Assessment of toxicity and oxidative DNA damage of sodium hypochlorite, chitosan and propolis on fibroblast cells.

The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity on human fibroblast cell lines of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), chitosan and propolis as root canal irrigating solutions. Human fibroblast cells were exposed to chitosan, propolis and NaOCl for 4 and 24 h. Cell viability was assessed by 2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide, and oxidative DNA damage was assessed by determination of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) level with an ELISA kit.

Maxillary first premolars with three root canals: two case reports.

It is very important that the dentists have sufficient information about possible variations in the expected root canal configurations in order to achieve success in endodontic treatment. In addition to having adequate knowledge on the variations of the root canal anatomy, periapical radiographs from different angles, careful examination of the pulp chamber floor, and use of dental operation microscope during the procedure are also important factors that contribute to the diagnosis of the additional roots and canals. The aims of this article are to present the diagnostic approach and root canal treatments of two maxillary first premolar teeth with three canals in two patients.

Evaluation of bacterial microleakage of root canals irrigated with different irrigation solutions and KTP laser system.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate bacterial microleakage of the root canals irrigated with different irrigation solutions and the potassium-titanyl-phosphate (KTP) laser system and filled with gutta-percha and AH26 root canal sealer. In addition, the effect of the irrigation solutions on dentin surface was evaluated with a scanning electron microscope (SEM).

Background Data: A few studies have reported that KTP laser has the capacity to remove the smear layer.

Apical extrusion of intracanal debris and irrigant following use of various instrumentation techniques.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare in vitro the amount of debris and irrigant extruded apically from extracted teeth, using manual technique and crowndown pressureless technique by K3, RaCe, and FlexMaster instruments.

Study Design: Sixty human single-rooted mandibular premolar teeth were randomly assigned to 4 groups, 15 teeth each. The teeth in 4 groups were instrumented until the working length with RaCe, K3, FlexMaster, and K-type stainless steel instruments respectively.

Effect of gingiva on laser doppler pulpal blood flow measurements.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of labial and palatinal gingiva on laser Doppler pulpal blood flow measurements. Twenty upper central incisor teeth determined to be vital from 20 volunteers were included into the study. To stabilize the probe, a laboratory-made acrylic splint positioned the probe labially on the cervical third of the tooth crown.

The sources of laser Doppler blood-flow signals recorded from vital and root canal treated teeth.

Objectives: The aim was to determine the strength of signals derived from the dental pulp and those from the surrounding tissues in human teeth using the laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF).

Methods: Twenty-six vital teeth (13 experimental and 13 controls) from 12 patients were used. Experimental teeth had root canal treatment in a single visit and their healthy antimeres were controls.