Effect of vertical central plication on vertical deviations.

Purpose: To evaluate the surgical effect of the Wright central plication on vertical rectus muscles to correct vertical strabismus.

Methods: In this multicenter, retrospective, observational outcomes study, data were collected from two surgeons in different practice settings (2017-22). All patients who underwent vertical rectus central plication were included; those undergoing any concurrent strabismus surgery for vertical strabismus were excluded.

Pathophysiology of retinopathy of prematurity.

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a vasoproliferative disease occurring in premature infants that affects the blood vessels of the developing retina. ROP results in the development of vascular shunts, neovascularization, and in its most severe form tractional retinal detachment. The development of retinal vascular shunts and neovascularization in ROP is related to local ischemia in the immature and incompletely vascularized retina.

Wright hang-back recession with fibrin glue compared with standard fixed suture recession for the treatment of horizontal strabismus.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical safety and efficacy of the novel Wright hang-back recession with fibrin glue for the treatment of horizontal strabismus.

Study Design: Retrospective, case-controlled clinical study comparing surgical outcomes of the Wright hang-back rectus recession with fibrin glue (WHBG) versus standard fixed suture rectus recession (SFR).

Methods: Medical records of all patients who underwent strabismus surgery by one strabismus surgeon between 2016 and 2018 for horizontal deviations only, including cases of WHBG (group 1) or SFR (group 2), were reviewed.

Validation of a novel strabismus surgery 3D-printed silicone eye model for simulation training.

Purpose: To demonstrate the validity of a new 3D-printed silicone model for practicing strabismus surgery, compared with the rabbit head, in terms of simulator fidelity.

Methods: In this multicenter study, a validated questionnaire was developed to assess fidelity of the model and rabbit head. Participants were asked to rate overall globe, conjunctiva, muscle, and scleral fidelity using a 5-point scale.

Foreign body extrusion associated with N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate glue used with rectus muscle hang-back recession.

Objective: Standard rectus muscle recessions require suturing muscle to sclera posterior to the insertion, which is dangerous as the sclera is thin. Extraocular muscle hang-back recession can avoid the posterior scleral needle pass but has been reported to be unstable. The purpose of this study is to assess the use of N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate to aid reattachment of rectus muscle to sclera during hang-back recession.

Wright central plication of lateral rectus versus standard medial rectus recession in adult divergence insufficiency esotropia.

Purpose: Wright central plication is a minimally invasive tightening procedure described for the first time by Wright and colleagues in 2012. We compare outcomes of lateral rectus central plication (LRCP) to medial rectus recession (MRR) in the treatment of adult divergence insufficiency esotropia (ADIE).

Methods: A retrospective chart review of 30 consecutive patients with ADIE, who underwent either LRCP or MRR between 2010 and 2015 was performed.

Pediatric adenoid cystic carcinoma of the lacrimal gland treated with intra-arterial cytoreductive chemotherapy.

Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of the lacrimal gland is the most common primary malignant tumor of the lacrimal gland. It typically affects patients in the fifth decade of life and presents with rapid progression of pain, ptosis, motility disturbances, and sensory deficits of less than 1 year's duration. ACC is rare in children.

Bilateral canalicular and nasolacrimal duct obstruction in congenital erosive and vesicular dermatosis: a case report and review of the literature.

We report the ocular findings in a 2.5-year-old girl with a history of congenital erosive and vesicular dermatosis at birth. We highlight the complexity of the associated nasolacrimal duct obstruction with canalicular scarring and review the ocular manifestations of this rare disease.

Mini-plication to treat small-angle strabismus: A minimally invasive procedure.

Background: Mini-plication is a new rectus muscle tightening procedure for the correction of small-angle strabismus that can be performed under topical anesthesia. The purpose of this study was to report the outcomes of mini-rectus muscle plication.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients who underwent mini-plication.

Amniotic membrane transplantation for restrictive strabismus.

Purpose: To report the use of amniotic membrane transplant in patients with restrictive strabismus.

Design: Retrospective, interventional case series.

Participants: Patients with restrictive strabismus treated with amniotic membrane transplantation.

Mini-tenotomy procedure to correct diplopia associated with small-angle strabismus.

Purpose: The mini-tenotomy is a novel minimally invasive surgical technique that weakens rectus muscles to treat small-angle strabismus. The mini-tenotomy is an alternative to the standard rectus muscle recession that requires hooking the muscle, suturing the muscle, removing the muscle from sclera, and reattaching the muscle to sclera.

Methods: This is a retrospective chart review of outcomes of the mini-tenotomy procedure on 15 consecutive adult patients.

A biodegradable filament for controlled drug delivery.

Biodegradable filaments (diameters of 250-300 microm) for the controlled delivery of dexamethasone or levofloxacin are described. Filaments are prepared by wet-spinning solutions of poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) and drug dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) into a coagulation bath of water. Compositional analyses of the filaments by independent measurements of drug, DMSO, water, and polymer give drug loadings up to 40% of filament mass and drug retention (drug in filament per drug in solution) greater than 40%.

Infantile esotropia with nystagmus: a treatable cause of oscillatory head movements in children.

Objective: To document the resolution of oscillatory head movements following surgical realignment of the eyes in children with infantile esotropia and nystagmus.

Method: Retrospective review of 3 children who had infantile esotropia, nystagmus, and unexplained head shaking or head nodding.

Results: Strabismus surgery restored ocular alignment and produced resolution of the head shaking in all patients.

A physiologic reduced oxygen protocol decreases the incidence of threshold retinopathy of prematurity.

Purpose: To report the incidence of threshold retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in very low birth weight premature infants from three neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) before and after implementation of a physiologic reduced oxygen protocol (PROP).

Methods: PROSPECTIVE, OBSERVATIONAL STUDY OF DATA FROM THREE NICUS: Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (CSMC), Los Angeles; Good Samaritan Hospital (GSH), Los Angeles; and National University Hospital (NUH), Singapore. PROP was implemented to keep oxygen saturation values by pulse oximeter (SpO2) between 83% and 93% (as described in Pediatrics 2003;111:339-345).

Evidence of binocular fusion in a 3-week-old infant with transient abducens nerve paresis.

We report an infant with clinical evidence of binocular fusion at 3 weeks of life. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report providing evidence of binocularity in the first month of life.

Comparison of visual acuity levels in pediatric patients with amblyopia using Wright figures, Allen optotypes, and Snellen letters.

Purpose: To compare and correlate the clinical performance of Wright figures in visual acuity assessments of pediatric patients with amblyopia to those obtained through Allen cards and Snellen letters.

Subjects And Methods: Best-corrected visual acuity of 26 amblyopic children were measured with the Wright figures(c), Snellen letters, and isolated Allen optotypes, respectively. Amblyopia was defined as two lines of visual acuity difference or a visual acuity level of 20/30 or lower as determined by Snellen chart.

Can changes in clinical practice decrease the incidence of severe retinopathy of prematurity in very low birth weight infants?

Objective: A wide variability in the incidence of severe retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is reported by different centers. The altered regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor from repeated episodes of hyperoxia and hypoxia is 1 important factor in the pathogenesis of ROP. Strict management of O(2) delivery and monitoring to minimize these episodes may be associated with decreased rates of ROP.