A proposal for a comprehensive risk scoring system for predicting postoperative complications in octogenarian patients with medically operable lung cancer: JACS1303.

Objectives: Although some retrospective studies have reported clinicopathological scoring systems for predicting postoperative complications and survival outcomes for elderly lung cancer patients, optimized scoring systems remain controversial.

Methods: The Japanese Association for Chest Surgery (JACS) conducted a nationwide multicentre prospective cohort and enrolled a total of 1019 octogenarians with medically operable lung cancer. Details of the clinical factors, comorbidities and comprehensive geriatric assessment were recorded for 895 patients to develop a comprehensive risk scoring (RS) system capable of predicting severe complications.

A randomized phase II study to assess the effect of adjuvant immunotherapy using α-GalCer-pulsed dendritic cells in the patients with completely resected stage II-IIIA non-small cell lung cancer: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: As the toxicity associated with the α-GalCer-pulsed dendritic cell (DC) therapy could be considered to be negligible, its addition to postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy would be expected to greatly improve the therapeutic effect, and could result in prolonged survival. The aim of the present study is to compare the therapeutic efficacy of alpha-galactosylceramide-pulsed DC therapy in patients who have undergone a complete resection of stage II-IIIA non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) followed by postoperative adjuvant therapy with cisplatin plus vinorelbine, to that in patients who did not receive additional treatment (surgical resection plus postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy only).

Methods: Subsequent to the complete resection of NSCLC, followed by the administration of cisplatin plus vinorelbine dual-agent combination adjuvant chemotherapy, patients who satisfy the inclusion criteria will be randomly allocated to either the α-GalCer-pulsed DC immune therapy group, or the standard treatment group.

The Outcomes of a Limited Resection for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Based on Differences in Pathology.

Objective: A precise preoperative diagnosis of in situ or minimally invasive carcinoma may identify patients who can be treated by limited resection. Although some clinical trials of limited resection for lung cancer have started, it will take a long time before the results will be published. We have already reported a large-scale study of limited resection.

Early and late recurrence after intentional limited resection for cT1aN0M0, non-small cell lung cancer: from a multi-institutional, retrospective analysis in Japan.

Objectives: In 2015, we reported the outcomes of patients undergoing intentional limited resection (ILR) for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) from a retrospective, multi-institutional large database in Japan. Here, we analyse the clinicopathological characteristics of the patients extracted from this database with late recurrence and compare them with those with early recurrence.

Methods: Of 1538 patients in the database with cT1aN0M0 NSCLC, 92 (6%) had recurrence.

Pulmonary hepatoid adenocarcinoma: report of a case.

Hepatoid adenocarcinoma (HAC) is a rare neoplasm with aberrant hepatocellular differentiation. HAC occurs in extrahepatic organs such as the gastrointestinal tract, testes, ovaries, and lungs and frequently produces alpha-fetoprotein. A 69-year-old patient was diagnosed clinically with T2aN0M0, stage IB, non-small cell lung carcinoma.

Novel approach to pleurodesis with 50 % glucose for air leakage after lung resection or pneumothorax.

Purpose: Pleurodesis is performed in patients demonstrating air leakage after lung resection and in those with pneumothorax who must avoid surgery. However, there have so far been very few reports of pleurodesis with 50 % glucose. We herein examined the feasibility and effectiveness of this novel pleurodesis technique.

Multiple lung adenocarcinomas associated with von hippel-lindau disease.

Lung adenocarcinoma has never before been reported to be associated with von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease. Here, we report a case of VHL disease in a patient who had metachronous multiple lung adenocarcinomas. The patient is a 64-year-old-woman with VHL disease.

Aberrant methylation and silencing of expression in non-small cell lung cancer.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the aberrant methylation and altered expression of the interferon regulatory factor 8 () gene in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Pyrosequencing assays were performed on 191 tumor specimens from NSCLC patients. The changes in mRNA expression, prior to and following treatment with a demethylating agent and methylation itself, were examined in 13 lung cancer cell lines by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and pyrosequencing.

Survival of 1737 lobectomy-tolerable patients who underwent limited resection for cStage IA non-small-cell lung cancer.

Objectives: A precise preoperative diagnosis of 'very early' lung carcinoma may identify patients who can undergo curative surgery with limited resections.

Methods: Data from a multi-institutional project were collected on 1737 patients who had undergone limited resections (segmentectomy or wedge resection) for T1N0M0 non-small-cell carcinomas. As it was expected, this study was predominantly including ground glass nodules.

Long interspersed nucleotide element 1 hypomethylation is associated with poor prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: Genome-wide DNA hypomethylation is known to play important roles in genomic instability and carcinogenesis. Methylation in long interspersed nucleotide element 1 (LINE-1) is a good indicator of the global DNA methylation level within a cell. The aim of this study was to evaluate prognostic significance of LINE-1 hypomethylation in lung adenocarcinoma.

A case of desmoid-type fibromatosis arising after thoracotomy for lung cancer with a review of the english and Japanese literature.

Chest wall desmoid-type fibromatoses are rare, locally aggressive tumors that occasionally arise from previous thoracotomy sites. Tumors arising from previous sites of thoracotomy to treat malignant disease should be discriminated from the pleural dissemination of the previous malignancy. In this study, we report a case of desmoid-type fibromatosis arising from a site for thoracotomy to treat lung cancer.

Aberrant methylation of LINE-1, SLIT2, MAL and IGFBP7 in non-small cell lung cancer.

Genome-wide DNA hypomethylation and gene hypermethylation play important roles in instability and carcino-genesis. Methylation in long interspersed nucleotide element 1 (LINE-1) is a good indicator of the global DNA methylation level within a cell. Slit homolog 2 (SLIT2), myelin and lymphocyte protein gene (MAL) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 7 (IGFBP7) are known to be hypermethylated in various malignancies.

[Esophageal fish bone migrating to the lung; report of a case].

A 55-year-old female felt a transient chest pain soon after a fish meal. Sixteen days later she presented a local clinic with fever of 38°C. After chest computed tomography( CT) and upper gastrointestinal endoscopy showed fish bone embedded in the wall of the middle portion of the esophagus, she referred to our hospital 22 days after the meal.

Segmentectomy for selected cT1N0M0 non-small cell lung cancer: a prospective study at a single institute.

Background: To examine whether segmentectomy is radical for cT1N0M0 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), a prospective single-arm study was performed at a single institution.

Methods: The criteria for segmentectomy were as follows: (1) peripheral-type cT1N0M0 NSCLC; (2) intraoperative frozen sections of sentinel nodes identified with isotope showing no metastasis; (3) surgical margins greater than 2 cm; (4) patient choice for segmentectomy; and (5) exclusion of right middle lobe tumors. From 2005 to 2009, of 245 patients with cT1N0M0 NSCLC, 195 (80%) were enrolled in the present study.

Is completion lobectomy merited for unanticipated nodal metastases after radical segmentectomy for cT1 N0 M0/pN1-2 non-small cell lung cancer?

Objective: To examine the role of radical segmentectomy, defined as a segmentectomy with extensive hilar/mediastinal lymph node dissection and a sufficient surgical margin, for local control in cT1 N0 M0/pN1-2 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), we examined the following: (1) whether metastases were observed in specimens additionally resected by completion lobectomy undertaken after segmentectomy because of pN1-2 disease and (2) prognostic outcome in patients whose operations were completed with segmentectomy regardless of pN1-2.

Methods: Of 275 patients with cT1 N0 M0 NSCLC who were scheduled to undergo radical segmentectomy, 15 (6%) had a diagnosis of pN1 or N2 disease. Of these patients, 10 were additionally treated with completion lobectomy, whereas the operations of the remaining 5 were completed with segmentectomy.

Two lung adenocarcinomas in the same lobe: multiple primaries or intrapulmonary metastasis?

Abnormal nodules were found in the left lung of a 52-year-old woman in segments 6 and 10 on a chest CT. These nodules showed no changes for 18 months, and we discontinued follow-up. Almost 5 years later, an abnormal shadow was found in her left lower lung field on a medical check-up chest X-ray.

Comparison of postoperative pulmonary function and air leakage between pleural closure vs. mesh-cover for intersegmental plane in segmentectomy.

Background: To prevent postoperative air leakage after lung segmentectomy, we used two methods for the intersegmental plane: closing it by suturing the pleural edge (pleural closure), or opening it with coverage using polyglycolic acid mesh and fibrin glue (mesh-cover). The preserved forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) of each lobe and the postoperative air leakage were compared between the two groups.

Methods: For 61 patients who underwent pleural closure and 36 patients who underwent mesh-cover, FEV1 of the lobe before and after segmentectomy was measured using lung-perfusion single-photon-emission computed tomography and CT (SPECT/CT).

Combined subsegmentectomy: postoperative pulmonary function compared to multiple segmental resection.

Background: For small peripheral c-T1N0M0 non-small cell lung cancers involving multiple segments, we have conducted a resection of subsegments belonging to different segments, i.e. combined subsegmentectomy (CSS), to avoid resection of multiple segments or lobectomy.

Diaphragm perforation after radio-frequency ablation for metastatic lung cancer.

A case of diaphragm perforation after radio-frequency ablation (RFA) for lung metastasis from uterine cervical cancer is reported. The patient developed pelvic recurrence and solitary lung metastasis after a radical hysterectomy for uterine cervical cancer. Pelvic radiation and RFA for lung metastasis were performed.

Peptides derived from human insulin-like growth factor-II mRNA binding protein 3 can induce human leukocyte antigen-A2-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes reactive to cancer cells.

Insulin-like growth factor-II mRNA binding protein 3 (IMP-3) is an oncofetal protein expressed in various malignancies including lung cancer. This study aimed to identify immunogenic peptides derived from IMP-3 that can induce tumor-reactive and human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2 (A*02:01)-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) for lung cancer immunotherapy. Forty human IMP-3-derived peptides predicted to bind to HLA-A2 were analyzed to determine their capacity to induce HLA-A2-restricted T cells in HLA-A2.

A case of sclerosing hemangioma evaluated with diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography.

A 33-year-old female patient was referred to our hospital for further examination of an abnormal shadow evident on a chest X-ray film. Chest computed tomography (CT) revealed a solid nodule 1.9 cm in diameter in the hilum of the upper lobe of the left lung.

Three young osteosarcoma patients with small adenocarcinoma or atypical adenomatous hyperplasia of the lung.

Three young osteosarcoma patients with adenocarcinoma (AD) or atypical adenomatous hyperplasia (AAH) of the lung are reported. A 14-year-old male patient with femoral osteosarcoma had solitary AD (case 1); a 23-year-old female patient with femoral osteosarcoma had AAH and lung metastasis (case 2); and a 17-year-old male patient with humeral osteosarcoma had AD and lung metastasis of osteosarcoma (case 3). They have been the youngest patients with lung cancer or AAH in our hospital.

A segmentectomy of the right upper lobe has an advantage over a right upper lobectomy regarding the preservation of the functional volume of the right middle lobe: analysis by perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography.

Purpose: To evaluate the advantages of a segmentectomy of the right upper lobe (RUL) over a right upper (RU) lobectomy regarding the preservation of the functional volume of the right middle lobe (RML), the postoperative forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV(1)) of the RML was compared between an RU lobectomy and an RUL segmentectomy, by using a coregistered perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography and computed tomography (SPECT/CT).

Methods: The pulmonary function tests and perfusion SPECT/CT were conducted before and after surgery (RU lobectomy: 7; RUL segmentectomy: 13). The FEV(1) of the RML before and after surgery was calculated from the data of the pulmonary function test and SPECT/CT.