Differences in prescribing patterns of opioid dependence drugs among patients with primary alcohol use problems and opioid use disorders within New York State by social determinant factors, 2005-2018.

Background: The increase in alcohol use problems and opioid use disorder (OUD) highlights the need for research on effective medication treatments for patients with dual diagnoses.

Objectives: This study analyzed trends and social disparities in prescribing OUD medications for patients who initially had alcohol use problems and later received their first OUD diagnosis.

Methods: This study utilized merged data from the New York State Office of Addiction Services and Supports and the Medicaid to analyze individuals aged 18 and older who initially had primary alcohol use problems and later had OUD for the first time between 2005 and 2018.

Incidence, Timing and Social Correlates of the Development of Opioid Use Disorder Among Clients Seeking Treatment for an Alcohol Use Problem: Changes Over the Three Waves of the Opioid Epidemic.

Introduction: Opioid use disorder (OUD) and opioid overdose (OD) have shown to be strongly associated with alcohol use disorder (AUD). As a potential target population for secondary prevention, we examined the incidence and timing of OUD/OD among clients seeking treatment for alcohol problems and how this has changed over the three waves of the opioid epidemic corresponding to the primary opioid involved in fatal ODs, prescription painkillers (2007-2009), heroin (2010-2012), and fentanyl (2013-2016). We also examined social determinants of health as predictors of OUD/OD.

The Effect of Antidepressants on Withdrawal in Patients with Alcohol Dependence: A Retrospective Study.

The use of electronic health records has expanded in the past decades, with healthcare entities storing terabytes of patient health data. In this study, we investigated how these databases can be utilized to generate clinically relevant information. We used the Office of Addiction Services and Supports Client Data Systems data merged with the NYS Medicaid Data Warehouse to study the relationship of certain antidepressants on alcohol withdrawal (AW) rates in patients with alcohol dependence (AD).

Assessing experts' perspectives on challenges in substance misuse prevention, harm reduction, and treatment to shape funding priorities in New York State.

Background: Drug overdose is a leading cause of death and opioid-related deaths increased by more than 300% from 2010 to 2020 in New York State. Experts holding a range of senior leadership positions from across New York State were asked to identify the greatest challenges in substance misuse prevention, harm reduction, and treatment continuum of care. Expert input was used to shape funding priorities.

Characteristics of Patients Presenting at an Emergency Department for a Heroin Overdose vs Detoxification.

Purpose: This study compares substance use, treatment histories, and sociodemographic characteristics of patients presenting to an emergency department (ED) following a heroin overdose or seeking detoxification services for heroin and examines risk factors for a subsequent return to the ED for a substance-related problem.

Methods: A convenience sample of patients presenting for an overdose or detoxification at an urban teaching ED was recruited for this study. During their ED visit, patients were interviewed regarding demographics, substance use experiences, and treatment history.

Parent Alcohol Use and Problems in Children's Alcohol-Related Learning and Subsequent Alcohol Use.

: Alcohol cognitions can emerge early in life and have lasting associations with alcohol use behavior. Observational learning theories suggest that witnessing alcohol use and its consequences may be an important mechanism underlying early development of alcohol cognitions. Parents are among the earliest contributors to children's alcohol-related learning, although findings regarding the association of parental alcohol use and problems with children's alcohol-related beliefs and attitudes are considerably mixed.

A cohort of patients in New York State with an alcohol use disorder and subsequent treatment information - A merging of two administrative data sources.

Objective: Despite the high prevalence of alcohol use disorder (AUD) in the United States, limited research is focused on the associations among AUD, pain, and opioids/benzodiazepine use. In addition, little is known regarding individuals with a history of AUD and their potential risk for pain diagnoses, pain prescriptions, and subsequent misuse. Moreover, the potential risk of pain diagnoses, prescriptions, and subsequent misuse among individuals with a history of AUD is not well known.

Elixir of love or venom of violence: When does a drinking event result in couple intimacy or couple conflict?

The short-term consequences of drinking events may be positive or negative. Most studies have considered only one outcome, but people may experience different alcohol outcomes on different occasions, depending on the circumstances. The present study sought to identify predictors of drinking events that resulted in couple intimacy, conflict, or neither outcome using existing data from a 30-day ecological momentary assessment (EMA) study.

The Effects of Strain-Based Work-Parenting Conflict on Dual Income Couples' Energy.

(1) Background: Gender differences between men's and women's parenting roles are well-documented as the "second shift". We examined the main effects and interaction of work distress and parenting distress with energy (i.e.

Do couple drinking episodes lead to intimate partner aggression? An ecological momentary assessment study of same-sex and mixed-sex couples.

Objective: Alcohol use is an established risk factor for intimate partner aggression (IPA); however, few studies have considered whether couple drinking episodes increase the short-term likelihood of IPA episodes. The present ecological momentary assessment study considered the temporal effects of alcohol consumption on IPA perpetration and victimization within a sample of community couples at elevated risk of aggression.

Method: Mixed-sex ( = 191), same-sex male ( = 31), and same-sex female ( = 27) cohabiting couples (total = 249; ages 21-35) made three independent, random reports for 30 consecutive days.

Trends in Prescribing Opioids, Benzodiazepines, and Both Among Adults with Alcohol Use Disorder in New York State.

Background: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a highly prevalent public health problem that contributes to opioid- and benzodiazepine-related morbidity and mortality. Even though co-utilization of these substances is particularly harmful, data are sparse on opioid or benzodiazepine prescribing patterns among individuals with AUD.

Objective: To estimate temporal trends and disparities in opioid, benzodiazepine, and opioid/benzodiazepine co-prescribing among individuals with AUD in New York State (NYS).

The Chicago Health and Life Experiences of Women Couples Study: Protocol for a Study of Stress, Hazardous Drinking, and Intimate Partner Aggression Among Sexual Minority Women and Their Partners.

Background: Large gaps exist in research on alcohol use and intimate partner aggression (IPA) among sexual minority women (SMW; eg, lesbian, bisexual). Dyadic research with SMW and their partners can illuminate how couple-level factors operate in conjunction with individual-level factors to shape well-being in this understudied and vulnerable population. Given the traditionally gendered lens with which women are primarily viewed as victims and men as perpetrators, understanding the dynamics of IPA in same-sex female couples can also advance research and practice related to IPA more generally.

Early Childhood Risk and Protective Factors Predicting Resilience against Adolescent Substance Use.

We examined associations between early childhood (first 3 years of life) risk and protective factors and resilience against adolescent substance use in a prospective sample of alcoholic and non-alcoholic families. We defined resilience as low or no substance use in the context of adversity (having a father with alcohol problems). The sample included 227 families recruited from birth records when children were 12 months old and followed longitudinally to 15-17 years of child ages (n = 182).

A dyadic approach to attachment anxiety and avoidance, marital conflict, and drinking.

In this research, we integrate attachment theory and dyadic methodology to examine how attachment anxiety and avoidance might interact with marital conflict to influence alcohol consumption, drinking motives, and alcohol-related problems in a sample of 280 married and cohabiting couples over 3 years. Both husband and wife attachment anxiety were related to higher levels of own drinking to cope and alcohol-related problems. Additionally, both husband and wife reports of marital conflict were associated with own alcohol-related problems.

Do schizotypy features predict cannabis problems in partnered community adults?

Schizotypy and its associated features-negative schizotypy, disorganization, and positive schizotypy-are correlated with increased cannabis use. Yet, it is unclear whether cannabis users with schizotypy are at greater risk of developing cannabis problems. Individuals with elevated schizotypy may be particularly vulnerable to cannabis problems.

The Influence of Drinking Buddies: A Longitudinal Investigation of Drinking Motivations and Drinking Behaviors in Emerging Adults.

Heavy alcohol consumption and frequent alcohol use are associated with many adverse social and physical consequences. The different motivations underlying why people drink predict different patterns of alcohol consumption. A drinking buddy (i.

Differences in Opioid Overdose Mortality Rates Among Middle-Aged Adults by Race/Ethnicity and Sex, 1999-2018.

Objectives: The types of opioids abused in the United States have changed from prescription opioids to heroin to fentanyl. However, the types of opioids abused may differ by demographic factors, especially among middle-aged adults. We examined national trends in opioid overdose mortality rates among middle-aged adults by race/ethnicity and sex.

Does state self-control depletion predict relationship functioning and partner aggression? An ecological momentary assessment study of community couples.

Intimate relationship functioning depends upon the ability to accommodate one's partner and to inhibit retaliatory and aggressive impulses when disagreements arise. However, accommodation and inhibition may be difficult when self-control strength is weak or depleted by prior exertion of self-control. The present study considered whether state self-control depletion prospectively predicts male and female self-reports of anger with partner and arguing with partner.

Investigating Relations between Traumatic Brain Injury and Relationship Functioning among OIF/OEF Veterans.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the most common injuries among Veterans of Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) and Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF). TBI can negatively affect Veterans' close relationships, undermining an important source of support to aid recovery and rehabilitation. Given the complex symptom profile of TBI, the present research aimed to pinpoint key mediators of the link between TBI and marital functioning to help identify targets for intervention.

Relationships on the rocks: A meta-analysis of romantic partner effects on alcohol use.

The partner influence hypothesis postulates one partner's alcohol use influences the other partner's alcohol use over time. Although several studies have examined the partner influence hypothesis, the magnitude and gender-specific nature of partner influences on alcohol use are unclear and have yet to be examined meta-analytically. We addressed this by conducting a traditional bivariate meta-analysis and two-stage meta-analytic structural equation modeling across 17 studies ( = 10,553 couples).

Reforming medical education admission and training in low- and middle-income countries: who gets admitted and why it matters.

Recent studies reveal public-sector healthcare providers in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are frequently absent from work, solicit informal payments for service delivery, and engage in disrespectful or abusive treatment of patients. While extrinsic factors may foster and facilitate these negative practices, it is not often feasible to alter the external environment in low-resource settings. In contrast, healthcare professionals with strong intrinsic motivation and a desire to serve the needs of their community are less likely to engage in these negative behaviors and may draw upon internal incentives to deliver a high quality of care.

Does Drinking Together Promote Relationship Intimacy? Temporal Effects of Daily Drinking Events.

Objective: Although research has documented harms associated with drinking within intimate relationships, there is evidence that some drinking patterns-characterized by congruent or shared partner drinking-may be associated with positive relationship functioning. The present dyadic daily diary study allowed us to consider whether congruent drinking events and drinking with partner increase the likelihood of experiencing intimacy with one's partner within the next few hours.

Method: Within a sample of 119 community couples in which both partners drank regularly, we studied the temporal relationship between drinking events and intimacy experiences using 56 days of daily reports.

Teen Dating Violence in a High-Risk Sample: The Protective Role of Maternal Acceptance.

Exposure to marital conflict has been identified as a risk factor for teen dating violence (TDV). Given the high rates of marital conflict observed in families affected by paternal alcoholism, children of alcoholic fathers may be at increased risk for TDV. Positive parenting behaviors are protective against TDV in general, but whether they can attenuate the effects of exposure to marital conflict is uncertain.

Marijuana Use Episodes and Partner Intimacy Experiences: A Daily Report Study.

Although marijuana use has been linked to negative consequences for intimate relationships, an emerging literature suggests that under some circumstances it may have positive consequences. Couples who use substances together report better relationship functioning over time and may experience positive short-term outcomes. Using a sample of 183 heterosexual, frequent marijuana-using couples from the community, reporting over 30 consecutive days, we examined whether marijuana use episodes were associated temporally with reports of couple intimacy experiences within the next two hours.