MiR-410-3p suppresses primary gastric cancer and exosomes regulate endogenous expression of miR-410-3p.

MicroRNAs play significant roles in cancer initiation and progression. Exosomes are important extracellular vesicles for transporting molecules to distant sites. This study aims to investigate the functional roles of miR-410-3p in primary gastric cancer, as well as the roles of exosomes in regulating expression of miR-410-3p.

Perception from students regarding online synchronous interactive teaching in the clinical year during COVID-19 pandemic.

Aim: The global pandemic of COVID-19 has led to extensive practice of online learning. Our main objective is to compare different online synchronous interactive learning activities to evaluate students' perceptions. Moreover, we also aim to identify factors influencing their perceptions in these classes.

Inhibition of EP2 receptor suppresses tumor growth and chemoresistance of gastric cancer.

Gastric cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer death in the world. Early diagnosis and effective chemotherapy are vital to reduce the overall mortality. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) has been implicated as an important factor in gastric cancer carcinogenesis.

A prospective case-control study on online teaching of ultrasonography skills to medical students during COVID-19 pandemic.

Introduction: A new Online interactive Ultrasound Teaching (OUT) was developed in our institution in March 2021 during COVID-19 outbreak.

Methods: This is a case control study on 65 final year medical students to compare OUT with conventional face-to-face ultrasound tutorials. There were 31 female and 34 male students.

Distance education for anatomy and surgical training - A systematic review.

Rapid development of COVID-19 has resulted in a massive shift from traditional to online teaching. This review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of distance learning on anatomy and surgical training. This systematic review was conducted in line with the PRISMA statement and current methodological literature.

A comparative study regarding distance learning and the conventional face-to-face approach conducted problem-based learning tutorial during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: Educational pedagogies were modified during the COVID-19 pandemic to minimise interruption to teaching. One approach has been the distance learning problem-based learning (PBL) tutorial utilising the online peer-to-peer platform. The aim of this study was to compare the performance of students using distance learning PBL tutorials using with that of students utilising the conventional face-to-face approach.

Online teaching of basic surgical skills to medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic: a case-control study.

Purpose: Medical education has been disrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic in many countries, with face-to-face lectures replaced by pre-recorded videos. However, surgical skills training cannot be replaced easily by videos, as a high level of tutor-student interaction is required. Thus, we developed a new web-based surgical skill learning session (WSSL).

Distant surgical teaching during COVID-19 - A pilot study on final year medical students.

Introduction: Due to the COVID-19 outbreak, all on-site undergraduate medical teaching activities in Hong Kong have been suspended. A new web-based surgical skills learning (WSSL) for basic surgical skills training that were normally taught face-to-face was developed.

Methodology: Basic surgical skills were taught with normal face-to-face tutorial to 30 final year medical students prior to the outbreak.

Exosomal miRNAs as circulating biomarkers for prediction of development of haematogenous metastasis after surgery for stage II/III gastric cancer.

Exosomes secreted by living cancer cells can regulate metastasis. Exosomal miRNAs can reflect pathological conditions of the original cancer cells. Therefore, we aim to identify exosomal miRNAs as circulating biomarkers for haematogenous metastasis of gastric cancer.

Anti-fibrotic effect of decorin in peritoneal dialysis and PD-associated peritonitis.

Background: Progressive peritoneal fibrosis is a common complication in patients on long-term peritoneal dialysis (PD). PD-associated peritonitis is a major exacerbating factor. We investigated the anti-fibrotic properties of decorin secreted by peritoneal mesothelial cells.

MiR-92 suppresses proliferation and induces apoptosis by targeting EP4/Notch1 axis in gastric cancer.

MiR-92a has been shown to be dysregulated in various cancers and exhibited differential role in carcinogenesis. In this study, we sought to delineate the functional role of miR-92a and its regulatory pathway in gastric cancer. MiR-92a expression were underexpressed in tissues of gastric cancer patients with the area under curve (AUC) of 0.

α-Actinin-4 promotes metastasis in gastric cancer.

Metastasis increases the mortality rate of gastric cancer, which is the third leading cause of cancer-associated deaths worldwide. This study aims to identify the genes promoting metastasis of gastric cancer (GC). A human cell motility PCR array was used to analyze a pair of tumor and non-tumor tissue samples from a patient with stage IV GC (T3N3M1).

Alterations in Gastric Microbiota After H. Pylori Eradication and in Different Histological Stages of Gastric Carcinogenesis.

The role of bacteria other than Helicobacter pylori (HP) in the stomach remains elusive. We characterized the gastric microbiota in individuals with different histological stages of gastric carcinogenesis and after receiving HP eradication therapy. Endoscopic gastric biopsies were obtained from subjects with HP gastritis, gastric intestinal metaplasia (IM), gastric cancer (GC) and HP negative controls.

HER2 Status in Gastric and Gastroesophageal Junction Cancer: Results of the Large, Multinational HER-EAGLE Study.

Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) dysregulation is associated with tumorigenesis in gastric/gastroesophageal junction cancer; however, the number of patients with HER2-positive disease is unclear, possibly due to differing scoring criteria/assays. Data are also lacking for early disease. We aimed to assess the HER2-positivity rate using approved testing criteria in a large, real-life multinational population.

Treatment of Gastric Metaplasia or Dysplasia by Endoscopic Radiofrequency Ablation: A Pilot Study.

Background/aims: Patients with gastric intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia are at increased risk of gastric cancer development. We tested the feasibility of using endoscopic radiofrequency ablation for the treatment of dysplasia and metaplasia in the stomach.

Methodology: Patients who had histologically confirmed low-grade gastric dysplasia or IM were recruited.

A three-miRNA signature as promising non-invasive diagnostic marker for gastric cancer.

Background: Despite the declining incidence of gastric cancer, mortality rate remains high due to late presentation. We aimed to evaluate the sensitivity of miRNA as a diagnostic marker for gastric cancer in the circulation.

Methods: Plasma samples from 3 independent groups comprise 123 gastric cancer patients and 111 healthy controls for miRNA profiling from microarray screening.

Plasma miR-940 may serve as a novel biomarker for gastric cancer.

It was reported that circulating microRNAs could be applied as non-invasive biomarkers for cancer monitoring. The purpose of this study was to identify plasma miRNA that may serve as a novel biomarker for gastric cancer and to evaluate its clinical application. MicroRNA profiles were generated from plasma samples of 5 patients with gastric cancer (GC) versus 5 healthy controls (HC).

Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 testing in gastric cancer: recommendations of an Asia-Pacific task force.

Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) testing in gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancer is an evolving area in clinical practice that has particular relevance to Asia-Pacific countries, which face a high incidence of these diseases. A growing body of evidence demonstrates that HER2-targeted therapy improves survival for patients with HER2-positive advanced disease, and drives the need for high-quality testing procedures to identify patients who will respond to treatment. However, various factors challenge day-to-day testing of gastric specimens in these countries, to a degree greater than that observed for breast specimens.

E-cadherin and gastric cancer: cause, consequence, and applications.

E-cadherin (epithelial-cadherin), encoded by the CDH1 gene, is a transmembrane glycoprotein playing a crucial role in maintaining cell-cell adhesion. E-cadherin has been reported to be a tumor suppressor and to be down regulated in gastric cancer. Besides genetic mutations in CDH1 gene to induce hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HDGC), epigenetic factors such as DNA hypermethylation also contribute to the reduction of E-cadherin in gastric carcinogenesis.

MiRNA as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for gastric cancer.

Gastric cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer mortality in the world. Aberrant expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) is the hallmark of this disease. MiRNAs are endogenous non-coding RNAs that are involved in many biological processes (e.

Whole-genome sequencing and comprehensive molecular profiling identify new driver mutations in gastric cancer.

Gastric cancer is a heterogeneous disease with diverse molecular and histological subtypes. We performed whole-genome sequencing in 100 tumor-normal pairs, along with DNA copy number, gene expression and methylation profiling, for integrative genomic analysis. We found subtype-specific genetic and epigenetic perturbations and unique mutational signatures.

Circulating microRNAs as specific biomarkers for breast cancer detection.

Background: We previously showed microRNAs (miRNAs) in plasma are potential biomarkers for colorectal cancer detection. Here, we aimed to develop specific blood-based miRNA assay for breast cancer detection.

Methodology/principal Findings: TaqMan-based miRNA profiling was performed in tumor, adjacent non-tumor, corresponding plasma from breast cancer patients, and plasma from matched healthy controls.

Nicotine and gastrointestinal disorders: its role in ulceration and cancer development.

Cigarette smoke has always been the single most preventive cause of death in the world. In 2011, over 460,000 died from cigarette smoke-related diseases in US. The detrimental effects of cigarette smoke on human beings are due to the presence of many carcinogens and other components (e.