The Fate and Prognostic Implications of Hyperreflective Crystalline Deposits in Nonneovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

Purpose: To explore patterns of disease progression in nonneovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) associated with hyperreflective crystalline deposits (HCDs) in the sub-retinal pigment epithelium-basal laminar space.

Methods: Retrospective review of medical records, multimodal imaging, and longitudinal eye-tracked near-infrared reflectance (NIR) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) spanning ≥2 years. NIR/OCT images were analyzed with ImageJ software to identify HCD morphology and location.

Comparative efficacy of unique antiepileptic drug regimens in focal epilepsy: An exploratory study.

Objective: To compare efficacy of unique antiepileptic drug (AED) polytherapy regimens among patients with focal epilepsy.

Methods: From a longitudinal study of AED treatment, we identified patients with active focal epilepsy who had attempted at least two unique AED regimens (mono-, duo-, or tri-therapy). Efficacy was defined as the presence of at least one six-month period of continuous seizure freedom during exposure to a regimen.

Prevalence and risk factors of seizure clusters in adult patients with epilepsy.

Purpose: In the current study, we explored the prevalence of physician-confirmed seizure clusters. We also investigated potential clinical factors associated with the occurrence of seizure clusters overall and by epilepsy type.

Methods: We reviewed medical records of 4116 adult (≥16years old) outpatients with epilepsy at our centers for documentation of seizure clusters.

UNUSUAL CASE OF STELLATE NONHEREDITARY IDIOPATHIC FOVEOMACULAR RETINOSCHISIS.

Purpose: To report a case of unilateral stellate nonhereditary idiopathic foveomacular retinoschisis (SNIFR) in a young male showing structural changes induced by a Valsalva maneuver.

Methods: Case report of a 26-year-old oboist with SNIFR, including multimodal imaging. Eye-tracked spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) was used to compare the retinal architecture at rest and during a Valsalva maneuver.

Drug-resistant epilepsy in adults: Outcome trajectories after failure of two medications.

Objective: To examine the seizure trajectories of adults with epilepsy developing drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) and to identify the predictors of seizure trajectory outcome.

Methods: Adult patients failing two antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) due to inefficacy and starting their third AED at a tertiary epilepsy center were followed for seizure trajectory outcome during medical management. Seizure trajectories were categorized into one of four patterns: (1) course with constant seizures; (2) fluctuating course; (3) delayed attainment of seizure freedom (seizure freedom delayed for >12 months after start of the study, but patient stayed in seizure freedom); and (4) early attainment of seizure freedom (within 12 months of starting study).

Rates and predictors of patient-reported cognitive side effects of antiepileptic drugs: An extended follow-up.

Purpose: Impact of adverse effects of antiepileptic medications (AEDs) such as cognitive side effects (CSEs) on quality of life can be significant. Here we provide an extended follow-up to our earlier study to investigate the predictors of cognitive side effects (CSEs) and relative frequency of CSEs among all commonly used AEDs.

Methods: In this retrospective study, medical records of 2860 adult outpatients with epilepsy seen at our center over a 12-year period who had taken one or more AEDs were examined.

Cross-sensitivity of patient-perceived adverse cognitive effects with antiepileptic drug use.

Objective: The extent to which adverse cognitive effects (ACEs) to a specific antiepileptic drug (AED) affect the chance of developing ACEs to other AEDs (i.e., cross-sensitivity) is unknown.

Effects of two eye drop products on computer users with subjective ocular discomfort.

Background: An increasing number of people seek medical attention for symptoms of visual discomfort due to computer vision syndrome (CVS). We compared the efficacy and adverse event rates of a new eye lubricant, OptiZen (InnoZen, Inc., polysorbate 80 0.