Concomitant pancreatic and duodenal metastases 12 years after nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma: a case report.

In selected patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma, metastasectomy can achieve prolonged survival. Herein we report a patient with concomitant pancreatic and duodenal metastases occurring 12 years after total right nephrectomy for a renal cell carcinoma. The metastases were successfully treated by a pancreas-sparing duodenectomy and distal pancreatectomy.

Quantitative characterization of carotid plaque components using MR apparent diffusion coefficients and longitudinal relaxation rates at 3T: A comparison with histology.

Background: There is limited evidence of parametric MR mapping to characterize carotid plaques associated with cerebral ischemic events.

Purpose: To explore the apparent diffusion coefficients (ADCs) and longitudinal relaxation rates (R ) of carotid plaques, including areas of hemorrhage, lipid-rich/necrotic core (LR/NC) without hemorrhage, and fibrous tissue (Fbr) STUDY TYPE: Prospective.

Subjects: Twelve patients who underwent carotid endarterectomy.

A Review of HPV-Related Head and Neck Cancer.

Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) arise in the mucosal lining of the upper aerodigestive tract. Tobacco and alcohol use have been reported to be associated with HNSCC. Infection with high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) has recently been implicated in the pathogenesis of HNSCCs.

Correction: The different pathogenesis of sporadic adenoma and adenocarcinoma in non-ampullary lesions of the proximal and distal duodenum.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17051.

Promotion of cell proliferation by the proto-oncogene DEK enhances oral squamous cell carcinogenesis through field cancerization.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) develops through a multistep carcinogenic process involving field cancerization. The DEK gene is a proto-oncogene with functions in genetic and epigenetic modifications, and has oncogenic functions, including cellular proliferation, differentiation, and senescence. DEK overexpression is associated with malignancies; however, the functional roles of DEK overexpression are unclear.

Multifaceted Interpretation of Colon Cancer Stem Cells.

Colon cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide, despite recent advances in clinical oncology. Accumulating evidence sheds light on the existence of cancer stem cells and their role in conferring therapeutic resistance. Cancer stem cells are a minor fraction of cancer cells, which enable tumor heterogeneity and initiate tumor formation.

Distinctive crypt shape in a sessile serrated adenoma/polyp: Distribution of Ki67-, p16INK4a-, WNT5A-positive cells and intraepithelial lymphocytes.

Serrated lesions in the colorectum are currently predominantly classified as hyperplastic polyps (HPs), sessile serrated adenomas/polyps (SSA/Ps), and traditional serrated adenomas (TSAs) according to their morphology. However, the histological morphology and the molecular changes in the serrated lesions are still unclear. We performed immunohistochemistry for Ki67, p16INK4a, and WNT5A in human HPs (n=22), SSA/Ps (n=41), and TSAs (n=19).

The different pathogeneses of sporadic adenoma and adenocarcinoma in non-ampullary lesions of the proximal and distal duodenum.

Non-ampullary duodenal adenoma with activation of Wnt/β-catenin signalling is common in familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) patients, whereas sporadic non-ampullary adenoma is uncommon. The adenoma-carcinoma sequence similar to colon cancer is associated with duodenal tumors in FAP, but not always in sporadic tumors. We obtained 37 non-ampullary duodenal tumors, including 25 adenomas and 12 adenocarcinomas, were obtained from biopsies and endoscopic resections.

Galectin-3 expression in hippocampal CA2 following transient forebrain ischemia and its inhibition by hypothermia or antiapoptotic agents.

Recent evidence has suggested that the hippocampal CA2 region plays an important role in the recognition process. We have reported that ischemic damage in the hippocampal CA2 region following transient ischemia is caused by apoptosis, but the underlying mechanisms are still not clear. Galectin-3 is a β-galactosidase-binding lectin that is important in cell proliferation and apoptotic regulation.

Preventive effects of fermented brown rice and rice bran against N-nitrosobis (2-oxopropyl) amine-induced pancreatic tumorigenesis in male hamsters.

Fermented brown rice by Aspergillus oryzae (FBRA) is known to have the potential to prevent chemical carcinogenesis of the colon, liver, esophagus, urinary bladder, stomach and lungs in rodents. The present study examined the possible chemopreventive effects of FBRA on N-nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine (BOP)-induced pancreatic tumorigenesis in hamsters. Five-week-old male Syrian golden hamsters were divided into seven groups.

ALDH1A1-overexpressing cells are differentiated cells but not cancer stem or progenitor cells in human hepatocellular carcinoma.

Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 (ALDH1A1) is considered to be a cancer stem cell marker in several human malignancies. However, the role of ALDH1A1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not been well elucidated. In this study, we investigated the relationship between ALDH1A1 and clinicopathological findings and examined whether ALDH1A1 deserves to be a cancer stem cell marker in HCC.

Acute Liver Failure Associated with Diffuse Hepatic Infiltration of Malignant Melanoma of Unknown Primary Origin.

An 83-year-old man admitted for left hand pain due to a large necrotic ulcer presented with many sites of erythema on his trunk. Computed tomography revealed multiple poorly marginated masses in the liver; however, no malignant cells were detected on a biopsy of several skin lesions. He died on the 47th hospital day, and autopsy was subsequently performed, showing multiple nodules in the liver.

Early microlesion of viral encephalitis confirmed by galectin-3 expression after a virus inoculation.

Galectin-3 is a β-galactosidase-binding lectin which is important in cell proliferation and apoptotic regulation. Encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV), which includes the Enterovirus genus, can cause not only acute myocarditis but also neuronal degeneration of central nervous system in various animals including mice. The pathophysiological role of galectin-3 in central nervous system following acute viral infection is not fully understood.

Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 is upregulated in activated microglia in mice cerebellum during acute viral encephalitis.

Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase1 (IDO1) is the rate-limiting enzyme in the kynurenine pathway that converts l-tryptophan to l-kynurenine. Encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) can cause acute myocarditis in various animals including mice. Previously, IDO1 has been reported to have an important immunomodulatory function in immune-related diseases.