Standing balance impairment in persons with type 2 diabetes is predicted by peripheral neuropathy and vestibulopathy.

Introduction: The three main sensory complications of Type 2 Diabetes are diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), diabetic retinopathy (DR), and diabetic vestibulopathy (DV). Current screening for these has been found to be insufficient, and balance testing may be a way to improve screening practices. This study aims to assess if the presence of sensory complications can be used to predict balance scores.

Rates of colorectal cancer diagnosis and mortality in people with severe mental illness: results from Australia's National Bowel Cancer Screening Programme.

Aims: Studies show that people with severe mental illness (SMI) have a greater risk of dying from colorectal cancer (CRC). These studies mostly predate the introduction of national bowel cancer screening programmes (NBCSPs) and it is unknown if these have reduced disparity in CRC-related mortality for people with SMI.

Methods: We compared mortality rates following CRC diagnosis at colonoscopy between a nationally representative sample of people with and without SMI who participated in Australia's NBCSP.

Cancer Immunotherapy Using AIRE Conditioning of the Tumor Epitopeome.

T cell immune tolerance is established in part through the activity of the Auto-immune Regulator (AIRE) transcription factor in the medullary Thymic Epithelial Cells (mTEC) of the thymus. AIRE induces expression of SELF peripheral tissue-specific antigens for presentation to naïve T cells to promote activation/deletion of potentially autoreactive T cells. We show, for the first time to our knowledge, that tumors mimic the role of AIRE in mTEC to evade immune rejection.

Participation in the National Bowel Cancer Screening Program by people with severe mental illness, Australia, 2006-2019: a national data linkage study.

Objective: To compare rates of participation in the National Bowel Cancer Screening Program (NBCSP) and follow-up for people with severe mental illness with those for people without severe mental illness or not prescribed antidepressants.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study; analysis of de-identified linked NBCSP, Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS), and Medicare Benefits Schedule (MBS) data.

Setting: Australia, 2006-2019.

Statewide Outbreak of Neisseria meningitidis Serogroup Y, Sequence Type 1466 - Virginia, 2022-2024.

Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) is a severe illness that can have devastating effects; outbreaks are uncommon in the United States. Vaccination is the preferred control measure for IMD outbreaks when a defined population at risk (e.g.

Evaluating manganese removal in groundwater using pilot scale biofilters: The role of filter media characteristics during start-up.

This study investigated the influence of filter media characteristics on manganese (Mn) removal in groundwater biofilters during the start-up phase. Six pilot scale biofilters containing three different granular activated carbons (GAC), two anthracite, and one sand media were run for 133 days to examine their Mn removal performance at a drinking water utility, while also monitoring ATP and bacterial growth as indicators of biological activity. Key findings demonstrate the critical role of media characteristics, especially for GAC media.

APOBEC3B expression in 293T viral producer cells drives mutations in chimeric antigen receptors and reduces CAR T cell efficacy.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells are a clinically approved therapy for blood cancers. To produce clinical-grade CAR T cells, a retroviral or lentiviral vector is used to deliver the CAR and associated genes to patient T cells. Apolipoprotein B editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide 3 (APOBEC3) enzymes are known to be upregulated after transfection and retroviral infection and to deaminate cytidine to uracil in nucleic acids, resulting in cytidine-to-thymine mutations in DNA.

Smoldering oncolysis by foamy virus carrying CD19 as a CAR target escapes CAR T detection by genomic modification.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells have had limited success against solid tumors. Here, we used an oncolytic foamy virus (oFV) to display a model CAR target antigen (CD19) on tumors in combination with anti-CD19 CAR T cells. We generated oFV-Δ and oFV- vectors to test the efficiency and stability of viral/CD19 spread.

Preinjection With Ligation-Assisted Endoscopic Mucosal Resection for Barrett's Dysplasia and Early Esophageal Adenocarcinoma: Characteristic Histological Features of the Depth of Resection.

Background And Aim: Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) is an established technique for the diagnosis and treatment of high-grade dysplasia (HGD) and early esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) in Barrett's esophagus. Submucosal preinjection is not universally used or generally recommended when performing routine ligation-assisted EMR. Prior studies, however, have demonstrated evidence of at least superficial muscle injury on ligation-assisted EMR without submucosal injection.

Joint association of drinking alcohol and obesity in relation to cancer risk: A systematic review and data synthesis.

Background: Rates of alcohol consumption and obesity are increasing in many Western populations. For some cancer types, both heavy alcohol consumption and obesity are independently associated with increased risk. Whether combined exposure to both synergistically increases an individual's risk of cancer is unclear.

Immunotherapy of Hematological Malignancies of Human B-Cell Origin with CD19 CAR T Lymphocytes.

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) are hematological malignancies with high incidence rates that respond relatively well to conventional therapies. However, a major issue is the clinical emergence of patients with relapsed or refractory (r/r) NHL or ALL. In such circumstances, opportunities for complete remission significantly decline and mortality rates increase.

Effects of lithium isotopes on sodium/lithium co-transport and calcium efflux through the sodium/calcium/lithium exchanger in mitochondria.

The effects of lithium (Li) isotopes and their impact on biological processes have recently gained increased attention due to the significance of Li as a pharmacological agent and the potential that Li isotopic effects in neuroscience contexts may constitute a new example of quantum effects in biology. Previous studies have shown that the two Li isotopes, which differ in mass and nuclear spin, have unusual different effects and and, although some molecular targets for Li isotope fractionation have been proposed, it is not known whether those result in observable downstream neurophysiological effects. In this work we studied fluxes of Li, sodium (Na) and calcium (Ca) ions in the mitochondrial sodium/calcium/lithium exchanger (NCLX), the only transporter known with recognized specificity for Li.

Integrated transcriptome and cell phenotype analysis suggest involvement of PARP1 cleavage, Hippo/Wnt, TGF-β and MAPK signaling pathways in ovarian cancer cells response to cannabis and PARP1 inhibitor treatment.

is utilized mainly for palliative care worldwide. Ovarian cancer (OC) is a lethal gynecologic cancer. A particular cannabis extract fraction ('F7') and the Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase 1 (PARP1) inhibitor niraparib act synergistically to promote OC cell apoptosis.

A social media analysis of patient-perceived complications following periacetabular osteotomy (PAO): a retrospective observational study.

Background: Social media is a popular resource for patients seeking medical information and sharing experiences. Periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) is an accepted treatment for symptomatic acetabular dysplasia with a low published complication profile in specialty centers. Little is known regarding patient reporting of complications on social media following PAO.

Hepatocellular and extrahepatic cancer risk in people with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease worldwide. Much of the recognised health-care burden occurs in the minority of people with NAFLD who progress towards cirrhosis and require specialist follow-up, including risk stratification and hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance. NAFLD is projected to become the leading global cause of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, but the frequency of non-cirrhotic hepatocellular carcinoma provides a challenge to existing surveillance strategies.

Verbal Encouragement Provokes Significant Increases in Maximal Volitional Dynamic Postural Sway.

Limits of Stability protocols are typically target-oriented, leaving volitional aspects of control unobservable. A novel unconstrained protocol, volitional Limits of Stability (vLOS), shows high test-retest-reliability. We tested if verbal encouragement impacts this protocol.

Chimerization of the Anti-Viral CD8 T Cell Response with A Broad Anti-Tumor T Cell Response Reverses Inhibition of Checkpoint Blockade Therapy by Oncolytic Virotherapy.

Although immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) has produced profound survival benefits in a broad variety of tumors, a proportion of patients do not respond. Treatment failure is in part due to immune suppressive tumor microenvironments (TME), which is particularly true of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Since oncolytic viruses (OV) can generate a highly immune-infiltrated, inflammatory TME, we developed a vesicular stomatitis virus expressing interferon-ß (VSV-IFNß) as a viro-immunotherapy against HCC.

Utilizing Post-Clerkship Surveys to Optimize Emergency Medicine Program Outcomes in the Match.

Purpose: The Match for Emergency Medicine residency has presented new challenges over the past 2 years (2022-2023). Use of a post-clerkship survey given to clerkship students could improve outcomes in The Match by helping the program identify its different strengths and weaknesses.

Methods: A post-clerkship survey, sent after The Match, was sent to Emergency Medicine bound students who completed our Emergency Medicine clerkship.

Lithium isotopes differentially modify mitochondrial amorphous calcium phosphate cluster size distribution and calcium capacity.

Lithium is commonly prescribed as a mood stabilizer in a variety of mental health conditions, yet its molecular mode of action is incompletely understood. Many cellular events associated with lithium appear tied to mitochondrial function. Further, recent evidence suggests that lithium bioactivities are isotope specific.