Vitamin A and its influence on tumour extracellular matrix.

Vitamin A is a crucial nutrient renowned for its role in visual health and cellular regulation. Its derivatives influence cell differentiation, proliferation, and tissue homeostasis, making them significant in cancer research due to their effects on both normal and tumour cells. This review explores the intricate relationship between vitamin A metabolism and the extracellular matrix (ECM) in cancer.

The bioavailability and component characteristics of the aging dissolved organic matter (DOM) from the macroalgae Ulva prolifera in seawater.

The world's largest green tide, caused by Ulva prolifera, in the Yellow Sea negatively affects the social and economic development of China's coastal region. The dissolved organic matter (DOM) released from U. prolifera is a potential threat to the offshore ecological health.

System efficiency of methylmercury production, an important indicator for evaluating the long-term risk of mercury: From a case study in the Jiaozhou Bay to global coastal seas.

With the implementation of the Minamata Convention, total Hg (THg) in coastal seas are expected to be reduced. However, methylmercury (MeHg) levels in aquatic environments depend not only on THg, but also the system efficiency of MeHg production (represented by MeHg/THg ratio in seawater) whose variations with time remain unclear. By choosing the Jiaozhou Bay (JZB) as a typical coastal system, combined with the published data from the global coastal systems, system efficiency of MeHg production in coastal seas were investigated.

Deletion of Slc1a4 Suppresses Single Mauthner Cell Axon Regeneration In Vivo through Growth-Associated Protein 43.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a debilitating central nervous system (CNS) disorder that leads to significant motor and sensory impairments. Given the limited regenerative capacity of adult mammalian neurons, this study presents an innovative strategy to enhance axonal regeneration and functional recovery by identifying a novel factor that markedly promotes axonal regeneration. Employing a zebrafish model with targeted single axon injury in Mauthner cells (M-cells) and utilizing the Tg (Tol056: EGFP) transgenic line for in vivo monitoring, we investigate the intrinsic mechanisms underlying axonal regeneration.

Unraveling the determinants of traffic incident duration: A causal investigation using the framework of causal forests with debiased machine learning.

Predicting the duration of traffic incidents is challenging due to their stochastic nature. Accurate predictions can greatly benefit end-users by informing their route choices and safety warnings, while helping traffic operation managers more effectively manage non-recurrent traffic congestion and enhance road safety. This study conducts a comprehensive causal analysis of traffic incident duration using a data collected over a long time and including different types of roads across the city of Tianjin, China.

Phosphatase LHPP confers prostate cancer ferroptosis activation by modulating the AKT-SKP2-ACSL4 pathway.

LHPP, a novel, recognized tumor suppressor, exerts a critical influence on the regulation of tumor cell proliferation and survival by modulating various signaling pathways with its phosphatase activity. Here, we unveil a robust correlation between reduced LHPP expression and adverse prognosis in prostate cancer. We demonstrate that LHPP interacts with AKT, thereby dampening AKT phosphorylation and subsequently inhibiting ACSL4 phosphorylation at the T624 site.

SYT4 binds to SNAP25 to facilitate exosomal secretion and prostate cancer enzalutamide resistance.

Prostate carcinoma represents a predominant malignancy affecting the male population, with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) serving as a critical therapeutic modality for advanced disease states, but it often leads to the development of resistance. Enzalutamide (Enz), a second-generation antiandrogen drug, initially offers substantial therapeutic benefit, but its efficacy wanes as drug resistance ensues. In this study, we found that synaptotagmin 4 (SYT4) is an upregulated gene in enzalutamide-resistant (EnzR) cell lines.

8-Br-cGMP activates HSPB6 and increases the antineoplastic activity of quinidine in prostate cancer.

Heat shock protein family B [small] member 6 (HSPB6), widely found in various muscles, has been recently identified as a tumor suppressor gene. However, its role in prostate cancer remains unexplored. Herein, we investigated the expression of HSPB6 in prostate cancer and its association with prognosis.

Diatom-dinoflagellate succession in the Bohai Sea: The role of N/P ratios and dissolved organic nitrogen components.

Dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) is a pivotal component of total dissolved nitrogen pools, serving as a crucial nitrogen source for phytoplankton. This study investigated the impact of nitrogen-to-phosphorus (N/P) ratios and different DON components (hydrophilic vs hydrophobic DON) on diatom-dinoflagellate succession through field culture experiments. Results showed that dinoflagellates have a competitive advantage under high N/P ratios and phosphorus limitation, regardless of DON or DIN treatments.

TrkA promotes MDM2-mediated AGPS ubiquitination and degradation to trigger prostate cancer progression.

Background: As a novel necrosis manner, ferroptosis has been increasingly reported to play a role in tumor progression and treatment, however, the specific mechanisms underlying its development in prostate cancer remain unclear. Growing evidence showed that peroxisome plays a key role in ferroptosis. Herein, we identified a novel mechanism for the involvement of ferroptosis in prostate cancer progression, which may provide a new strategy for clinical treatment of prostate cancer.

Transcriptomic insights into UTUC: role of inflammatory fibrosis and potential for personalized treatment.

Background: Upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is a rare disease, belonging to the same category of urothelial cancers as bladder cancer (BC). Despite sharing similar non-surgical treatment modalities, UTUC demonstrates a higher metastasis propensity than BC. Furthermore, although both cancers exhibit similar molecular disease emergence mechanisms, sequencing data reveals some differences.

Antibody-drug conjugates in urinary tumors: clinical application, challenge, and perspectives.

Urinary tumors primarily consist of kidney, urothelial, and prostate malignancies, which pose significant treatment challenges, particularly in advanced stages. Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) have emerged as a promising therapeutic approach, combining monoclonal antibody specificity with cytotoxic chemotherapeutic payloads. This review highlights recent advancements, opportunities, and challenges in ADC application for urinary tumors.

Governance pathway for coastal eutrophication based on regime shifts in diatom-dinoflagellate composition of the Bohai and Baltic Seas.

Regime shifts in the diatom-dinoflagellate composition have occurred in the Baltic Sea (BS) and Bohai Sea (BHS) under eutrophication and have affected the entire coastal ecosystem, damaging the regulatory, provisioning, cultural, and supporting service functions of marine ecosystems. Therefore, finding a solution to restore the balance of phytoplankton community composition and mitigate eutrophication is of utmost importance. In this study, the Driver (per capita gross domestic product)-Pressure (terrestrial inputs)-State (seawater environmental parameters)-Impact (proportions of diatoms and dinoflagellates)-Response (eutrophication governance projects) framework served as a guide for our analysis of the causal relationship among various environmental components in the coastal system.

A simulation-optimization approach based on the compound eutrophication index to identify multi-nutrient allocated load.

Eutrophication with nutrient enrichment is a global marine ecosystem concern that threatens human health, economic activities, and ecosystem functions. Therefore, a nutrient load optimization method is required to help control marine eutrophication. However, eutrophication-based nutrient allocated load optimization is a multi-objective project due to a series of eutrophication pressures, such as cross-regional land-based nutrient loads and multi-nutrient regimes and ratios.

Prediction for recurrent non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.

Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) has a high recurrence rate, which places a significant burden on both patients and the healthcare system. Hence, it holds significant importance to predict the recurrence risk following treatment for individuals diagnosed with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). As new generation technologies continue to emerge, an increasing number of recurrence risk prediction tools are being developed and discovered.

Quality assessment of pre- and postnatal nutrition and exercise mobile applications in the United States and China.

Background: Mobile applications (apps) are becoming increasingly prevalent as tools for improving maternal health behaviors. However, the recently updated content and quality of these apps remain unknown. This research investigated the fundamental characteristics, functional modules, and overall quality of maternal apps available in the United States and China to reveal critical nutrition and physical activity gaps.

Effect of dissolved organic nutrients on the bloom of Prorocentrum donghaiense in the East China Sea coastal waters.

Prorocentrum donghaiense blooms occur annually in the East China Sea coastal waters, degrading ecosystem functions and impeding economic development. Dissolved organic nitrogen and phosphorus (DON and DOP) are the main components in the marine nutrient pools and are closely related to harmful algal blooms. From April to June 2019, a survey was conducted along the East China Sea coast (Sansha and Lianjiang counties) to investigate the relationship between dissolved organic nutrients and P.

Integrated water-quality management indicators from river to sea: A case study of the Bohai Sea, China.

Considering the interrelatedness of river and bay ecosystems, river and bay water quality management is shifting to integrated management across coastlines. Here, an integrated management indicator for the coordinated and efficient nitrogen abatement of the Bohai Sea and its basin was proposed. The terrigenous total nitrogen (TN) allocated load was optimized under the dual water quality constraints for both river and bay using a simulation-optimization method.

The Effects of Er Xian Decoction Combined with Baduanjin Exercise on Bone Mineral Density, Lower Limb Balance Function, and Mental Health in Women with Postmenopausal Osteoporosis: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) is a common disease in older women that can severely jeopardize their health. Previous studies have demonstrated the effect of Er xian decoction (EXD) or Baduanjin exercise (BE) on PMOP. However, reports on the effect of EXD combined with BE on PMOP are limited.

Studies on the Regulation and Molecular Mechanism of Panax Ginseng Saponins on Senescence and Related Behaviors of .

In an increasingly aged global population, achieving healthy life expectancy through natural and safe drug interventions is highly desirable. Here we show that total ginsenosides (TGGR), the main active components in the traditional Chinese medicine, ginseng, promote longevity across species. In , an intriguing effect of TGGR on lifespan was the relatively narrow treatment window to elicit long-term benefits.

The effect of the Baduanjin exercise on COVID-19-related anxiety, psychological well-being and lower back pain of college students during the pandemic.

Background: This study aimed to examine the effect of Baduanjin exercise on COVID-19-related anxiety, psychological well-being, and the lower back pain of college students during the coronavirus pandemic in China.

Setting: The study was carried out in a temporary experimental center of four universities in Wenzhou city in Zhejiang Province, China.

Population: 387 participants who were college students were allocated to two groups: the Baduanjin exercise group(BEG, n = 195); and the Control group(CG,n = 192).

Effects of organic nitrogen components from terrestrial input on the phytoplankton community in Jiaozhou Bay.

Dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) from terrestrial input exacerbates eutrophication and induces harmful algal blooms. We investigated the effects of hydrophilic (Hic) and low molecular weight (LMW) DON on the phytoplankton community in Jiaozhou Bay during autumn (October 2017) and spring (May 2018). Our results showed DON additions significantly increased algal growth while decreasing community biodiversity and provide a competitive advantage for Skeletonema costatum.

Tuning the Anisotropic Thermal Transport in {110}-Silicon Membranes with Surface Resonances.

Understanding the thermal transport in nanostructures has important applications in fields such as thermoelectric energy conversion, novel computing and heat dissipation. Using non-homogeneous equilibrium molecular dynamic simulations, we studied the thermal transport in pristine and resonant Si membranes bounded with {110} facets. The break of symmetry by surfaces led to the anisotropic thermal transport with the thermal conductivity along the [110]-direction to be 1.

An Interacting Multiple Model for Trajectory Prediction of Intelligent Vehicles in Typical Road Traffic Scenario.

This article presents an interacting multiple model (IMM) for short-term prediction and long-term trajectory prediction of an intelligent vehicle. This model is based on vehicle's physics model and maneuver recognition model. The long-term trajectory prediction is challenging due to the dynamical nature of the system and large uncertainties.