Astaxanthin Increases Tumor Suppressor Gene Expression and Affects Cellular Biological Behavior in Oral Dysplastic Keratinocytes by Regulating DNA Methylation.

Background: The inactivation of tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) caused by abnormal DNA methylation is confirmed to be widely present in oral potential malignant diseases (OPMDs). Carotenoids like lycopene and astaxanthin can regulate DNA methylation and exert anticancer effects. Therapeutic effect of astaxanthin in OPMDs and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) models is confirmed, but the relationship between the anti-cancer ability of astaxanthin and its DNA methylation regulation ability remains unclear.

Bimetallic nanozymes for effectively removing Enterococcus faecalis biofilms in pulp and periapical infection treatment.

Pulpal and periapical infections, primarily caused by the biofilms of Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis), pose significant challenges due to their resistance to eradication, making them prevalent oral health concerns. Herein, we synthesized a bimetallic Zn-Fe nanozymes (ZFNs) with enhanced peroxidase-like (POD-like) activity, capable of activating hydrogen peroxide (HO) into highly reactive hydroxyl radicals to combat E.

[An in vitro experiment on the stability and irritant of hypochlorous acid in oral cavity].

Purpose: To study the stability of physicochemical properties and sterilizing effect about two commercially available hypochlorous acid (HClO) products under simulated clinical conditions, and to evaluate the compatibility of HClO on soft and hard tissues and cells in oral cavity.

Methods: Samples of HClO solution with different production processes were prepared, to detect the changes of physicochemical indexes of each sample over time under simulated clinical conditions (shielded from light at 20-25 ℃, open the cover for 5 minutes every day), including free available chlorine, oxidation-reduction potential and pH. Through suspension quantitative germicidal test, the antibiosis-concentration curve of HClO solution was made, so as to calibrate the change of antibacterial ability of disinfectant with the decrease of available chlorine content during storage.

Recent Advances in Functional Hydrogels for Treating Dental Hard Tissue and Endodontic Diseases.

Oral health is the basis of human health, and almost everyone has been affected by oral diseases. Among them, endodontic disease is one of the most common oral diseases. Limited by the characteristics of oral biomaterials, clinical methods for endodontic disease treatment still face large challenges in terms of reliability and stability.

Heavy metal-tolerant bacteria Bacillus cereus BCS1 degrades pyrethroid in a soil-plant system.

The heightened concern about the environmental impacts of pollutants drives interest in reducing their threats to humans and the environment. Bioremediating polluted sites under environmental stresses like biotic and abiotic poses significant challenges. This study aimed to isolate a bacterium that effectively degrades pyrethroids even under abiotic stresses involving heavy metals and biotic stresses with autochthonous factors.

Effect of mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor on the inflammatory response in human gingival fibroblasts cells.

Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) is a unique member of the neurotrophic factor family residing in the endoplasmic reticulum, where it functions as a stress response protein maintaining endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis, in addition to being secreted extracellularly as a neurotrophic factor to bind with receptors to initiate intracellular signal transduction pathways. Interestingly, MANF has shown an important protective role in the inflammatory response of many diseases. In neural stem cells, pancreatic β cells, and retinal cells, MANF can inhibit the inflammatory response, modulate the immune response, and promote tissue repair.

Quorum sensing system effectively enhances DegU-mediated degradation of pyrethroids by Bacillus subtilis.

The contamination of the natural environment is a growing concern that threatens all life forms, including microorganisms. Bacteria protect themselves by initiating quorum sensing (QS), a bacterial cell-cell communication, to generate adaptive responses to these pollutants. Bacillus subtilis has a typical QS ComQXPA system that regulates the phosphorylation of the transcription factor DegU (DegU-P), and thus can mediate the expression of various downstream genes under different stress conditions.

Endodontic treatment of the mandibular first molar with six root canals: A case report and literature review.

The mandibular first molars normally have three or four root canals and rarely have five or more root canals. The present study reported a rare anatomical configuration with six root canals in the mandibular right first molar diagnosed during endodontic treatment using a dental operating microscope and confirmed with the help of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. The present case report revealed that there is an increasing possibility of detecting additional canals through the magnification of the microscope and the improvement of CBCT diagnostic technology.

Bactericidal Efficacy of Photon-Induced Photoacoustic Streaming-Erbium:Yttrium-Aluminum-Garnet Laser Combined with Irrigation Solution on in Curved Root Canals: An Study.

This experiment aimed to study the bactericidal effect of photon-induced photoacoustic streaming (PIPS)-erbium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Er:YAG) laser on in curved root canals. Sixty-two molars with moderately curved roots (10°-20°) and 62 molars with severely curved roots (25°-40°; one root was selected in each tooth) were assigned to group A and group B, respectively. A curved root canal model with infection was established.

Osteoprotegerin/receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand are involved in periodontitis-promoted vascular calcification.

The present study explored the potential role of osteoprotegerin (OPG)/receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (RANK)/receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) in promoting vascular calcification by periodontitis. Thirty-six male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to four groups to establish animal models as follows: the sham group (group C), vascular calcification group (group VDN), periodontitis group (group CP), and test group (group CP+VDN). After eight weeks, all the rats were sacrificed.

Breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 regulates oxidative damage via nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 in oral cancer cells.

Objective: To determine whether the breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 (BRCA1) regulates oxidative damage in oral cancer cells by interacting with nuclear factor erythroid 2-like 2 (NRF2).

Design: The BRCA1 gene was silenced in CAL-27 and DOK cells using specific shRNA, and NRF2 was activated with sulforaphane. The expression levels of BRCA1, NRF2 and its target genes were assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting.

Effect of endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis in the role of periodontitis on vascular calcification in a rat model.

The present study aimed to investigate the mechanism(s) through which endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-induced apoptosis, in the role of periodontitis, affects vascular calcification. Rat models of periodontitis, vascular calcification, periodontitis-vascular calcification, and a normal group were established. Cardiovascular tissues were obtained, and hematoxylin-eosin staining was applied to demonstrate the morphological changes in vascular tissues.

Effect of lipopolysaccharide on calcification of human umbilical artery smooth muscle cells co-cultured with human periodontal ligament cells.

Periodontitis is an independent risk factor for coronary heart disease. lipopolysaccharide (Pg-LPS) was considered to be one of the main virulence factors. In addition, vascular smooth muscle cells transform into osteoblast-like cells in an arterial calcification process under chronic inflammatory conditions.

In-vivo imaging revealed antigen-directed gingival B10 infiltration in experimental periodontitis.

Our previous study demonstrated that IL-10 secreting B (B10) cells alleviate inflammation and bone loss in experimental periodontitis. The purpose of this study is to determine whether antigen-specificity is required for the local infiltration of B10 cells. Experimental periodontitis was induced in the recipient mice by placement of silk ligature with or without the presence of live Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.

Mutual promotions between periodontitis and vascular calcification by rat animal model.

Objective And Background: To study the relationship between periodontitis and vascular calcification by establishing rat model of chronic periodontitis and vascular calcification.

Methods: Forty male Wistar rats were divided into four groups randomly: control group, periodontitis group, vascular calcification group, and compound periodontitis and calcification group. Each group rats accepted the corresponding manages to establish the animal model.

RANKL blockade alleviates peri-implant bone loss and is enhanced by anti-inflammatory microRNA-146a through TLR2/4 signaling.

Background: The present study was to determine the effect of local anti-RANKL antibody administration in the presence or absence of microRNA-146a on ligature-induced peri-implant bone resorption, and the potential role of TLR2/4 signaling in such effect.

Results: Titanium implants were placed in the left maxilla alveolar bone 6 weeks after extraction of first and second molars in C57/BL6 wild-type (WT) and TLR2 TLR4 (TLR2/4 KO) mice. Silk ligatures were tied around the implants 4 weeks after implantation.

[Intramuscular type of nodular fasciitis: a report of 3 cases and review of literature].

Purpose: To retrospectively analyze the clinical characteristics of impacted supernumerary teeth in 115 patients.

Methods: One hundred and fifteen patients with im-pacted supernumerary teeth who were admitted to the Department of Oral and Max-illofacial Surgery of Hefei Stomatological Hospital were selected randomly. The age, sex, number of teeth, location, direction, clinical manifestation, anaes-thesia method and operation time were analyzed retrospectively, T test and Chi-square test were used to determine the statistical differences with SPSS 19.

MMP9 protects against LPS-induced inflammation in osteoblasts.

The matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family is widely involved in the destruction of the pulp and apical tissues in the inflammatory process. MMP9 is closely related to oral inflammation. Nevertheless, the specific function of MMP9 during oral inflammation, as well as its mechanism, is not well understood.

[Expression of OPG/RANK/RANKL in the rat dental pulp tissue of periodontitis combined with vascular calcification and its clinical significance].

Purpose: To study the expression and possible role of OPG/RANK/RANKLin the rat dental pulp of periodontitis combined with vascular calcification.

Methods: Thirty-six male Wister rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group(group C), periodontitis group(group CP), vascular calcification group(group VDN) and compound group(group CP+VDN). Each group underwent corresponding management to establish animal model.

[The effect of carboxymethyl chitosan zinc and peptide on IL-1,TNF-α and PGE-2 in gingival crevicular fluid of miniature pigs].

Purpose: This experiment was aimed at exploring whether carboxymethyl chitosan zinc and peptide （CMC-Zn(+)-P） can reduce the occurrence and development of periodontal tissue inflammation effectively by observing the change of IL-1,TNF-α and PGE-2 level in gingival crevicular fluid （GCF） before and after brushing, so as to find a new effective material in preventing and treating periodontal diseases.

Methods: Miniature pigs were selected as experimental subjects and divided into 4 groups randomly: the control group; CMC-Zn(+)-P group (material group);brushing group; brushing + CMC-Zn(+)-P group (composite group). Gingival crevicular fluid before and one month after the experiment was collected.

Porphyromonas gingivalis Lipopolysaccharide Stimulation of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Activates Proliferation and Calcification.

Background: Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) is a major etiologic agent of periodontitis, whose virulence has been attributed to different factors, including lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Vascular ectopic calcification as a well-known major risk factor for adverse cardiovascular diseases is a highly prevalent vascular pathophenotype, and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) play an important role in mediating vascular calcification. It was hypothesized that Pg-LPS may stimulate vascular calcification through a direct effect on VSMC function.

Co-culture with periodontal ligament stem cells enhanced osteoblastic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells and osteoclastic differentiation of RAW264.7 cells.

Objectives: Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) are characterized by having multipotential differentiation and immunoregulatory properties, which are the main mechanisms of PDLSCs-mediated periodontal regeneration. Periodontal or bone regeneration requires coordination of osteoblast and osteoclast, however, very little is known about the interactions between PDLSCs and osteoblast-like cells or osteoclast precursors. In this study, the indirect co-culture approach was introduced to preliminarily elucidate the effects of PDLSCs on differentiation of osteoblast-like cells and osteoclast precursors in vitro.

[Effect of lipopolysaccharide on the expression of ALP,BSP,DSPP in rat dental pulp cells].

Purpose: To study the changes of expression of dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP), bone sialoprotein (BSP) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in rat dental pulp cells, which were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS).

Methods: Rat dental pulp cells were cultured by the method of tissue block in vitro and identified. The cells were treated with Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.