Semantic and Geometric-Aware Day-to-Night Image Translation Network.

Autonomous driving systems heavily depend on perception tasks for optimal performance. However, the prevailing datasets are primarily focused on scenarios with clear visibility (i.e.

GAN-Based LiDAR Translation between Sunny and Adverse Weather for Autonomous Driving and Driving Simulation.

Autonomous driving requires robust and highly accurate perception technologies. Various deep learning algorithms based on only image processing satisfy this requirement, but few such algorithms are based on LiDAR. However, images are only one part of the perceptible sensors in an autonomous driving vehicle; LiDAR is also essential for the recognition of driving environments.

Correction to: Stiripentol alleviates neuropathic pain in L5 spinal nerve-transected mice.

In the original publication of the article, the value "40-μm thickness" was incorrect in the legend of Figure 4. The correct value is 10-μm thickness.

Stiripentol alleviates neuropathic pain in L5 spinal nerve-transected mice.

Purpose: Antiepileptic drugs are used not only for the treatment of epilepsy but also for that of neuropathic pain. However, their action mechanisms have not always been well explained. Stiripentol, an effective antiepileptic drug indicated as a therapeutic for Dravet syndrome, was recently shown to act as an inhibitor of lactate dehydrogenase in astrocytes.

Corrigendum to "Yokukansan Alleviates Cancer Pain by Suppressing Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 in a Mouse Bone Metastasis Model".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2019/2956920.].

Yokukansan Alleviates Cancer Pain by Suppressing Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 in a Mouse Bone Metastasis Model.

Bone cancer pain control is difficult because it includes various characteristics of pain such as nociceptic and neuropathic pain. In this study, we investigated the effect of yokukansan (YKS), one of the traditional Japanese herbal medicines, on cancer pain in mouse bone metastasis model. Oral administration of YKS significantly alleviated pain behavior measured by quantitative body weight bearing.

The Oxidative Pathway to Dopamine-Protein Conjugates and Their Pro-Oxidant Activities: Implications for the Neurodegeneration of Parkinson's Disease.

Neuromelanin (NM) is a dark brown pigment found in dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra (SN) and in norepinephrinergic neurons of the locus coeruleus (LC). Although NM is thought to be involved in the etiology of Parkinson's disease (PD) because its content decreases in neurodegenerative diseases such as PD, details are still unknown. In this study, we characterized the biosynthetic pathway of the oxidation of dopamine (DA) by tyrosinase in the presence of thiol peptides and proteins using spectroscopic and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods and we assessed the binding of DA via cysteine residues in proteins by oxidation catalyzed by redox-active metal ions.

Pheomelanogenesis is promoted at a weakly acidic pH.

The diversity of pigmentation in the skin, hair, and eyes of humans has been largely attributed to the diversity of pH in melanosomes with an acidic pH being proposed to suppress melanin production, especially eumelanogenesis. We previously showed that an acidic pH greatly suppresses the late stage of eumelanogenesis after the dopachrome stage. The oxidation of tyrosine by tyrosinase in the presence of cysteine forms cysteinyldopa isomers, which are further oxidized to give rise to pheomelanin via benzothiazine intermediates.

[Successful Airway Management Using the air-Q Intubating Laryngeal Airway under Dexmedetomidine and Laryngeus Superior Nerve Block for Severe Tracheal Stenosis due to Thyroid Cancer Invasion].

A 75-year-old woman suffering from respiratory difficulty was diagnosed with severe tracheal stenosis due o malignant thyroid cancer. She was scheduled for an mergent tracheotomy, but preoperative computed omography revealed severe tracheal stenosis below he glottis due to thyroid cancer invasion. Anticipating lifficult tracheal intubation and risk of obstruction from hemorrhage, intubation preserving spontaneous ventiation was performed to avoid a 'can't ventilate, can't intubate' situation.

Rapid-Sequence Intubation in the Left-Lateral Tilt Position in a Pregnant Woman with Premature Placental Abruption Utilizing a Videolaryngoscope.

Case A 24-year-old pregnant woman was admitted to our hospital with decreased fetal heart rate. Obstetric examination revealed premature placental abruption; emergent caesarean section was planned under general anesthesia. On entering the operating room, the patient showed severe vital sign deterioration (blood pressure, 75/45 mm Hg; heart rate, 142 beats per minute).

[Successful Awake Nasal Endotracheal Intubation with the McGrath Videolaryngoscope and a Soft-tipped Extra Firm Exchange Catheter in a Patient with a Necrotic Mandible].

Here we report a case of successful awake nasal intubation with the McGrath videolaryngscope (McGrath) in conjunction with a soft-tipped extra firm exchange catheter in a patient with a necrotic mandible developing a hole. An 81-year-old woman underwent partial tongue resection and cervical lymph node dissection. After additional radiation therapy, she developed a necrotic mandible with a hole from the oral cavity to the neck region.

[Successful fiberoptic tracheal intubation guided by Airwayscope with a thin Intlock blade in a patient with severe rheumatoid arthritis].

We present a case of anticipated difficult airway with severe rheumatoid arthritis in which intubation with fiberoptic bronchoscope (FOB) assisted by Pentax-AWS Airwayscope with the thin Intlock (AWS T) was effective. A 69-year-old woman was scheduled to undergo laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis in a previous hospital. Tracheal intubation with Glidescope or nasal intubation was unsuccessful and abandoned due to mucosal injury and bleeding.

[Successful double-lumen tube intubation with the Pentax-AWS Airwayscope and a tracheal tube introducer in the lateral position for a patient with a giant mediastinal tumor].

Anesthetic management of a patient with giant mediastinal tumors is challenging from the perspective of both cardiovascular and respiratory management. We report the successful use of the Pentax-AWS Airwayscope (AWS; Hoya, Japan) and a tracheal tube introducer in the left lateral position for a patient with a giant mediastinal tumor. An 18-year-old man weighing 62 kg was scheduled for resection of a giant mediastinal tumor.

[Comparison of TaperGuard tube and the Portex Softseal for prevention of vomitus leakage in an in vitro simulation airway model].

Background: Microaspiration of vomitus can cause a serious condition known as Mendelson's syndrome. The present study used simulated stomach contents and an airway model to compare a tracheal tube with a tapered cuff (Taper) to the conventional high volume low pressure cuff (HVLP) in their abilities to prevent microaspiration.

Methods: The automated cuff pressure was adjusted to 10, 20, and 30 cmH2O.

[Difference in nitrous oxide-mediated increases in intracuff pressure between two tracheal tubes in a simulated pediatric lung model].

Background: The purpose of this study was to compare the nitrous oxide-mediated increases in cuff pressure between a tracheal tube with a tapered cuff (Taper) or conventional high volume low pressure cuff (HVLP) utilizing a simulated pediatric lung model.

Methods: The automated cuff pressures were adjusted to 10, 20, and 30 cmH2O. The Taper and HVLP were exposed to 80% nitrous oxide and cuff pressure was measured 15 and 30 minutes later.

[One-lung ventilation using dexmedetomidine in an emphysema patient with pneumothorax due to metastatic lung cancer].

We report a case of double-lumen tube intubation and intraoperative one-lung ventilation under spontaneous breathing with continuous dexmedetomidine administration. A 61-year-old man developed pneumothorax due to multiple metastatic cancer, had multiple bilateral bullae, and underwent bullae resection under general anesthesia. An epidural catheter was placed at T8-9.

[Intubation using the Pentax-AWS Airwayscope with an infant-size Intlock in a patient with increased intracranial pressure due to acute hydrocephalus].

We report our experience with the Pentax-AWS Airwayscope with an infant-size Intlock (AWS-I) in a patient with increased intracranial pressure due to acute hydrocephalus. A 12-month-old female infant with increased intracranial pressure due to acute hydrocephalus was scheduled to undergo emergent ventriculoperitoneal shunting under general anesthesia. She had a clonic convulsion and was sedated with midazolam.

Development of an artificial synapse using an electrochemical micropump.

Improving the resolution of artificial sensory organs requires an interface that receives external information from electronic circuits and stimulates appropriate neurons individually in response to that information. The method of electric stimulation in available artificial sensory organs is fairly nonselective; therefore, we developed a method of chemical stimulation of neurons using a neurotransmitter containing an electrochemical micropump powered by the bubbling that occurs during water electrolysis. The micropump contains a glass nozzle with a tip 10 microm in diameter.