Effects of organic solvents and salts on the isomerization reaction (β→α) of Keggin-type 12-molybdophosphate anion.

The isomerization reaction of the β-form of 12-molybdophosphate ([PMo12O40](3-): PMo12) into the α-form in aqueous-organic mixed media containing various salts was extensively investigated with cyclic voltammetry. It was found that the concentration and type of organic solvent and salt strongly affected the rate of the isomerization reaction. When organic solvents with lower permittivity than water were used as auxiliary solvents, and high concentrations of salts were added to the reaction mixture, the β-form of PMo12 (β-PMo12) became more stable, leading to slow isomerization into the α-form (α-PMo12).

Effective transition probability for the Faraday effect of lanthanide(III) ion solutions.

The Faraday effects of 14 lanthanide(III) ion solutions were systematically analyzed on the basis of the Faraday C term. The effective transition probability, K, which measures the magneto-optical contribution of the 4f(n) --> 4f(n-1)5d transition to the molar Verdet constant, was determined. Linear correlations between K and the square root of the molar magnetic susceptibility of the lanthanide(III) ions, chi(m)(1/2), were obtained.

Pulsed magnetic field faraday imaging of diamagnetic liquids.

The Faraday rotation of diamagnetic liquids has been measured by applying a pulsed magnetic field. The observed results for water, alcohol, and aliphatic and aromatic organic liquids suggested a possible discrimination of such liquids by Faraday imaging. Actually, we have succeeded to observe Faraday images using a magneto-optical microscope system.