The role of managed care organizations in obesity management.

In the United States, obesity is characterized as this century's greatest healthcare threat. The American Medical Association and several other large organizations now classify obesity as a disease. Several federal initiatives are in the planning stages, have been approved, or are being implemented to address the disease.

Effective and efficient diagnosis of parkinsonism: the role of dopamine transporter SPECT imaging with ioflupane I-123 injection (DaTscan™).

Parkinson's disease (PD), the second-most common neurodegenerative disease, is characterized by motor and nonmotor symptoms. PD is often misdiagnosed; inappropriate treatment due to misdiagnosis has undesired consequences, as does delayed diagnosis. Unfortunately, most people with PD receive a diagnosis only after motor symptoms have emerged, by which time 40% to 60% of dopamine neurons have already been lost.

Improving transitions of care for patients with thromboembolic disease.

Patients with or at risk for thromboembolic disease have many transitional interactions within the healthcare system. Transitions of care--when patients move between or within sites of care, or transition from inpatient to outpatient status--create repeated and diverse opportunities for medication errors, rehospitalization, and other adverse events that may increase costs. Although effective antithrombotic therapies are available, these therapies are complex, underprescribed, and frequently suboptimally managed, a situation further exacerbated by poor patient adherence to therapy.

The importance of treatment adherence in HIV.

Treatment adherence is generally regarded as an important factor in achieving optimal outcomes across many disease states; in the treatment of HIV, poor adherence to treatment has the potential to impact outcomes on multiple levels. Poor adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is associated with less effective viral suppression, which risks the immediate health of the patient, but also risks creating permanent treatment resistance to that particular agent or group of agents within a given combination therapy regimen. This may have downstream effects on treatment costs as well as therapeutic options.

Asthma management guidelines: updates, advances, and new options.

Background: Asthma still poses a substantial and unacceptable health and economic burden. The National Asthma Education and Prevention Program (NAEPP) guidelines for the management of asthma continue to evolve based on emerging clinical data, improving the understanding of asthma and approaches to its management.

Objective: To examine the clinical implications of current NAEPP guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of asthma and the potential impact of the proposed 2007 guidelines update on asthma management.