An observational study on the efficacy of targeted therapy for pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma.

Background: Pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma is a rare tumor that is resistant to cytotoxic agents. This observational study aimed to evaluate the detection rate of driver gene alteration and the efficacy of targeted therapy for pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma.

Methods: We established a database of patients with pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma and their clinical information, including EGFR mutation, ALK fusion gene, ROS1 fusion gene, BRAF mutation, and MET exon 14 skipping mutation.

Efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in patients with pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma in clinical practice.

Objective: Studies have suggested the potential efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma. This multicenter observational study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of systemic ICI therapy and chemoradiation followed by durvalumab therapy for pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma.

Methods: We analyzed the data of patients with pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma who received systemic ICI therapy or chemoradiation followed by durvalumab therapy between 2016 and 2022.

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor for Non-small Cell Lung Cancer With Negative or Low Tumor PD-L1 Expression.

Background/aim: We conducted a retrospective analysis of the survival durations of 25 patients diagnosed as having non-squamous cell non-small cell lung cancer with negative or low tumor programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression treated with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) monotherapy.

Patients And Methods: The progression-free (PFS) and overall (OS) survival were calculated from the initiation of ICI monotherapy. The association between the patient characteristics and the PFS was analyzed using Cox proportional hazards model.

Case Series of Pleomorphic Carcinoma of the Lung Treated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.

Aim: We report, herein, three cases of pleomorphic carcinoma of the lung treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Case 1: A 73-year-old man was diagnosed as having pleomorphic carcinoma of the lung and treated with pembrolizumab alone. However, he showed no response and died 4 months after the initiation of the treatment.

Canonical versus non-canonical transsynaptic signaling of neuroligin 3 tunes development of sociality in mice.

Neuroligin 3 (NLGN3) and neurexins (NRXNs) constitute a canonical transsynaptic cell-adhesion pair, which has been implicated in autism. In autism spectrum disorder (ASD) development of sociality can be impaired. However, the molecular mechanism underlying NLGN3-mediated social development is unclear.

Association of Tumor PD-L1 Expression with the T790M Mutation and Progression-Free Survival in Patients with EGFR-Mutant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Receiving EGFR-TKI Therapy.

Background: Among patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), we compared the progression-free survival (PFS) and proportion of acquisition of T790M mutation of the epidermal growth receptor gene (EGFR) after first-line treatment with epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) in patient groups with and without tumor expression of programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1).

Methods: Data of patients with EGFR-mutant NSCLC were retrospectively analyzed. Tumor PD-L1 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry using the 22C3 antibody.

Identification of a Novel Protein Kinase A Inhibitor by Bioluminescence-Based Screening.

We screened inhibitors in the adenylyl cyclase/protein kinase A/cAMP response element binding protein pathway (AC/PKA/CREB pathway) from a 2400 chemical library by a cell-based assay method using bioluminescence probes. We found a compound that inhibited forskolin-induced cAMP response element (CRE)-dependent transcription, the interaction between the kinase-inducible domain (KID) and the interacting domain (KIX), and endogenous CREB phosphorylation. Furthermore, this compound suppressed the activity of the PKA catalytic subunit dose-dependently.

Efficient intramolecular cyclizations of phenoxyethynyl diols into multisubstituted α,β-unsaturated lactones.

AgOTf-catalyzed intramolecular cyclization of phenoxyethynyl diols proceeded under mild conditions to afford the multisubstituted α,β-unsaturated-γ-lactones in 55-98% yields. This method was also applicable to the synthesis of α,β-unsaturated-δ-lactones. A similar cyclization proceeded when AgOTf was replaced with a stoichiometric amount of N-bromosuccinimide to furnish the α-bromo-substituted α,β-unsaturated lactones.

Cationic gold(I)-catalyzed intramolecular cyclization of gamma-hydroxyalkynones into 3(2H)-furanones.

The combination of (p-CF(3)C(6)H(4))(3)PAuCl and AgOTf generates a powerful catalyst for the intramolecular cyclizations of readily available gamma-hydroxyalkynones under mild conditions. The substituted 3(2H)-furanones are obtained in 55-94% yields. This method is also applicable to the preparation of 2,3-dihydro-4H-pyran-4-ones.

Cationic gold(I)-mediated intramolecular cyclization of 3-alkyne-1,2-diols and 1-amino-3-alkyn-2-ols: a practical route to furans and pyrroles.

The intramolecular cyclizations of the 3-alkyne-1,2-diols and the 1-amino-3-alkyn-2-ols with a low catalyst loading (0.05-0.5 mol %) of (Ph(3)P)AuCl-AgNTf(2) or (Ph(3)P)AuCl-AgOTf proceeded at room temperature to provide a variety of substituted furans and pyrroles in excellent yields (85-98% yields).