The fission yeast NDR kinase Orb6 and its signalling pathway MOR regulate cytoplasmic microtubule organization during the cell cycle.

Microtubule organization and reorganization during the cell cycle are achieved by regulation of the number, distribution and activity of microtubule-organizing centres (MTOCs). In fission yeast, the Mto1/2 complex determines the activity and distribution of cytoplasmic MTOCs. Upon mitosis, cytoplasmic microtubule nucleation ceases; inactivation of the Mto1/2 complex is triggered by Mto2 hyperphosphorylation.

Quantitative immunohistochemical assay with novel digital immunostaining for comparisons of PD-L1 antibodies.

One obstacle in diagnostic pathology is the harmonization of one drug-one diagnostic tests for programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1). There are many challenges in accurate comparisons of diagnostic tests, such as differences in the titer of each antibody, detection system and dynamic range of visualization. Our previously developed digital immunostaining technique is highly sensitive and quantitative with the ability to quantify particles that bind in a one-to-one fashion with antibody in each cell.

N,N-Disubstituted Allylic Amine Type Aminophosphines with C(aryl)-N(amine) Bond Axial Chirality: Synthesis and Application to Palladium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Allylic Alkylation with Malonates.

We designed and synthesized a series of N,N-disubstituted allylic amine type aminophosphines 2, 3 and 4, which are derivatives of chiral ligands 1. Aminophosphines 2-4 (except 2a) exist in C(aryl)-N(amine) bond axial chirality by chiral HPLC analysis. Both enantiomeric isomers of 4b were successfully obtained in an enantiomerically pure form.

Role of nucleocytoplasmic transport in interphase microtubule organization in fission yeast.

The proper organization of microtubules is essential for many cellular functions. Microtubule organization and reorganization are highly regulated during the cell cycle, but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here we characterized unusual interphase microtubule organization in fission yeast nuclear export mutant crm1-124.

Chiral N-1-adamantyl-N-trans-cinnamylaniline type ligands: synthesis and application to palladium-catalyzed asymmetric allylic alkylation of indoles.

Such chiral phosphine-internal olefin hybrid type ligands as N-1-adamantyl-N-cinnamylaniline derivatives 1 with C(aryl)-N(amine) bond axial chirality were synthesized and utilized for the palladium-catalyzed asymmetric allylic alkylation of indoles to afford the desired products in high enantioselectivities (up to 98% ee).

cis9, trans11-Conjugated Linoleic Acid Differentiates Mouse 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes into Mature Small Adipocytes through Induction of Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor γ.

Dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has been reported to exhibit a number of therapeutic effects in animal models and patients, such as anti-hypertensive, anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-arteriosclerotic, anti-carcinogenic, and anti-diabetic effects. However, the underlying mechanism is not well-characterized. In the present study, the effects of cis(c)9, trans(t)11-CLA on the differentiation of mouse 3T3-L1 preadipocytes into mature adipocytes were examined.

Life style-related diseases of the digestive system: endocrine disruptors stimulate lipid accumulation in target cells related to metabolic syndrome.

Many reports indicated that endocrine disruptors (EDs) affect several hormonal functions in various living things. Here, we show the effect of EDs on lipid accumulation in target cells involved in the onset of metabolic syndrome. Treatment with nonylphenol and bisphenol A, typical EDs, stimulated the accumulation of triacylglycerol in differentiated adipocytes from 3T3-L1, preadipocytes, in time- and concentration-dependent manners.