Mortality associated with third-generation cephalosporin resistance in Enterobacterales bloodstream infections at eight sub-Saharan African hospitals (MBIRA): a prospective cohort study.

Background: Bacteria of the order Enterobacterales are common pathogens causing bloodstream infections in sub-Saharan Africa and are frequently resistant to third-generation cephalosporin antibiotics. Although third-generation cephalosporin resistance is believed to lead to adverse outcomes, this relationship is difficult to quantify and has rarely been studied in this region. We aimed to measure the effects associated with resistance to third-generation cephalosporins in hospitalised patients with Enterobacterales bloodstream infection in Africa.

Circumstances for treatment and control of invasive Enterobacterales infections in eight hospitals across sub-Saharan Africa: a cross-sectional study.

Bloodstream infections caused by Enterobacterales show high frequency of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in many Low- and Middle-Income Countries. We aimed to describe the variation in circumstances for management of such resistant infections in a group of African public-sector hospitals participating in a major research study. We gathered data from eight hospitals across sub-Saharan Africa to describe hospital services, infection prevention and antibiotic stewardship activities, using two WHO-generated tools.

Early-Onset Neonatal Sepsis in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Current Challenges and Future Opportunities.

Neonatal sepsis is defined as a systemic infection within the first 28 days of life, with early-onset sepsis (EOS) occurring within the first 72h, although the definition of EOS varies in literature. Whilst the global incidence has dramatically reduced over the last decade, neonatal sepsis remains an important cause of neonatal mortality, highest in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Symptoms at the onset of neonatal sepsis can be subtle, and therefore EOS is often difficult to diagnose from clinical presentation and laboratory testing and blood cultures are not always conclusive or accessible, especially in resource limited countries.

A mini- national surveillance study of resistance profiles of isolated from clinical specimens across hospitals in Nigeria.

Background: Infections with Staphylococcus aureus cause significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Resistant strains of S. aureus to commonly used antibiotics are being increasingly encountered in clinical practice, necessitating the need to determine the resistance pattern in Nigeria.

The presence of microorganisms in follicular fluid and its effect on the outcome of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) treatment cycles.

Objectives: To determine if the presence of microorganisms in follicular fluid of women undergoing in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) adversely affects the outcome of the treatment cycles.

Methods: Follicular fluid was collected from 86 women enrolled for IVF-ET at the National Hospital, Abuja from June 1, 2018 to December 1, 2018. Microscopy imaging and cultures were performed to identify bacteria and fungi in the follicular fluid and the vagina.

The efficacy of intermittent preventive therapy in the eradication of peripheral and placental parasitemia in a malaria-endemic environment, as seen in a tertiary hospital in Abuja, Nigeria.

Objective: To determine whether intermittent preventive therapy in pregnancy (IPTp) eradicates peripheral and placental malaria and improves birth weight.

Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted of 426 pregnant mothers on IPTp with sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine against malaria who presented in labor, at National Hospital Abuja, Nigeria between January and June 2017. The hospital is within the malaria-endemic zone of West Africa.

Profiles of acute bacterial meningitis isolates in children in National Hospital, Abuja.

Background: Acute bacterial meningitis (ABM) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. It is an acute medical emergency that requires urgent rational antibiotic therapy, especially in neonates and young infants. Determining the pattern and susceptibility of isolates of ABM among children for prompt treatment of this important cause of mortality and morbidity is very important.

Dual Path Platform HIV 1/2 assay: evaluation of a novel rapid test using oral fluids for HIV screening at the National Hospital in Abuja, Nigeria.

HIV/AIDS disease is endemic in Nigeria and associated with stigmatization. Availability of a reliable rapid testing kit and procedure will increase uptake of services. The study aimed to determine the correlation between detection of HIV antibodies in blood to that in oral fluid and to determine the sensitivity and specificity of the Dual Path Platform (DPP) testing kit using oral fluid samples.

Bacteriological profile of neonatal septicaemia in a tertiary hospital in Nigeria.

Background: Neonatal septicaemia is an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Knowledge of the bacteriological profile of the aetiologic agents is very important and helps to reduce the associated mortality in neonatal septicaemia.

Objective: To determine the bacteriological profile of common aetiologic agents of neonatal septicaemia and their antibiotics sensitivity pattern.