Background: The gold standard for the diagnosis of acute pyelonephritis (APN) in children is the finding of both pyuria (P) and bacteriuria (B); however, some APN patients have neither of these findings [APN(P(-);B(-))].
Methods: In this study, we investigated APN patients who visited our hospital over 14 years to identify specific clinical characteristics of APN(P(-);B(-)).
Results: A total of 171 APN patients were included in the study, and of these 29 were APN(P(-);B(-)).
Objective: To report successful management of acute stage toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) by amniotic membrane transplantation.
Design: Interventional case report. METHOD/INTERVENTION: A 6-year-old boy who had convulsions and fever due to encephalitis was treated by oral phenobarbital.