A Population-Based Study of Factors Associated with Postpartum Contraceptive Use by Birth Interval Length.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate factors associated with postpartum contraceptive use among women with short and moderate-to-long birth intervals using population-based data from the Pregnancy Risk Assessment and Monitoring System.

Methods: Because only Mississippi and Tennessee include a question about birth interval length on their Pregnancy Risk Assessment and Monitoring System survey, this analysis was limited to women from those states who reported information on this variable (N = 2198). Demographic, lifestyle, and reproductive data, including information on postpartum contraceptive use, were obtained from surveys and birth certificates.

Factors Associated with Preventive Dental Visits Before and During Pregnancy.

Poor prenatal oral health has implications for maternal, fetal, and infant health. Studies have shown an association between periodontal disease and adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as preterm delivery, low birth weight, and pre-eclampsia. The objective of this study was to identify the factors associated with preventive dental visits before and during pregnancy and examine the relationship of dental insurance with those visits among Virginia women.

Interbirth Interval and Pregnancy Complications and Outcomes: Findings from the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System.

Introduction: Although the definition of a short interbirth interval has been inconsistent in the literature, Healthy People 2020 recommends that women wait at least 18 months after a live birth before attempting their next pregnancy. In the United States, approximately 33% of pregnancies are conceived within 18 months of a previous birth. Pregnancies that result from short interbirth intervals can pose serious risks.

Factors associated with pregnancy intention among women who have experienced a short birth interval: findings from the 2009 to 2011 Mississippi and 2009 Tennessee Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System.

Purpose: One-third of all pregnancies in the United States are conceived within 18 months of a prior live birth. Preventing unintended pregnancies may help to decrease the prevalence of pregnancies with these short interpregnancy intervals. However, data on factors associated with pregnancy intention among women who have had short birth intervals are sparse.

The Association Between Maternal Depression During Pregnancy and Adverse Birth Outcomes: A Retrospective Cohort Study of PRAMS Participants.

Women of reproductive age are at higher risk for depression than men; and depressive behaviors and endocrine imbalances could lead to adverse birth outcomes. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether maternal depression during pregnancy affected adverse birth outcomes, specifically preterm birth and small for gestational age (SGA). This study included 4123 women who participated in the 2009-2011 Utah Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, an ongoing surveillance project that investigates maternal behaviors in women who have recently had a live birth.

Clinical inquiries. What interventions can help patients stop using chewing tobacco?

Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), including gum and patches, decreases cravings and short-term abstinence rates, but does not improve long-term abstinence (strength of recommendation [SOR]: B, meta-analysis of small randomized controlled studies [RCT]). It is unclear if bupropion has an effect on cessation rates (SOR: B, small RCTs with conflicting results). Behavioral interventions increase abstinence rates for smokeless tobacco users (SOR: B, meta-analysis of small RCTs).