Publications by authors named "Kenneth Kenyon"
Article Synopsis
- A study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of a dexamethasone intracanalicular insert (DEX) for treating allergic conjunctivitis (AC) in adults, comparing it to a placebo.
- 96 participants were randomized into two groups (DEX and placebo) and underwent allergen challenges to assess symptoms like ocular itching and redness over 30 days.
- Results showed that the DEX insert significantly reduced eye itching and redness compared to placebo without serious side effects, indicating it might be a safe and effective treatment option for AC.
Purpose: The International Committee for the Classification of Corneal Dystrophies (IC3D) was created in 2005 to develop a new classification system integrating current information on phenotype, histopathology, and genetic analysis. This update is the third edition of the IC3D nomenclature.
Methods: Peer-reviewed publications from 2014 to 2023 were evaluated.
The melanocortin receptor pan-agonist PL9643, a potential therapy for ocular diseases, was investigated in a phase 2, 12-week study in patients with dry eye disease (DED). This was a placebo-controlled study evaluating efficacy and safety of thrice-daily PL9643. Placebo (vehicle) was similar to tears.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: The aim of this study was to determine anterior segment optical coherence tomography angiography (AS-OCTA) parameters to assess ocular redness severity.
Methods: AS-OCTA analyses of 60 eyes of 40 patients were grouped according to ocular redness stages using the 5-category validated bulbar redness scale in a cross-sectional retrospective study (groups 1-5). A subset of patients with slit-lamp photographs, total 35 eyes of 23 patients, were assessed with 10-category validated bulbar redness scale for comparison.
Following identification of limbal stem cells, efforts have been devoted to restore and/or replace these essential progenitors of the corneal epithelium. Limbal stem cell deficiency, commonly a consequence of ocular chemical injury, results in clinically compromised vision consequent to corneal conjunctivalization. The insight of Kim and Tseng provided experimental proof of the concept that even in the presence of total limbal stem cell deficiency, amnion membrane overlay grafts can promote limbal recovery as a means of ocular surface reconstruction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: The purpose of this report was to describe 4 cases of acute corneal transplant rejection occurring in association with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mRNA vaccination.
Methods: Four patients with prior keratoplasty developed presumed immunologic rejection after the mRNA-1273 vaccination for coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Case 1 had received Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty 6 months ago and presented with endothelial graft rejection 3 weeks after the first vaccine dose.
Efficacy of a hinged pupil expansion device in small pupil cataract surgery.
Indian J Ophthalmol
October 2021
Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a hinged pupil expansion device (PED) in eyes with small pupils undergoing phacoemulsification.
Methods: In this prospective, multicenter, interventional case series of 57 eyes with suboptimal pharmacologic pupil dilation (<5 mm diameter), a hinged PED (I-Ring, Beaver-Visitec International, Waltham, MA) was applied to facilitate surgical visualization during cataract surgery. The pupil diameters (PD) were measured at different stages of the procedure and at the 1-month follow-up visit.
Purpose: Assessment of anterior segment-optical coherence tomography angiography (AS-OCTA) to determine severity of corneal neovascularization (CoNV).
Design: Retrospective, cross-sectional, single-center study.
Methods: Patients of various CoNV etiologies were selected and classified into mild, moderate, and severe.
Purpose: To determine the utility of anterior segment optical coherence tomography angiography (AS-OCTA) in assessing limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD).
Methods: Twenty-six eyes of 24 LSCD patients, classified clinically into stage I, II and III, and 12 eyes of 12 healthy subjects were included. AS-OCTA images were analyzed by two masked observers, measuring the maximum corneal vascular extension (CoVE) from the limbus to the furthest vessel over the cornea, and corneal vascular thickness (CoVT) from the most superficial to the deepest corneal vessel.
Diabetes mellitus is a disease caused by innate or acquired insulin deficiency, resulting in altered glucose metabolism and high blood glucose levels. Chronic hyperglycemia is linked to development of several ocular pathologies affecting the anterior segment, including diabetic corneal neuropathy and keratopathy, neovascular glaucoma, edema, and cataracts leading to significant visual defects. Due to increasing disease prevalence, related medical care costs, and visual impairment resulting from diabetes, a need has arisen to devise alternative systems to study molecular mechanisms involved in disease onset and progression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNew in vitro tissue models to mimic in vivo conditions are needed to provide insight into mechanisms involved in peripheral pain responses, potential therapeutic strategies to address these responses, and to replace animal models for such indications. For example, the rabbit cornea Draize test has become the standard method used for decades to screen ophthalmic drug and consumer product toxicity. In vitro tissue models with functional innervation have the potential to replace in vivo animal testing and provide sophisticated bench tools to study ocular nociception and its amelioration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Galectin-3 is a carbohydrate-binding protein known to promote expression of matrix metalloproteinases, a hallmark of ulceration, through interaction with the extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer CD147. The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution of galectin-3 in corneas of patients with ulcerative keratitis and to determine its relationship to CD147 and the presence of gelatinolytic activity.
Methods: This was an observational case series involving donor tissue from 13 patients with active corneal ulceration and 6 control corneas.
Purpose: To propose a new treatment paradigm for chemical burns to the eye - in the acute and chronic phases.
Methods: Recent laboratory and clinical data on the biology and treatment of chemical burns are analyzed.
Results: Corneal blindness from chemical burns can now be successfully treated with a keratoprosthesis, on immediate and intermediate bases.
Purpose: To compare aqueous humor concentrations of topically applied moxifloxacin 0.5% ophthalmic solution alone or in combination with dexamethasone 0.1% and to correlate these concentrations with the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for common endophthalmitis-causing organisms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Although members of the galectin family of carbohydrate-binding proteins are thought to play a role in the immune response and regulation of allograft survival, little is known about the galectin expression signature in failed corneal grafts. The aim of this study was to compare the galectin expression pattern in accepted and rejected murine corneal allografts.
Methods: Using BALB/c mice as recipients and C57BL/6 mice as donors, a total of 57 transplants were successfully performed.
Purpose: To update the 2008 International Classification of Corneal Dystrophies (IC3D) incorporating new clinical, histopathologic, and genetic information.
Methods: The IC3D reviewed worldwide peer-reviewed articles for new information on corneal dystrophies published between 2008 and 2014. Using this information, corneal dystrophy templates and anatomic classification were updated.
Background: To assess the effects of amniotic membrane extract (AMX) on cellular activity of primary human corneal epithelial (HCE) cells under mechanical and oxidative stress, and on human limbal cells under oxidative stress.
Methods: Corneal mechanical stress was simulated with a linear scratch in confluent HCE cell plates, then incubated with 0.1% AMX for 48 and 72 h.
Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of donor and recipient factors on corneal allograft rejection and evaluate whether a rejection event was associated with graft failure.
Methods: One thousand ninety subjects undergoing penetrating keratoplasty for a moderate risk condition (principally Fuchs dystrophy or pseudophakic corneal edema) were followed for up to 12 years. Associations of baseline recipient and donor factors with the occurrence of a rejection event were assessed in univariate and multivariate proportional hazards models.
Surgical outcomes after application of a liquid adhesive ocular bandage to clear corneal incisions during cataract surgery.
J Cataract Refract Surg
November 2013
Purpose: To compare the anatomic and refractive outcomes in eyes having phacoemulsification with 1 of 3 clear corneal incision (CCI) closure methods.
Setting: Ambulatory surgical center, Makati, Philippines.
Design: Prospective randomized clinical trial.
Background: Left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) are increasingly used in advanced heart failure patients. Despite proven efficacy, optimal timing of LVAD implantation is not well defined.
Methods: Patients receiving an LVAD were prospectively recorded.
Purpose: To describe a case of conjunctival malignant melanoma (MM) arising from primary acquired melanosis in a patient with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1).
Methods: Case report and literature review.
Results: A 66-year-old woman with a history of NF-1 presented with extensive pigmentation of the left bulbar conjunctiva.
Clevidipine: an ultra short-acting calcium channel antagonist for acute hypertension.
Ann Pharmacother
July 2009
Objective: To review the safety, efficacy, and pharmacologic characteristics of clevidipine, a new ultra short-acting intravenous antihypertensive agent for the treatment of moderate-to-severe hypertension.
Data Sources: A literature search was conducted through MEDLINE (1966-March 2009), International Pharmaceutical Abstracts (1970-March 2009), and EMBASE (1988-March 2009) using the search terms clevidipine, H324/38, hypertension, and hypertensive crisis.
Study Selection And Data Extraction: Available studies, abstracts, and review articles published in English that evaluated the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, safety, and clinical efficacy of clevidipine were reviewed and critically evaluated.
Aims: A standard metric to estimate absolute treatment effects is numbers-needed-to-treat (NNT), which implicitly assumes that all benefits reverse at trial-end. However, in-trial survival benefits typically do not reverse until long after trial-end, so that NNT will substantially underestimate lifetime benefits.
Methods And Results: We developed a new concept, years-needed-to-treat (YNT) to add 1 year of life, that quantifies the expected average life expectancy for two treatments including the estimated years of life remaining post-trial.
Discrepancies in identification of major bleeding events in patients taking warfarin.
Pharmacotherapy
September 2008
Study Objective: To assess the level of agreement between one subjective definition of major bleeding (criteria A) and two objective definitions: the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis ([ISTH] criteria B) and the Italian Study of Complications of Anticoagulant Therapy ([ISCOAT] criteria C).
Design: Retrospective cohort study.
Setting: Four anticoagulation clinics at a university-affiliated medical center.