Influence of commercial adhesive with/without silane on the bond strength of resin-based composite repaired within twenty-four hours.

Background/purpose: It is not clear whether the ground surface of resin-based composite (RBC) polymerized requires the application of an adhesive with/without a silane to improve bond strength. This study investigated the bond strength of RBC repaired within 24 h via the application of adhesive with/without a silane.

Materials And Methods: Seventy RBC blocks were prepared and assigned to either 0 or 24 h repair stage.

The impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on the utilization of dental services and attitudes of dental residents at the emergency department of a medical center in Taiwan.

Background/purpose: Dental visits are a high risk activity during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study investigated the utilization of emergency dental services and clinical practical attitudes of dental residents in this period.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective chart data from 13th November 2019 to 31st March 2020 in Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Taiwan were used.

A Study of Low Young's Modulus Ti-15Ta-15Nb Alloy Using TEM Analysis.

The microstructural characteristics and Young's modulus of the as-cast Ti-15Ta-15Nb alloy are reported in this study. On the basis of the examined XRD and TEM results, the microstructure of the current alloy is essentially a mixture (α + β+ α' + α″ + ω + H) phase. The new H phase has not previously been identified as a known phase in the Ti-Ta-Nb alloy system.

Effect of toothbrush/dentifrice abrasion on weight variation, surface roughness, surface morphology and hardness of conventional and CAD/CAM denture base materials.

We evaluated the effect of toothbrush/dentifrice brushing on the weight variation and surface properties of different denture bases. Four denture base materials (conventional heat cure, high impact, CAD/CAM, and polyamide resins) were subjected to toothbrushing abrasion (50,000 strokes). The weight value, surface roughness, and topography of each group were determined before and after toothbrushing.

Redox control in the pathophysiology of influenza virus infection.

Triggered in response to external and internal ligands in cells and animals, redox homeostasis is transmitted via signal molecules involved in defense redox mechanisms through networks of cell proliferation, differentiation, intracellular detoxification, bacterial infection, and immune reactions. Cellular oxidation is not necessarily harmful per se, but its effects depend on the balance between the peroxidation and antioxidation cascades, which can vary according to the stimulus and serve to maintain oxygen homeostasis. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are generated during influenza virus (IV) infection have critical effects on both the virus and host cells.

Photobiomodulation therapy inhibits oral submucous fibrosis in mice.

Objectives: Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a chronic inflammatory disease and a potentially malignant oral disorder. However, the best therapeutic treatment for OSMF remains uncertain. Our previous study showed that photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy and forskolin could reduce arecoline-induced fibrosis reactions via the cAMP pathway.

Influence of cavity depth and restoration of non-carious cervical root lesions on strain distribution from various loading sites.

Background: We aimed to investigate the load-induced strain variation in teeth with unrestored and resin-based composite restored non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs).

Methods: Twelve extracted premolars were provided for measuring buccal-side root NCCLs. Strain gauges were fixed at four measuring sites of each tooth, two at the buccal surface and two at the lingual surface.

Effect of TiCu precipitation on antibacterial property of Ti-5Cu alloy.

To instill pure Ti with an antibacterial effect, Cu was added by metallurgical alloying to produce Ti-5 wt% Cu alloy (Ti-5Cu alloy). The precipitation of the likes of TiCu in a Ti-Cu alloy is one of the factors that influences its antibacterial property. However, in the present study, Ti-5Cu alloy precipitates with different microstructures were obtained by applying heat treatment at different temperatures and for different durations.

Influence of the acidity of electrolyzed water on the microhardness of inner layer dentin.

Background/purpose: Electrolyzed water has been identified as an effective disinfectant that could represent as an alternative to sodium hypochlorite. Unfortunately, it remains unclear whether the texture or physical properties of dentin are affected by the application of electrolyzed water of different acidities. This study was aimed to assess the influence of electrolyzed waters with differing pHs on the demineralizing of inner dentin.

Intensity of singular stress fields of wedge-shaped defect in human tooth due to occlusal force before and after restoration with composite resins.

Wedge-shaped defects are frequently observed on the cervical region of the human tooth. Previously, most studies explained that improper tooth-brushing causes such defects. However, recent clinical observation suggested that the repeated stress due to occlusal force may induce the formation of these wedge-shaped defects.

Milling properties of low temperature sintered zirconia blocks for dental use.

To investigate the milling properties of different yttria-tetragonal zirconia polycrystalline (Y-TZP) block materials by applying a dental computer numerical control (CNC) milling center. Low temperature sintering zirconia block denoted by KMUZ (experimental) with two commercial zirconia blocks for T block made in Taiwan and a G block made in Germany were compared for the milling properties. Seventy-two specimens were milled using the same CNC milling center, and properties were evaluated by measuring the weight loss (g), milling time (s), margin integrity (%) and broken diameter (μm).

Relationship between Frontal Gap and Postoperative Stability in the Treatment of Mandibular Prognathism.

. To investigate the correlation between frontal gaps and skeletal stability after intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy (IVRO) for correction of mandibular prognathism. .

Effect of different acidities of electrolyzed water on dentin surface roughness, decalcification and microhardness -a preliminary study.

This study investigated the exposed coronal superficial dentin of 28 human molars were immersed in strongly acidic electrolyzed water (AW group), neutral electrolyzed water (NW group), 5% sodium hypochlorite (negative control, NL group), or deionized water (positive control, DW group). Microhardness was determined at 5-min intervals for 60 min. Surface roughness, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy analyses were performed after 5 and 60 min.

Positive Feedback Loop of OCT4 and c-JUN Expedites Cancer Stemness in Liver Cancer.

The network of stemness genes and oncogenes in human patient-specific reprogrammed cancer stem cells (CSCs) remains elusive, especially in liver cancer. HepG2-derived induced pluripotent stem cell-like cells (HepG2-iPS-like cells) were generated by introducing Yamanaka factors and the knockdown vector shTP53. They exhibited features of stemness and a higher tumorigenesis after xenograft transplantation compared with HepG2 cells.

Oncogenic function of the homeobox A13-long noncoding RNA HOTTIP-insulin growth factor-binding protein 3 axis in human gastric cancer.

To study the mechanisms of gastric tumorigenesis, we have established CSN cell line from human normal gastric mucosa, and CS12, a tumorigenic and invasive gastric cancer cell line from CSN passages. Many stem cell markers were expressed in both CSN and CS12 cells, but LGR5 and NANOG were expressed only in CS12 cells. Increased expression of homeobox A13 (HoxA13) and its downstream cascades was significant for the tumorigenic activity of CS12 cells, and was associated with recruitment of E2F-1 to HoxA13 promoter accompanied with increased trimethylation of histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4me3) at the hypomethylated E2F motifs.

Are Hyoid Bone and Tongue the Risk Factors Contributing to Postoperative Relapse for Mandibular Prognathism?

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate postoperative stability and the correlation between hyoid, tongue, and mandible position following surgery for mandibular prognathism.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-seven patients, treated for mandibular prognathism using intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy (IVRO), were evaluated cephalometrically. A set of four standardized lateral cephalograms were obtained from each subject preoperatively (T1), immediately postoperatively (T2), six weeks to three months postoperatively (T3), and more than one year postoperatively (T4).

Application of neutral electrolyzed water to disinfection of alginate impression.

Neutral electrolyzed water was developed with new concepts of long-term good durability and minimum corrosiveness to metal in addition to its excellent bactericidal activities similar to acid type of electrolyzed waters. The present study examined the bactericidal effects of the neutral electrolyzed water on disinfection of the alginate impression of a dental arch model contaminated by bacteria. Only 1-min immersion in neutral electrolyzed water could sufficiently disinfect the alginate impression including the metallic tray under ultrasonic with no significant differences from acid electrolyzed waters.

Intraoperative Hemorrhage and Postoperative Sequelae after Intraoral Vertical Ramus Osteotomy to Treat Mandibular Prognathism.

Objective. To investigate the factors affecting intraoperative hemorrhage and postoperative sequelae after orthognathic surgery. Materials and Methods.

Correlation Between Blood Loss and Patient-Related Factors in the Bilateral Parasymphyseal Osteotomy.

The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between pre- and postsurgical loss of blood and blood components among patients undergoing treatment of facial deformities by bilateral parasymphyseal osteotomy (BPsO).The pre- and postoperative values of blood components were determined in 30 facial deformity patients who underwent orthognathic surgery by hypotensive anesthesia. Correlations among the blood loss, sex, age, operation time, and reduced values of blood components were assessed by a correlation matrix.

Correlation between the Pharyngeal Airway Space and Head Posture after Surgery for Mandibular Prognathism.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between the pharyngeal airway space and head posture after mandibular setback surgery for mandibular prognathism.

Materials And Methods: Serial lateral cephalograms of 37 patients with mandibular prognathism who underwent intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy (IVRO) were evaluated before (T1) and immediately (T2), between 6 weeks and 3 months (T3), and more than 1 year (T4) after surgery. Paired t-tests and Pearson's correlation analysis were used to evaluate the postoperative changes in all cephalometric parameters, including the mandible, hyoid, head posture (craniocervical angle), and pharyngeal airway space.

Expression of a splice variant of CYP26B1 in betel quid-related oral cancer.

Betel quid (BQ) is a psychostimulant, an addictive substance, and a group 1 carcinogen that exhibits the potential to induce adverse health effects. Approximately, 600 million users chew a variety of BQ. Areca nut (AN) is a necessary ingredient in BQ products.

Analysis of maximum mouth opening and its related factors in 3- to 5-year-old Taiwanese children.

Maximum mouth opening (MMO) can reflect the function of the dentofacial musculature and joint system, and routine oral examinations should include its assessment. To diagnose abnormalities using MMO measurements, it is necessary to establish the normal range of MMO; however, few studies have investigated this subject in Taiwan. Therefore, the purposes of this study were to determine the normal MMO range in 3- to 5-year-old preschool children and to investigate the factors correlated with MMO.

Dental application of novel finite element analysis software for three-dimensional finite element modeling of a dentulous mandible from its computed tomography images.

This study focused on the application of novel finite-element analysis software for constructing a finite-element model from the computed tomography data of a human dentulous mandible. The finite-element model is necessary for evaluating the mechanical response of the alveolar part of the mandible, resulting from occlusal force applied to the teeth during biting. Commercially available patient-specific general computed tomography-based finite-element analysis software was solely applied to the finite-element analysis for the extraction of computed tomography data.

Detrimental effects of maternal lead exposure during pregnancy and lactation on molar development in the young rat.

The purpose of this animal study was to investigate the influence of maternal lead exposure during pregnancy and lactation on molar development in the offspring. Scanning electron microscopy revealed no significant differences in the molar morphology among the groups. However, in all the experimental groups, deep, wide cracks were found in the occlusal enamel.