Maternal Protein Restriction Inhibits Insulin Signaling and Insulin Resistance in the Skeletal Muscle of Young Adult Rats.

Objectives: Infants with fetal growth restriction (FGR) are at a risk of developing metabolic syndromes in adulthood. We hypothesized that skeletal muscle degeneration by nutrition-restricted FGR results in abnormal insulin signaling and epigenetic changes.

Material And Methods: To develop a protein-restricted FGR model, rats were fed a low-protein diet (7% protein) during the gestational period; rats fed a normal diet (20% protein) were used as controls.

Transportation of Medical Staff by Helicopter to Manage a Concealed Delivery at Home.

An unmarried pregnant woman felt lower abdominal pain. She rested in bed in her room on the second floor in her home. The next day she performed a delivery by herself.

Hepatic and Skeletal Muscle Autophagy Marker Levels in Rat Models of Prenatal and Postnatal Protein Restriction.

Fetal growth restriction (FGR) leads to adult-onset metabolic syndrome. Intrauterine and early postnatal caloric restriction ameliorates the risk in animal models. To understand the underlying mechanism, we compared autophagic marker levels between offspring with FGR and those with prenatal and early postnatal protein restriction (IPPR).

Effects of Fetal Growth Restriction on Postnatal Gut Microbiota in a Rat Model.

Objective: Fetal growth restriction (FGR) indicates increased risks of lifestyle-related diseases in adulthood. Previous studies showed the association between human gut dysbiosis and various diseases. However, reports examining the relationship between FGR and gut microbiota are scarce.

Skeletal Muscle Insulin Resistance in a Novel Fetal Growth Restriction Model.

The abnormal fetal environment exerts long-term effects on skeletal muscle, and fetal growth restriction (FGR) is associated with insulin resistance in adulthood. In this study, we examined insulin resistance in early adulthood and insulin signaling in skeletal muscle using a novel FGR rat model. Ameroid constrictors (AC) were placed on the bilateral uterine and ovarian arteries of rats on day 17 of gestation; placebo surgery was performed on the control group.

Evaluation of the use of non-invasive hemoglobin measurement in early childhood.

Background: Iron deficiency anemia in children affects psychomotor development. We compared the accuracy and trend of a non-invasive transcutaneous spectrophotometric estimation of arterial hemoglobin (Hb) concentration (SpHb) by rainbow pulse CO-oximetry technology to the invasive blood Hb concentration measured by an automated clinical analyzer (Hb-Lab).

Methods: We measured the SpHb and Hb-Lab in 109 patients aged 1-5 years.

Growth Trajectories during the First 6 Years in Survivors Born at Less Than 25 Weeks of Gestation Compared with Those between 25 and 29 Weeks.

We aimed to determine the differences in the growth trajectories of the youngest gestational survivors (<25 weeks’ gestation) up to 6 years of age compared to those of older gestational ages. Preterm infants were divided into two groups: 22−24 weeks’ gestation (male (M) 16, female (F) 28) and 25−29 weeks’ gestation (M 84, F 59). Z-scores of body weight (BW), body length (BL), and body mass index (BMI) were derived from Japanese standards at 1, 1.

Resistin in Urine and Breast Milk: Relation to Type of Feeding and Anthropometry at 1-Month.

Breast milk contains adipokines such as resistin and leptin and is known for its protective effect against obesity and insulin resistance. This pilot study aims to evaluate the correlation between resistin levels, feeding types (breast milk and formula), and anthropometric parameters in healthy 1-month-old term infants. Urine and breast milk samples were collected from 32 infants and their mothers at 1 month postpartum.

Associations between size at birth and size at 6 years among preterm infants: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Little is known about the relationship between fetal growth and size at school age in children born prematurely. We evaluated the relationships between gestational age and anthropometric z-scores at birth and size at 6 years of age in very-low-birthweight infants born at <30 weeks' gestation.

Methods: We collected data from the medical records of 187 preterm children at birth and 6 years of age.