Cholinergic Crisis with Normal Serum Cholinesterase Levels due to Excessive Galantamine Ingestion: A Case Report.

Galantamine is a cholinesterase inhibitor employed in Alzheimer's disease management. Cholinesterase inhibitors are associated with potential cholinergic side effects that, when severe, can result in cholinergic crises. Although crises induced by other cholinesterase inhibitors, such as distigmine and rivastigmine, have been reported, cases of galantamine-induced cholinergic crises remain undocumented.

Acute and Prolonged Effects of 300 sec of Static, Dynamic, and Combined Stretching on Flexibility and Muscle Force.

Static stretching (SS), dynamic stretching (DS), and combined stretching (CS; i.e., DS+SS) are commonly performed as warm-up exercises.

Changes in Flexibility and Force are not Different after Static Versus Dynamic Stretching.

In this study, we examined the effects of static and dynamic stretching on range of motion (ROM), passive torque (PT) at pain onset, passive stiffness, and isometric muscle force. We conducted a randomized crossover trial in which 16 healthy young men performed a total of 300 s of active static or dynamic stretching of the right knee flexors on two separate days in random order. To assess the effects of stretching, we measured the ROM, PT at pain onset, passive stiffness during passive knee extension, and maximum voluntary isometric knee flexion force using an isokinetic dynamometer immediately before and after stretching.

The evaluation of the discriminant ability of multiclass SVM in a study of hand motion recognition by using SEMG.

Electromyogram (EMG) is a kind of biological signal that is generated because of excitement of muscle according to the motor instruction from a brain. We have been experimentally developing the hand motion recognition system by using 4 channels forearm EMG signals. In our system, in order to classify measured EMG SVM (Support Vector Machine) that has higher discriminability is used.

Basic study on combined motion estimation using multichannel surface EMG signals.

To improve degree of freedom (DOF) of system control using surface electromyogram (SEMG), we made a basic study of the estimation of user's intended motion including combined motion which is performed by more than one basic motion simultaneously. Our developed system requested to obtain three SEMG characteristics of basic motion and one SEMG characteristics of rest state. This study defines the motion of grasp, supination and pronation as basic motion, and two combined motion which is "grasp +supination" and "grasp + pronation" are set.

Monte Carlo method for evaluating the effect of surface EMG measurement placement on motion recognition accuracy.

Surface electromyogram (SEMG) is one of the most important biological signal in which the human motion intention is directly reflected. Many systems use SEMG as a source of a control signal. (We call them "SEMG system").

Application of least square method for muscular strength estimation in hand motion recognition using surface EMG.

In this study, we describe the application of least square method for muscular strength estimation in hand motion recognition based on surface electromyogram (SEMG). Although the muscular strength can consider the various evaluation methods, a grasp force is applied as an index to evaluate the muscular strength. Today, SEMG, which is measured from skin surface, is widely used as a control signal for many devices.

Estimation of muscle strength during motion recognition using multichannel surface EMG signals.

The use of kinesiological electromyography is established as an evaluation tool for various kinds of applied research, and surface electromyogram (SEMG) has been widely used as a control source for human interfaces such as in a myoelectric prosthetic hand (we call them 'SEMG interfaces'). It is desirable to be able to control the SEMG interfaces with the same feeling as body movement. The existing SEMG interface mainly focuses on how to achieve accurate recognition of the intended movement.

Development of the hand motion recognition system based on surface EMG using suitable measurement channels for pattern recognition.

Conventional research on motion recognition using surface electromyogram (SEMG) is mainly focused on how to process with the signals for pattern recognition. However, it is of much consequence to the motion recognition that measurement channels position including useful information about SEMG pattern recognition is selected. In this paper, we present two topics for the hand motion recognition system based on SEMG.

Development of the human interface equipment based on surface EMG employing channel selection method.

In this paper, we describe the human-interface equipment using surface electromyogram (SEMG) based on optimal measurement channels for each subject. In case the SEMG is used as a control signal, individual differences of SEMG are important issue to obtain high accuracy recognition of motions. To solve this problem, we propose a channel selection method of the suitable measurement channels for the recognition of motions.

Development of the input equipment for a computer using surface EMG.

SEMG (surface EMG) has many benefits, for example measuring SEMG is easy and a characteristic pattern of SEMG is obtained for each different movement. Therefore, SEMG that is generated by body movement is able to use as a control signal for some electric powered equipments. Our objective is the perfect control of the computer by using SEMG that is generated from forearms.

A classification method of hand movements using multi channel electrode.

In this study, we describe the classification method of hand movements using 96 channels matrix-type(16times6) of multi channel surface electrode. Today, there are many systems that use the EMG as a control signal. As for those ordinary systems, it has some problem like most of them require the definition of measuring position.