Combined Endonasal and Orbital Approach for Resection of Orbital Apical Tumors.

Purpose: Tumors of the medial orbital apex can be challenging to resect. Primary endonasal resection can be limited by requirements for fat retraction and poor angulation for lateral orbital dissection. Orbital resection alone can have space limitations and a limited view for dissection of the posterior aspect of the tumor.

The use of titanium T-plate as platform for globe alignment in severe paralytic and restrictive strabismus.

Purpose: To evaluate the long-term effectiveness of improved ocular alignment using a suture/T-plate anchoring platform system.

Design: Retrospective, noncomparative, interventional case series.

Methods: setting: Institutional.