Survival time for dogs with previously untreated, peripheral nodal, intermediate- or large-cell lymphoma treated with prednisone alone: the Canine Lymphoma Steroid Only trial.

Objective: To evaluate survival times for dogs with previously untreated, peripheral nodal, intermediate- or large-cell lymphoma treated with prednisone alone.

Animals: 109 client-owned dogs recruited from 15 institutions in the United States.

Procedures: Dogs were treated with prednisone at a dosage of 40 mg/m, PO, once daily for 7 days and at a dosage of 20 mg/m, PO, once daily thereafter.

Evaluation of the Tolerability of Combination Chemotherapy with Mitoxantrone and Dacarbazine in Dogs with Lymphoma.

Combination chemotherapy can be an effective option for treating resistant lymphoma in dogs. This retrospective study examined the tolerability and efficacy of the combination of 5-(3,3-dimethyl-1-triazeno)-imidazole-4-carboxamide (dacarbazine) (DTIC) in a population of dogs with lymphoma resistant to a doxorubicin-containing chemotherapy protocol. Mitoxantrone was administered at 5 mg/m IV over 10 min followed by DTIC at 600 mg/m IV over 5 hr, every 3 wk.

Evaluation of clinical and histologic factors associated with survival time in dogs with stage II splenic hemangiosarcoma treated by splenectomy and adjuvant chemotherapy: 30 cases (2011-2014).

OBJECTIVE To determine histologic and clinical factors associated with survival time in dogs with stage II splenic hemangiosarcoma treated by splenectomy and a chemotherapy protocol in which an anthracycline was alternated with lomustine. DESIGN Retrospective case series. ANIMALS 30 dogs with stage II splenic hemangiosarcoma.

Tolerability of lomustine in combination with cyclophosphamide in dogs with lymphoma.

This retrospective study describes toxicity associated with a protocol of lomustine (CCNU) and cyclophosphamide (CTX) in dogs with lymphoma. CCNU was administered per os (PO) at a targeted dosage of 60 mg/m(2) body surface area on day 0, CTX was administered PO at a targeted dosage of 250 mg/m(2) divided over days 0 through 4, and all dogs received prophylactic antibiotics. Ninety treatments were given to the 57 dogs included in the study.

Cross-sectional study to investigate the association between vitamin D status and cutaneous mast cell tumours in Labrador retrievers.

Epidemiological data indicate that low serum vitamin D concentrations are associated with an increased risk of a variety of human tumours. Cutaneous mast cell tumours (MCT) occur more frequently in dogs than in any other species. Canine MCT express the vitamin D receptor, and vitamin D derivatives have in vitro and in vivo anti-tumour activity.

Clinical characteristics, treatment, and outcome of dogs with presumed primary hepatic lymphoma: 18 cases (1992-2008).

OBJECTIVE-To determine outcome of dogs with presumed primary hepatic lymphoma treated with various multiagent, doxorubicin-based chemotherapeutic protocols and identify factors associated with prognosis. DESIGN-Retrospective case series. ANIMALS-18 dogs with presumed primary hepatic lymphoma.

Evaluation of factors associated with second remission in dogs with lymphoma undergoing retreatment with a cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone chemotherapy protocol: 95 cases (2000-2007).

Objective: To evaluate factors associated with second remission in dogs with lymphoma retreated with a cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP) protocol after relapse following initial treatment with a first-line 6-month CHOP protocol.

Design: Retrospective case series.

Animals: 95 dogs with lymphoma.

Oral bioavailability of DN101, a concentrated formulation of calcitriol, in tumor-bearing dogs.

Purpose: High-dose calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3)) has antineoplastic activity against a range of tumors and potentiates chemotherapeutic agents. In an earlier canine study, the MTD of intravenous (i.v.

Evaluation of serum iohexol clearance for use in predicting carboplatin clearance in cats.

Objective: To determine whether a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) assay based on serum iohexol clearance can be used to predict carboplatin clearance in cats.

Animals: 10 cats with tumors.

Procedures: GFR was measured concurrently by use of plasma clearance of technetium Tc 99m-labeled diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid ((99m)Tc-DTPA) to yield GFR(99mTc-DTPA) and serum clearance of iohexol to yield GFR(Iohexol).

Phase I evaluation of carboplatin by use of a dosing strategy based on a targeted area under the platinum concentration-versus-time curve and individual glomerular filtration rate in cats with tumors.

Objective: To determine whether a carboplatin dose calculation that is based on a targeted area under the concentration-versus-time curve (AUC(Target)) and individual glomerular filtration rate (GFR) accurately predicts carboplatin-associated myelotoxicoses in tumor-bearing cats, and to determine the maximum tolerated AUC(Target).

Animals: 32 cats with tumors.

Procedures: In each cat, plasma clearance of technetium Tc 99m-labeled diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid was measured to assess GFR.

Oral bioavailability of etoposide after administration of a single dose to tumor-bearing dogs.

Objective: To characterize oral bioavailability and pharmacokinetic disposition of etoposide when the IV formulation was administered orally to dogs.

Animals: 8 tumor-bearing dogs.

Procedures: An open-label, single-dose, 2-way crossover study was conducted.

Lomustine for treatment of mast cell tumors in cats: 38 cases (1999-2005).

Objective: To determine clinical activity and toxic effects of lomustine when used to treat cats with mast cell tumors (MCTs).

Design: Retrospective case series.

Animals: 38 cats with measurable, histologically or cytologically confirmed MCTs treated with lomustine at a dosage > or = 50 mg/m(2).

In vitro and in vivo evaluation of combined calcitriol and cisplatin in dogs with spontaneously occurring tumors.

Purpose: Calcitriol potentiates cisplatin-mediated activity in a variety of tumor models. We examine here, the effect of calcitriol and cisplatin pre-clinically and clinically in canine spontaneous tumors through in vitro studies on tumor cells and through a phase I study of calcitriol and cisplatin to identify the maximum-tolerated dosage (MTD) of this combination in dogs with cancer and to characterize the pharmacokinetic disposition of calcitriol in dogs.

Methods: Canine tumor cells were investigated for calcitriol/cisplatin interactions on proliferation using an MTT assay in a median-dose effect analysis; data were used to derive a combination index (CI).

Outcome of cats with low-grade lymphocytic lymphoma: 41 cases (1995-2005).

Objective: To evaluate factors associated with response to treatment, remission duration, and survival in cats with low-grade lymphoma affecting various organ systems.

Design: Retrospective case series.

Sample Population: 41 cats with histologically confirmed low-grade lymphocytic lymphoma.

Comparison of 3 protocols for treatment after induction of remission in dogs with lymphoma.

Background: The optimal treatment after inducing complete remission (CR) in dogs with lymphoma has not been established.

Hypothesis: After inducing CR with L-asparaginase, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, prednisone (L-CHOP); consolidation with either half-body radiation therapy (HBRT); or lomustine (CCNU) and mechlorethamine, vincristine, procarbazine, prednisone (MOPP) would improve first remission duration compared with continuing a CHOP-based protocol for an additional 4 months.

Animals: Dogs with stage III-V lymphoma.

Microalbuminuria is not associated with cisplatin-induced azotemia in dogs.

Background: Cisplatin is an effective antineoplastic agent but its use is limited by renal toxicity. Microalbuminuria is a marker of renal damage and might be an indicator of cisplatin-induced azotemia.

Null Hypothesis: Microalbuminuria is not associated with azotemia in dogs treated with cisplatin.

Use of vascular access ports in femoral veins of dogs and cats with cancer.

Objective: To evaluate long-term function of vascular access ports (VAPs) implanted in the femoral vein of dogs and cats undergoing cancer treatment.

Design: Prospective clinical study.

Animals: 3 dogs and 6 cats treated via chemotherapy or radiation.

Stage migration in dogs with lymphoma.

Background: Various diagnostic tests have been used to assign a clinical stage to dogs with lymphoma. As more sensitive staging methods are introduced, dogs are reclassified as having a higher disease stage, thereby affecting comparisons of dogs across differently staged clinical trials, and possibly, prognosis.

Hypothesis: The addition of more sensitive staging tests causes stage migration in dogs with lymphoma.

Cyclooxygenase-2 immunoreactivity in equine ocular squamous-cell carcinoma.

Squamous-cell carcinoma (SCC) is the second most common tumor in horses, and 40%-50% may occur in ocular and adnexal structures. Cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 is an inducible enzyme responsible for the production of prostaglandins that control cell growth and the development and progression of cancer. Mechanisms responsible for the initial upregulation of COX-2 in neoplasia are unclear; prolonged sunlight exposure and mutations in the p53 gene may be possibilities.

Use of vascular access ports with intrathoracic drains for treatment of pleural effusion in three dogs.

Case Description: 3 dogs (9 to 12 years old) were evaluated because of recurrent pleural effusion that was refractory to treatment of the underlying cause.

Clinical Findings: Dogs were evaluated because of cough, dyspnea, tachypnea, or lethargy or a combination of these clinical signs. Radiography, ultrasonography, or thoracocentesis were used to confirm the presence of pleural fluid in each dog.

Use of a centrifugation-based, point-of-care device for production of canine autologous bone marrow and platelet concentrates.

Objective: To analyze a centrifugation-based, point-of-care device that concentrates canine platelets and bone marrow-derived cells.

Animals: 19 adult sexually intact dogs.

Procedures: Anticoagulated peripheral blood (60 mL) and 60 mL of anticoagulated bone marrow aspirate (BMA) were concentrated by centrifugation with the centrifugation-based, point-of-care device to form a platelet and a bone marrow concentrate (BMC) from 11 dogs.

Outcomes of cats with oral tumors treated with mandibulectomy: 42 cases.

Medical records of 42 cats treated with mandibulectomy for oral neoplasia at eight institutions were reviewed to determine morbidity, progression-free interval, and survival time. Progression-free and survival rates at 1 and 2 years were 56% and 49%, and 60% and 57%, respectively. Cats with squamous cell carcinoma had significantly shorter survival than cats with fibrosarcoma or osteosarcoma.

Evaluation of factors associated with survival in dogs with untreated nasal carcinomas: 139 cases (1993-2003).

Objective: To evaluate factors associated with survival in dogs with nasal carcinomas that did not receive treatment or received only palliative treatment.

Design: Retrospective case series.

Animals: 139 dogs with histologically confirmed nasal carcinomas.