The antihistamine olopatadine regulates T cell activation in palladium allergy.

Because of its corrosion resistance palladium (Pd) has been widely used in many consumer products ranging from fashion accessories to dental materials. Recently, however, an increase in Pd allergy cases has been reported. Metal allergy is categorized as a Type IV allergy, which is characterized as a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction in which T cells are known to play an important role; however, the precise mechanism of their action remains unclear.

Two patients requiring surgical management for leakage of calcium hydroxide paste from root canal into infraorbital space.

Two patients requiring surgical management for leakage of calcium hydroxide paste from a root canal into the infraorbital space are reported. A paste root canal treatment material used at the time of maxillary root canal treatment had leaked out of the root canal in both patients. Computed tomography confirmed displacement of the root canal treatment material into the soft tissue, with extension into the infraorbital space.

Splenocyte cytokine profile in mouse with oral mucosa-sensitization and oral-tolerization by NiSO(4).

Metals used in the oral cavity have been reported to cause various allergic diseases of the skin and mucosa. Skin manifestations due to dental restorations appear not only in the oral cavity, but also on the hands, feet or the whole body, as in the cases of pustulosis palmoplantaris and lichen planus. These phenomena implicate different pathogeneses from that of conventional skin sensitization and tolerance.

Th1/Th2 balance in mouse delayed-type hypersensitivity model with mercuric chloride via skin and oral mucosa.

In order to compare delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) among different exposure sites, we evaluated the sensitization potency of mercuric chloride (HgCl(2)) via exposure to the skin, or oral or esophageal mucosa using the mouse ear swelling test. Furthermore, we investigated in vitro splenocyte proliferation reaction and cytokine profile in HgCl(2)-exposed and control mice. Sensitization with HgCl(2) was established via the skin and oral mucosa but not via the esophageal mucosa.