Contrasts in visual responsiveness and emotional arousal between rhesus monkeys raised with living and those raised with inanimate substitute mothers.

Rhesus monkeys were raised with dogs or inanimate surrogates in outdoor cages which provided them with complex, highly varied visual surroundings. Visual responsiveness to a variety of colored transparencies was investigated in three experiments, completed when the monkeys were between 18 and 30 mo old. Results indicated that the frequency and duration of looking at slides was significantly higher for dog-raised than for inanimate-surrogate-raised monkeys and that dog-raised monkeys were much more responsive to the novelty, complexity, ansal were obtained during the final experiment.

Ultrastructural identification of collagen and glycosaminoglycans in notochordal extracellular matrix in vivo and in vitro.

Notochordal extracellular matrix consists of a continuous basal lamina, amorphous materials and microfibrils embedded in the ground substance of low electron density. Together they comprise the notochord sheath and are of considerable interest because of their suspected role in early embryonic tissue interactions. The notochord is particularly well-suited to morphological investigation of extracellular matrix because it is one of the few embryonic epithelia which produces ultrastructurally recognizable stroma in vitro without the advantage of a collagenous substratum.

Two cases of enteric myiasis in man. Pseudomyiasis and true intestinal myiasis.

Dipterous larvae were found in the appendices from two postmortem examinations. The single maggot in the first case was not immediately identified in the sections. However, when the posterior end of the larva was recovered from the unsectioned portion of the appendix, it was identified as a maggot of the genus Sarcophaga.

A case of Rictularia infection of man in New York.

A gravid female nematode was found in histopathologic sections of an appendix in a postmortem examination. This parasite was identified as Rictularia, a genus of small intestinal parasites in numerous mammals. The parasites of this genus have not previously been identified in man.

Depressed immune response in the magnesium-deficient rat.

The effects of dietary magnesium on growth, food efficiency, organ development, splenic nucleic acids, and serum antibody were studied in two experiments with male Wistar rats. Diets containing 30% protein from casein were fed ad libitum. Rats were immunized intravenously with sheep red blood cells.

Laboratory diagnosis of autoinfection in strongyloidiasis.

Among 10,072 examinations of concentrated stools, Strongyloides stercoralis rhabditiform larvae were found in 93, and filariform larvae in four. In two of the four cases harboring filariform larvae, subsequent stools revealed only rhabditiform larvae, but filariform larvae continued to be found in the stools and sputum of the other two cases. It was concluded that only two of the cases were true autoinfections, and the other two apparent cases resulted from prolonged storage of unrefrigerated stools in the hospital ward.

Redirection of filial attachments in rhesus monkeys: dogs as mother surrogates.

Rhesus infants raised from birth with their mothers, age-mates, or cloth surrogates for periods varying fronm 1 to 10 months were separated from these objects and placed with dogs. Contrary to previous suggestions that were consistent with the notions of a critical period for attachment formation and irreversibility of filial bonds, the monkeys formed strong and specific attachments to their canine surrogates.