Sex-related differences in eating behaviors during COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review with metanalysis.

Eating behavior can be influenced by external factors; however, there is no consensus on the existence of differences in eating behavior between the sexes in stressful situations, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. This systematic review assessed whether there was a difference in eating behavior between sexes during the COVID-19 pandemic. A search of nine databases (Medline/Pubmed, Embase, Scielo, VHL, Scopus, PsycINFO, Web of Science, ProQuest, Google Scholar) was conducted in October 2023.

Sarcopenic obesity defined by the ESPEN and EASO consensus statement in older women: Risk of falls and bone mineral density implications.

Purpose: To apply the ESPEN-EASO diagnostic criteria for Sarcopenic Obesity (SO) in older women and to assess its association with the risk of falls, fear of falls (FOF), and bone mineral density (BMD).

Methods: After exclusion criteria, 232 women aged ≥60 years (68.2 ± 6.

Seasonal and sex-related variation in vitamin D status and its association with other biochemical markers in young individuals: A cross-sectional study.

Background: While several studies have investigated the association between vitamin D deficiency and biochemical parameters, the results are still inconsistent and mostly overlook seasonal variations. This study explored the relationships between 25-hydroxy-vitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations, biochemical markers, and seasonal variation among young males and females.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 203 individuals aged 18-24 years of both sexes residing in Brasilia, Brazil (latitude: 15°S).

Lifestyle Patterns in the Late Postoperative Period of Bariatric Surgery: a Descriptive Analysis of the CINTO Study.

Background: The behavior of patients undergoing metabolic bariatric surgery (MBS) has been widely investigated to better understand their attitudes and to formulate effective advisory strategies. Although these elements have been studied separately, the magnitude of these behaviors still needs to be determined from a combined factors approach. This study aimed to identify the lifestyle patterns of patients who underwent MBS 5 or more years ago.

Long-Term Lifestyle Habits and Quality of Life after Roux-in-Y Gastric Bypass in Brazilian Public versus Private Healthcare Systems: Beyond Weight Loss.

Lifestyle and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) are good markers of surgical obesity treatment. This study aimed to investigate the lifestyle and HRQoL of patients at least five years after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in public (SUS) and private (PVT) Brazilian healthcare systems. In this cross-sectional study, weight loss (WL), % of excess WL (%EWL), diet quality, physical activity, alcohol consumption, and HRQoL were evaluated.

The Influence of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms On Body Weight Trajectory After Bariatric Surgery: A Systematic Review.

Purpose Of Review: To conduct a systematic review to summarize the results of studies on this subject and to identify whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are good prognostic markers for body weight trajectory after bariatric surgery.

Recent Findings: A considerable number of events can influence the body weight trajectory after bariatric surgery, and in the post-genomic era, genetic factors have been explored. This study is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021240903).

Development and Validation of Protocol Based on Brazilian Dietary Guidelines for Adults with Diabetes Mellitus Who Attended Primary Health Care.

Background: To date, there is no protocol providing dietary guidelines to assist health care professionals in counseling Brazilian individuals with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) assisted in primary health care (PHC) according to the Dietary Guidelines for the Brazilian Population (DGBP). Therefore, this study aimed to develop and validate a protocol based on the DGBP for health care, non-nutritionist professionals in counseling adults with DM in PHC.

Methods: We systematized the recommendations published in the DGBP, the Diabetes Brazilian Society guidelines, and the scientific literature regarding food and nutrition needs of adults with DM.

Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in South America: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Context: Vitamin D deficiency is considered a global public health issue, even in low-latitude countries where there is abundant sunlight radiation. Nevertheless, the prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency in the South American continent has not been well characterized.

Objective: The aim of this review was to estimate the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (25-hydroxy-calciferol < 20 ng/mL) in South American populations.

Assessment of nutrient intakes of children and adolescents with recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bllosa, severe subtype.

Background and aims: epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a rare disease presenting with skin fragility and formation of blisters. Constant presence of skin lesions, loss of blood, wastage of heat through the open skin, increased turnover of proteins and infections, result in increased energy, protein, and micronutrient needs. This study investigated the intake adequacy of energy, protein, zinc, iron, and dietary fiber in children with epidermolysis bullosa.

Usual dietary intake, physical activity, weight loss, and body composition after five years of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.

Objective: To estimate usual dietary intake (UDI), physical activity (PA), and their association with weight loss and body composition in patients who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) after five years in the Federal District, Brazil.

Methods: We assessed anthropometry and body composition using bioimpedance, and dietary intake and PA with three nonconsecutive 24-h recalls. PC-Side was used to estimate UDI.

Validation of a dietary advice protocol for adults with obesity in primary health care according to the Brazilian Dietary Guidelines.

Background: Obesity is a non-communicable chronic disease which carries a high cost for the Brazilian Unified Health System. Standardized protocols can help primary health care (PHC) professionals manage the disease.

Objectives: To describe the validation process of a protocol concerning dietary guidelines for adults with obesity in PHC by non-nutrition professionals.

New Insights on the Association Between Socioeconomic Status and Weight Loss After Bariatric Surgery: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

The effect of socioeconomic status (SES) on weight loss (WL) after bariatric surgery (BS) remains unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the association between SES and WL at least 12 months after BS. This study included 53 observational studies (retrieved from databases in October 2021 and updated in February 2022) involving adults who underwent any type of BS; SES data and data regarding outcomes of weight loss were also retrieved.

School Feeding as a Protective Factor against Insulin Resistance: The Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA).

The objective of this study was to use ERICA data from adolescents from Brazilian public schools to investigate the role of school feeding in insulin resistance markers. Public school students (12-17 years old) with available biochemical examinations were selected. Adolescents answered a self-administered questionnaire, and contextual characteristics were obtained through interviews with principals.

Sarcopenic obesity diagnosis by different criteria mid-to long-term post-bariatric surgery.

Background/aims: The aim of this study was to apply the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism/European Association for the Study of Obesity (ESPEN/EASO) consensus to identify sarcopenic obesity (SO) in adults mid to long-term post-Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) using both dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Further, this approach was compared to accepted sarcopenia diagnostic criteria (Revised European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People [EWGSOP2] and Sarcopenia Definition and Outcomes Consortium [SDOC]).

Methods: This cross-sectional study included adults ≥2 years post-RYGB surgery.

Biochemical Markers and Obstructive Sleep Apnea Risk in Individuals After Long-Term Bariatric Surgery.

Background: Individuals who have undergone long-term bariatric surgery may be at increased obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) risk. The purpose of this study was to estimate the frequency of OSA risk and its associations, via biochemical markers, in patients who have undergone long-term bariatric surgery.

Methods: This cross-sectional study evaluated patients after 5 years or more post Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.

Effect of physical exercise on muscle strength in adults following bariatric surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis of different muscle strength assessment tests.

Individuals following bariatric surgery are considered at high risk for the development of sarcopenic obesity (excess fat mass, low muscle mass and low physical function), and exercise may play an important role in its prevention and treatment. We systematically reviewed 5 scientific databases (Embase, Medline, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science) and 2 grey literature databases (ProQuest and Google Scholar) for clinical trials that evaluated the effect of exercise on muscle strength in adults following bariatric surgery and conducted a separate meta-analysis for studies that used different muscle strength tests. Random-effect models, restricted maximum likelihood method and Hedges' g were used.

Frequency of Vitamin D Deficiency and Associated Factors in Long-term Bariatric Surgery Patients: a Cross-sectional Study.

Background: Vitamin D deficiency is a common consequence of bariatric surgery (BS). However, few studies have evaluated influential factors and to date there are no studies investigating individual ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation levels in BS patients. This study aimed to evaluate vitamin D deficiency and its associated factors, including UVB radiation, in Roux-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) patients.

Hypertension and Associated Lipid, Glucose, and Adiposity Parameters in School-Aged Adolescents in the Federal District, Brazil.

Background: The prevalence of hypertension and other metabolic disorders has increased in young individuals. However, no representative studies have been conducted in the population of the Federal District, Brazil.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of hypertension and its association with lipid, glucose, and adiposity markers in school-aged adolescents living in the Federal District.

Resistance Training Improves Muscle Strength and Function, Regardless of Protein Supplementation, in the Mid- to Long-Term Period after Gastric Bypass.

Inadequate protein intake and low levels of physical activity are common long-term sequelae after bariatric surgery and can negatively affect muscle strength (MS) and physical function (PF). The study investigated the effects of resistance training with or without protein supplementation on MS and PF. The study, which involved a 12-week controlled trial ( = 61) of individuals 2-7 years post-Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), comprised four groups: whey protein supplementation (PRO; = 18), maltodextrin placebo (control [CON]; = 17), resistance training combined with placebo (RTP; = 11), and resistance training combined with whey protein supplementation (RTP+PRO; = 15).

Lifestyle patterns associated with common mental disorders in Brazilian adolescents: Results of the Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA).

The association between lifestyle factors and mental health has been evaluated in isolation; however, there has been a lack of information about lifestyle patterns and Common Mental Disorders (CMD) in adolescents. Therefore, the present study aims to assess the association between sets of lifestyle patterns and the occurrence of CMD in Brazilian adolescents evaluated in a national school-based cross-sectional survey. The outcome variable considered was presence of CMD.