Application of first-order nonparaxial scalar theory to determine surface scattering intensity of multilayer optical coatings.

A novel first-order nonparaxial scalar theory for calculating the angular scattering that is caused by the interface roughness in an optical multilayer was proposed. As in the case that the interface roughness is moderate, the analytic expressions of angular-resolved scattering for a typical p-layer design were derived. Notably, these formulas are general because they do not depend on the prior restrictive hypothesis for the correlation degree of the various interfaces in a stack.

First-order nonparaxial scalar theory of surface and bulk scattering for high-quality optical coatings.

A novel nonparaxial scalar theory is presented to calculate the angular scattering that is due to interface roughnesses or bulk inhomogeneities in a high-quality optical coating. Based on the empirically modified Beckmann-Kirchhoff surface scatter model, this theory in surface scattering and bulk scattering predicts similar formulas for the angular scattered intensity, and at the same time provides new understanding and insight into multilayer scattering phenomena. It is worth noting that the derived expressions are in the same form as those given by the typical vector methods.

Integrated design of pi/2 converter and its experimental performance.

Transverse modes of light have been widely exploited in both classical and quantum optics in recent years. Among the devices to manipulate the transverse modes of light, a π/2 converter is a fundamental and important one that analogs to the quarter-wave plate in the polarization degree of freedom. While a π/2 converter is typically achieved by a pair of well-adjusted cylindrical lenses, it suffers from complexity in its installation and adjustment, which strongly limits its practical applications.