaneous Circulation in a Pediatric Normovolemic But Not Hypovolemic Cardiac Arrest Model.

Objective: We compared the efficacy of tibial intraosseous (TIO) administration of epinephrine in a pediatric normovolemic versus hypovolemic cardiac arrest model to determine the incidence of return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and plasma epinephrine concentrations over time.

Methods: This experimental study evaluated the pharmacokinetics of epinephrine and/or incidence of ROSC after TIO administration in either a normovolemic or hypovolemic pediatric swine model.

Results: All subjects in the TIO normovolemia cardiac arrest group experienced ROSC after TIO administration of epinephrine.

Acute gastroenteritis: evidence-based management of pediatric patients.

Although most cases of acute gastroenteritis require minimal medical intervention, severe dehydration and hypoglycemia may develop in cases of prolonged vomiting and diarrhea. The mainstay of treatment for mild-to-moderately dehydrated patients with acute gastroenteritis should be oral rehydration solution. Antiemetics allow for improved tolerance of oral rehydration solution, and, when used appropriately, can decrease the need for intravenous fluids and hospitalization.

Value of Focused Appendicitis Ultrasound and Alvarado Score in Predicting Appendicitis in Children: Can We Reduce the Use of CT?

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of focused appendicitis ultrasound combined with Alvarado score to accurately identify appendicitis in children in whom it is suspected, thereby reducing unnecessary CT examinations and associated radiation exposure.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the focused appendicitis ultrasound, CT, clinical, and laboratory findings of 522 consecutively registered children (231 boys, 291 girls; mean age, 13.04 [SD, 5.

Low-risk criteria for pelvic radiography in pediatric blunt trauma patients.

Context: The American College of Surgeons recommends that any patient with blunt trauma undergoes radiographic evaluation, including a radiograph of the pelvis. Studies have questioned the use of such routine pelvic radiographs (PXR) in pediatrics. Selective elimination of PXR would save time, money and unshielded radiation exposure to the gonads.

Perception and attitude of providers toward pain and anxiety associated with pediatric vaccine injection.

Despite the many options available for control of the pain and anxiety during vaccine injections, they are not often used. A total of 70 primary care providers (PCPs) were asked to rate their perception of pain and anxiety associated with vaccine injection in an average 4- to 6-year-old using a visual analog scale-0 (no pain/anxiety) to 10 (very severe pain/anxiety)-as well as perceived barriers. The mean PCPs' perception of pain associated with vaccine injection was 5.