Effect of lidocaine on salicylate-induced tinnitus in guinea pigs: A focus on the auditory cortex.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of the intravenous administration of lidocaine in the auditory cortex after the systemic administration of salicylate. Healthy male albino Hartley guinea pigs were divided into two groups. The control group received only lidocaine, whereas the experimental group received lidocaine after checking for the effects of salicylate.

Involvement of mechano-sensitive Piezo1 channel in the differentiation of brown adipocytes.

Brown adipocytes expend energy via heat production and are a potential target for the prevention of obesity and related metabolic disorders. Piezo1 is a Ca-permeable non-selective cation channel activated by mechanical stimuli. Piezo1 is reported to be involved in mechano-sensation in non-sensory tissues.

The effect of systemic administration of salicylate on the auditory cortex of guinea pigs.

Objective: To investigate the effect of systemic administration of salicylate as a tinnitus inducing drug in the auditory cortex of guinea pigs.

Methods: Extracellular recording of spikes of the primary auditory cortex and dorsocaudal areas in healthy male albino Hartley guinea pigs was continuously performed (pre- and post-salicylate).

Results: We recorded 160 single units in the primary auditory cortex from five guinea pigs and 156 single units in the dorsocaudal area from another five guinea pigs.

Evaluation of postoperative complications for patent ductus arteriosus in extremely-low-birthweight infants.

Background: Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), which disrupts the hemodynamics early after birth, causes intraventricular hemorrhage and neonatal necrotizing. Unlike medical treatment for hemodynamically significant PDA, there are institutional disparities in the criteria for surgical treatment METHODS: We aimed to clarify the postoperative indications of surgery for hemodynamically significant PDA and the postoperative complications associated with surgery.

Results: Thirty-six extremely-low-birthweight infants (median gestational age 25.

Clinical outcomes following injections of leukocyte-rich platelet-rich plasma in osteoarthritis patients.

Background: Scientists are trying to discover how to repair cartilage defects in knee osteoarthritis (KOA). In our previous study, we found a fibrocartilage-rich cover over the defective portions of cartilage after administering leukocyte-rich platelet-rich plasma (LR-PRP). This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of multiple injections of LR-PRP for the treatment of KOA and determine an LR-PRP treatment protocol for KOA in actual clinical practice.

Blood reservoir function in patients with Fontan circulation and asplenia syndrome.

Splanchnic circulation constitutes a major portion of the vasculature capacitance and plays an important role in maintaining blood perfusion. Because patients with asplenia syndrome lack this vascular bed as a blood reservoir, they may have a unique blood volume and distribution, which may be related to their vulnerability to the haemodynamic changes often observed in clinical practice. During cardiac catheterisation, the mean circulatory filling pressure was calculated with the Valsalva manoeuvre in 19 patients with Fontan circulation, including 5 patients with asplenia syndrome.

SAMD9 mutations cause a novel multisystem disorder, MIRAGE syndrome, and are associated with loss of chromosome 7.

Adrenal hypoplasia is a rare, life-threatening congenital disorder. Here we define a new form of syndromic adrenal hypoplasia, which we propose to term MIRAGE (myelodysplasia, infection, restriction of growth, adrenal hypoplasia, genital phenotypes, and enteropathy) syndrome. By exome sequencing and follow-up studies, we identified 11 patients with adrenal hypoplasia and common extra-adrenal features harboring mutations in SAMD9.

Evaluation of high-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry method for pharmacokinetic study of local anesthetic ropivacaine in plasma.

We studied the viability of high-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (LC/MS) as a selective and sensitive analytical method for measuring blood concentrations of the local anesthetic ropivacaine. Ropivacaine was effectively separated using a reverse-phase column and monitored at 275 m/z ion. The LC/MS method allowed measurement of concentrations of ropivacaine of lower than 75 ng/mL.

Neonatal myocardial infarction due to thrombotic occlusion.

Neonatal myocardial infarction is rare and its prognosis is poor. We describe the clinical course and autopsy findings of a newborn female with myocardial infarction. Her clinical course was rapidly progressive, becoming fatal before we could detect the cause.

Recovery of human compound action potential using a paired-click stimulation paradigm.

The recovery process from adaptation of the compound action potential (CAP) was studied using an equilevel paired click stimulation paradigm in humans with normal hearing. The CAP amplitude to the second click of paired clicks was normalized to the amplitude to the first click. The second-click CAP amplitude recovered as a function of interclick interval (ICI) between the first and the second click of a pair.

Neck metastasis of a myxoid liposarcoma of the lower extremity.

We report the clinical features of two cases presenting metastatic neck tumors (in the anterior neck and submandibular regions) secondary to myxoid liposarcoma of the lower extremity. Both cases underwent repeated resection of primary legions of the lower extremities because of recurrences. Such repeated surgical procedures are thought to be a risk factor for distant metastasis resulting from hematogeneous dissemination of tumor cells, although there is considerable debate about multicentricity versus metastasis in liposarcomas.

Abnormalities of the electrogastrogram in globus pharyngeus.

There appear to be multiple indicators for the presence of globus pharyngeus. We have assumed that patients with abnormal gastric motility can be included among those suffering from globus pharyngeus. Gastric motility can be examined non-invasively using the electrogastrogram (EGG).

Cortical potentials evoked by horizontal rotatory stimulation: the effects of angular acceleration.

Objective: To examine the potentials evoked by rotatory stimulation, which we consider the optimal means of invoking angular acceleration and which may lead to clinical applications in patients with vertigo.

Material And Methods: Horizontal rotatory stimulation using a trapezoidal waveform was performed with 3 different angular accelerations (20, 15 and 10 degrees/s2) used sequentially, with alternating clockwise and counterclockwise stimulation, to normal subjects and a patient with bilateral loss of vestibular function.

Results: It is likely that angular accelerations of < 20 degrees/s2 produce minor somatosensory effects.

Genomic organization of the S-locus region of Brassica.

To gain some insights into the structure of the S-locus and the mechanisms that have kept its diversity, a 75-kb genomic fragment containing the self-incompatibility (S) locus region was isolated from the S12-haplotype of Brassica rapa and compared with those of other S-haplotypes. The region around the S determinant genes was highly polymorphic and filled with S-haplotype-specific intergenic sequences. The diverse genomic structure must contribute to the suppression of recombination at the S-locus.

Hearing impairment and tinnitus pitch in patients with unilateral tinnitus: comparison of sudden hearing loss and chronic tinnitus.

Objectives: The objectives were to analyze the results of pitch-matching and loudness-balance testing in patients with unilateral tinnitus and to evaluate the relationship between audiological findings based on the tinnitus-affected and tinnitus-unaffected threshold differences and tinnitus pitch by using linear interpolation methods. In addition, the effects of the duration of the tinnitus on this relationship were investigated. Sudden sensorineural hearing loss with tinnitus was selected for the "acute tinnitus" group, and unilateral tinnitus with unknown disease and a duration of more than 3 months was selected for the "chronic tinnitus" group.

Effects of nimodipine on quinine ototoxicity.

The compound action potential (CAP) in response to a click train stimulus was recorded at the round window of guinea pigs. Administration of quinine hydrochloride (200 mg/kg) significantly elevated the CAP thresholds by 5 to 25 dB (p < .05), and the CAP waveform elicited by the click train stimulus was abnormal.

Subcutaneous emphysema secondary to tonsillectomy: a case report.

We report a patient in whom subcutaneous emphysema developed shortly after a tonsillectomy. A 55-year-old female with a chronic tonsillitis underwent a tonsillectomy, and about 8 h after surgery complained of swelling to the left side of the face and neck. There was crepitus and local tenderness in the left side of the neck.

A case report of difficult diagnosis in the patient with advanced laryngeal tuberculosis.

We report a patient with severe laryngeal tuberculosis (LTB) involving thyroid cartilage and combined with whole-bone metastasis. A 57-year-old male had presented only with hoarseness. Radiological findings were indicative of suspected metastasis from a malignant tumor.

Two cases of Aspergillus sinusitis with bone destruction.

We experienced the clinical courses of two cases of destructive Aspergillus in paranasal sinuses in which an Aspergillus fungus ball was formed, and which caused bony destruction are described. The case in which a nidus could not be completely surgically removed and with intervening diabetes had an unfavorable prognosis. It is recommend to perform an early expanded operation as well as to administer a sufficient amount of antifungal drugs for the treatment of destructive Aspergillus in paranasal sinuses.

A rare case of olfactory neuroblastoma with intracranial extension.

Olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB) is a rare form of head and neck tumor, and further ONB presenting an intracranial extension is extremely rare. Therefore, at the present time there is no established therapeutic standard supported by oncological studies. Our report documents a patient who underwent a craniotomy in combination with transnasal approach for tumor excision, followed by postoperative irradiation.

A case of meningoencephalic herniation of the temporal bone.

A case of cerebrospinal fluid leakage from a meningoencephalic herniation of the temporal bone is presented. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging were useful for a diagnosis of meningoencephalic herniation. After surgical treatment, no recurrence was observed during a 6-month follow-up period.

Neurotological findings in a patient with narrow internal auditory canal: a case report.

We report neurotological findings in a patient with unilateral narrow internal auditory canal, as confirmed by computed tomography. The patient presented no auditory brainstem response on the affected side. Vestibular tests including vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (VEMP) and caloric test revealed normal function of both inferior and superior vestibular neural pathways.

Zinc deficiency and tinnitus.

Objective: To determine if there is a correlation between serum zinc levels and audiometric performance in tinnitus patients.

Methods: Seventy-three patients participated in this study. Patient's age was restricted to 20-59 years.

Changes in CAP adaptation in experimentally induced endolymphatic hydrops.

Objective: To determine the effect of experimentally induced endolymphatic hydrops (ELHs) on compound action potential (CAP) adaptation.

Methods: The CAP was recorded 1 month after surgical treatment to produce ELH. The CAP threshold in response to click stimuli showed no significant differences between the hydropic and control groups.