Phosphorylation of p27(KIP1) in lens epithelial cells after extraction of fiber cells.

Opacification of the posterior capsule depends on replication of the residual lens epithelial cells lining the capsule. However, the mechanisms in the regulation of lens cell proliferation have not been determined. The purpose of this study is to examine the expression of p27(KIP1), a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, and its phosphorylation, and cyclin D1 in lens epithelial cells after extraction of fiber cells.

Inhibition of nuclear factor-kappa B activation attenuates hydrogen peroxide-induced cytotoxicity in human lens epithelial cells.

Aims: Hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) is the major oxidant involved in cataract formation. Lens epithelial cells have been suggested to be the first site of oxidative damage. The authors investigated the relationship between H(2)O(2)-induced cytotoxicity and activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) in human lens epithelial (HLE) cells.

Inhibitory effects of lutein on endotoxin-induced uveitis in Lewis rats.

Purpose: Lutein deposits in the macula and lens of human eyes with high concentration and is well known as an eye-protective nutrient for its beneficial effects on eye disease such as age-related macular degeneration and cataract. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of lutein on endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU) in rats.

Methods: EIU was induced in male Lewis rats by subcutaneous injection of 200 microg lipopolysaccharide.

Captopril suppresses inflammation in endotoxin-induced uveitis in rats.

Captopril is an inhibitor of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) that is largely used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Several previous studies have demonstrated that captopril exhibits a wide variety of biological activities, including an anti-inflammatory action, on which we focused our attention. The aim of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of captopril on endotoxin induced uveitis (EIU) in rats.

Phosphorylation of p27(KIP1) in the mitotic cells of the corneal epithelium.

Purpose: The mechanism in regulation of the cell cycle and proliferation of corneal epithelium in the homeostatic ocular surface remains unclear. The aim of this study is to examine the expression of p27(KIP1) and its phosphorylation in corneal epithelium.

Methods: The eyes of C57BL/6 mice (7 weeks old) were enucleated.

Expression of cdc2 and p27(KIP1) phosphorylation in mitotic cells of the human retinoblastoma.

It was recently demonstrated that a lack of p27(KIP1) degradation resulted in the suppression of cdc2 activity and consequent inhibition of entry into the M-phase. The aim of this study was to examine the distribution of phosphorylated p27(KIP1) on threonine 187 (T187-phospho-p27) and cdc2 in mitotic cells of human retinoblastoma, a malignant retinal neoplasm. Several T187-phospho-p27-immunopositive cells were observed in mitotic retinoblastoma cells, but not in the normal retina.

Granulocytapheresis in patients with refractory ocular Behcet's disease.

Intraocular inflammation (uveoretinitis) is one major complication of Behcet's disease (BD) and responds poorly to drug therapy. This open prospective study was to assess the efficacy of selective granulocytapheresis in patients with refractory uveoretinitis of BD. Fourteen patients aged 20-56 years were treated.

Increase in macrophage migration inhibitory factor levels in lacrimal fluid of patients with severe atopic dermatitis.

Background And Aims Of The Study: Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder that often involves some ophthalmic features. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a proinflammatory cytokine that is associated with the generation of cell-mediated immune responses. Although serum MIF levels may be elevated in severe atopic dermatitis, the quantity of MIF in regional ocular fluid remains unknown.

Immunolocalization of cyclin D1 in the developing lens of c-maf -/- mice.

The maf gene encodes a transcription factor protein containing a typical basic/leucine zipper domain structure, a motif for protein dimerization and DNA binding. It has been demonstrated that maf family genes have important roles in embryonic development and cellular differentiation. In this study, localization of cyclin D1, one of the cell cycle-related molecules, was examined immunohistochemically in developing lens cells of c-maf knockout (-/-) mice.

Effects of blue honeysuckle (Lonicera caerulea L.) extract on lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in vitro and in vivo.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of blue honeysuckle extract (BHE), which contains high level of phenolic compounds, on endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU). Male Lewis rats were randomly divided into 5 groups with 14 rats in each (eight rats for collection of aqueous humor, six rats for histologic examination). EIU was induced by a footpad injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS).

Expression of p27(KIP1) and cell proliferation in human retina and retinoblastoma.

Background: Retinoblastoma is a rare cancer of the eye, in which biallelic inactivation of the retinoblastoma gene is a hallmark. Although retinoblastoma protein (Rb) and p27(KIP1) block the cell cycle transition from G1- to S-phase, the interaction has not been confirmed in vivo. The aim of this study was to examine the correlation between the expression of p27(KIP1) and cell proliferation in human retina and retinoblastoma.

Expression of thymidine phosphorylase in choroidal malignant melanoma associated with neovascular glaucoma.

Reported herein is a case of 62-year-old man who complained of blurred vision and ocular pain in his right eye. The patient was diagnosed with choroidal melanoma complicated by neovascular glaucoma (NVG) and total retinal detachment, and he underwent enucleation of the eye. The isolated tumor was 2.

Suppressive effects of astaxanthin against rat endotoxin-induced uveitis by inhibiting the NF-kappaB signaling pathway.

We investigated the effects of astaxanthin (AST), a carotenoid, on endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU), and over the course of the disease measured the expression of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in the presence or absence of AST. EIU was induced in male Lewis rats by footpad injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The animals were randomly divided to 12 groups with eight animals in each.

The effects of naringin and naringenin on endotoxin-induced uveitis in rats.

The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of naringin and naringenin on endotoxin- induced uveitis (EIU) in rats. EIU was induced in male Lewis rats by a footpad injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The rats were injected intravenously with 0.

Phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase and p27(KIP1) after retinal detachment.

Purpose: The roles of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway in the expression of cyclin D1 and p27(KIP1), the phosphorylation of p27(KIP1), and proliferation activity were examined after retinal detachment.

Methods: Normal eyes and eyes at 15 min, 2 and 4 days after retinal detachment in C57Bl6 mice were examined by immunohistochemistry using anti-phosphorylated (p) ERK1/2, anti-cyclin D1, anti-p27(KIP1), anti-p27(KIP1) phosphorylated at serine 10 (S10-phospho-p27), and anti-proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) antibodies with or without treatment with a specific ERK inhibitor, PD98059. Mouse Müller cells were isolated and examined for alteration of p27(KIP1) and cyclin D1 after exposure of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) with and without treatment of PD98059 using Western blotting.

Disappearance of p27(KIP1) and increase in proliferation of the lens cells after extraction of most of the fiber cells of the lens.

Purpose: Proliferation of the lens epithelial cells is involved in the fibrotic changes of lens capsules after cataract extraction. However, the mechanisms of the proliferation of the lens epithelial cells are largely unknown. The purpose of this study was to examine the correlation between the expression of p27(KIP1) and cell proliferation in the lens cells after the extraction of lens fiber cells.

Phosphorylation of p27(KIP1) in the developing retina and retinoblastoma.

Cellular distribution of the p27(KIP1) protein and its phosphorylation on threonine (T) 187 in mouse retinas from three stages of development, and retinoblastoma were examined. Retinas in C57Bl6 mice at embryonic day (E) 14, postnatal day (P) 1 and P11 were analyzed using immunohistochemistry with anti-p27(KIP1), threonine-187-phosphorylated p27(KIP1) (T187-phospho-p27), bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) antibodies, and phosphorylated histon H3 (pHiston H3), which is a marker for cells in M phase. p27(KIP1) knockout (-/-) mice and human retinoblastoma were also analyzed.

Effects of fucoxanthin on lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in vitro and in vivo.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of fucoxanthin on endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU) in rats. The effects of fucoxanthin on endotoxin-induced leucocyte and protein infiltration, nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin (PG)-E2 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha concentrations in rat aqueous humour, as well as on the cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) protein expression in a mouse macrophage cell line (RAW 264.7 cells) were studied.

Five new genome types of adenovirus type 37 caused epidemic keratoconjunctivitis in Sapporo, Japan, for more than 10 years.

Human adenovirus type 37 (HAdV-37) is a major cause of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis and has recently been the largest causative agent of keratoconjunctivitis in Japan. To investigate the genetic characteristics of HAdV-37 strains isolated in Sapporo, we analyzed the genome types and genetic relationships of 51 strains isolated there from 1990 through 2001. By using DNA restriction analysis, eight genome types (HAdV-37/D1, HAdV-37/D3, and HAdV-37/D6 to HAdV-37/D11) were identified, including five new ones.

Anti-inflammatory effects of aronia extract on rat endotoxin-induced uveitis.

Purpose: Aronia crude extract (ACE) with high levels of polyphenol compounds has been reported to have antioxidative effects in vitro and in vivo. In this study, attention was focused on the antioxidant effect of ACE. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of ACE on endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU) in rats.

Expression of maf-B mRNA in the epithelium around the eyelid closure of the mouse eye at embryonic day 18.

Maf encodes a transcription factor protein containing a typical basic leucine zipper domain structure, a motif for protein dimerization and DNA binding. We examined the expression of maf-B mRNA in the epithelium around the eyelid closure. Expression of maf-B mRNA was examined in C57Bl6 mice at the embryonic stages in 12.

The effects of Ginkgo biloba extract on lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in vitro and in vivo.

Purpose: Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) contains many different flavone glycosides and terpenoides. Several previous studies have demonstrated that GBE exhibits a wide variety of biological activities, including an antioxidant action, on which we focused our attention. The aim of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of GBE on endotoxin induced uveitis in rats.

Involvement of p27KIP1 in the proliferation of the developing corneal endothelium.

Purpose: To examine the involvement of p27(KIP1) in the regulation of the proliferation of the developing corneal endothelium.

Methods: Central and peripheral corneas in C57Bl6 mice at postnatal day (P)1, P11, and 12 weeks after birth were analyzed by immunocytochemistry with anti-p27(KIP1), -p57(KIP2), and -proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) antibodies. Nuclear staining was performed with 4',6'-diamino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) in wholemounts of corneal endothelium of the center and peripheral cornea in wild-type and p27(KIP1) knockout (-/-) mice at 12 weeks of age.

Anti-inflammatory effects of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone against rat endotoxin-induced uveitis and the time course of inflammatory agents in aqueous humor.

Purpose: We examined the effects of the immunosuppressive neuropeptide alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) on rat endotoxin-induced uveitis, and to measure the expression of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines with and without the alpha-MSH treatment over the course of the disease.

Methods: We injected Lewis rats once with Salmonella typhimurium lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce uveitis. The rats were given intravenous injections of 250, 500 or 1000 microg of alpha-MSH.

Distribution of p27(KIP1), cyclin D1, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen after retinal detachment.

Purpose: To examine the expression of the p27(KIP1), cyclin D1, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in the retina and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) after retinal detachment.

Methods: Normal eyes and eyes at 2 or 4 days after retinal detachment with the C57B16 mouse were analyzed by immunocytochemistry using anti-p27(KIP1), anti-cyclin D1, and anti-proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) antibodies as well as anti-glutamate synthetase (GS) antibody.

Results: The p27(KIP1) positive nuclei were distributed in the inner nuclear layer (INL) and the RPE of the normal mice eye.