Modeling genotypes in their microenvironment to predict single- and multi-cellular behavior.

A cell's phenotype is the set of observable characteristics resulting from the interaction of the genotype with the surrounding environment, determining cell behavior. Deciphering genotype-phenotype relationships has been crucial to understanding normal and disease biology. Analysis of molecular pathways has provided an invaluable tool to such understanding; however, typically it does not consider the physical microenvironment, which is a key determinant of phenotype.

Mastalgia: a review of management.

Mastalgia affects up to two-thirds of women at some time during their reproductive lives. It is usually benign, but thefear of underlying breast cancer is why many women present for evaluation. Mastalgia can be associated with premenstrual syndrome, fibrocystic breast disease, psychologic disturbance and, rarely, breast cancer.

Health and nutrition in a Philippine highland community.

The article deals with the nutritional habits of the people of Bauko, an upland community in the northern Philippine island of Luzon, and its implications for health preservation and disease management. Data on dietary behavior were collected through a 24-hour-recall survey administered to a representative sample of students and adults. This method provided researchers with the information needed to infer the people's concept of food, to explore differences and similarities in the dietary behavior of young and adult individuals, to describe strategies utilized in food preparation, and to establish the nutritional content of the diet's main components.