Publications by authors named "Kenan Yount"

Introduction: Academic cardiac surgeons are productive researchers and innovators. We sought to perform a comprehensive machine learning (ML)-based characterization of cardiac surgery research over the past 40 y to identify trends in research pursuits.

Methods: US-based academic websites were queried for surgeon profiles.

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Background: Due to staffing changes at scheduled intervals and decreases in essential staff in the evenings, late intensive care unit (ICU) arrivals may be at risk for suboptimal outcomes. Utilizing a regional collaborative, we sought to determine the effect of ICU arrival timing on outcomes in elective isolated coronary artery bypass.

Methods: Adults undergoing elective, isolated coronary artery bypass from 17 hospitals between 2013 and 2023 were identified.

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Objective: To explore the association between intraoperative methadone use, postoperative pain, and opioid consumption after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Single academic medical center.

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Objective: Mitral valve repair is the gold standard for treatment of mitral regurgitation, but the optimal technique remains debated. By using a regional collaborative, we sought to determine the change in repair technique over time.

Methods: We identified all patients undergoing isolated mitral valve repair from 2012 to 2022 for degenerative mitral disease.

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Objective: Postoperative delirium after cardiac surgery is associated with long-term cognitive decline and mortality. We investigated whether increased ICU Confusion Assessment Method scores were associated with greater 30-day mortality and failure to rescue after cardiac surgery.

Methods: We studied 4030 patients who underwent a Society of Thoracic Surgeons index operation at the University of Virginia Health System from 2011 to 2021.

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Objective: Renal failure after cardiac surgery is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. There is a lack of data examining the rate of renal recovery after patients have started dialysis following cardiac surgery. We aimed to determine the frequency of and time to renal recovery of patients requiring dialysis after cardiac surgery.

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Background: Alcohol septal ablation (ASA) has been shown to increase the neo-left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) area before transcatheter mitral valve replacement (TMVR) but there is little literature on its success and use with dedicated devices.

Aims: To describe our experience with preemptive ASA to increase the predicted neo-LVOT area and its utility with both dedicated TMVR devices and balloon-expandable valves.

Methods: All patients who underwent ASA for TMVR candidacy in our center between May 2018 and October 2022 and had computed tomography (CT) scans done before and after ASA were included.

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Rare bleeding disorders in the perioperative period call for targeted resuscitation strategies. Factor VII deficiency, for instance, is often corrected with exogenous administration of recombinant factor VIIa. This activated clotting factor, initially designed for patients with hemophilia A or B with factor inhibitors, is gaining popularity as a salvage therapy for severe and persistent traumatic and surgical bleeding.

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Objectives: The aim was to characterize hospitalization costs, charges, and lengths of hospital stay for COVID-19 patients treated with venovenous (VV) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in the United States during 2020. Secondarily, differences in hospitalization costs, charges, and lengths of hospital stay were explored based on hospital-level factors.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

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Background: Cardiac postoperative intensive care unit (ICU) beds are a limited resource, and when a patient no longer requires this level of care they are quickly transferred out. We hypothesized that complications and ICU readmission increased when transfer occurred during off-hours compared with regular work hours.

Methods: From 2010 to 2021, patients who underwent a Society of Thoracic Surgeons index operation at a single center were assigned a group based on their ICU transfer time, defined as when they physically arrived on the acute care floor.

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Time-directed extubation (fast-track) protocols may decrease length of stay and cost but data on operating room (OR) extubation is limited. The objective of this study was to compare the outcomes of extubation in the OR versus fast-track extubation within 6 hours of leaving the operating room. Patients undergoing nonemergent STS index cases (2011-2021) who were extubated within 6 hours were identified from a regional STS quality collaborative.

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Objective: The need for concomitant tricuspid surgery during mitral valve surgery is associated with higher operative risk. We hypothesized that concomitant tricuspid surgery through a minimally invasive thoracotomy (MICS) is associated with noninferior risk compared with a sternotomy.

Methods: All patients undergoing mitral valve surgery at a single institution (2010 to 2020) were evaluated.

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Objective: Chronic kidney disease and renal failure are common in patients being considered for left ventricular assist device support. We sought to evaluate the outcomes of patients undergoing left ventricular assist device implantation with preoperative dialysis and those with new-onset postoperative renal failure requiring dialysis.

Methods: All patients (n = 14,090) undergoing primary left ventricular assist device implantation who were listed in the Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support database (2014-2019) were evaluated.

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In light of the worsening opioid epidemic and nationwide parenteral opioid shortage, our institution created an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol. Our objective was to evaluate our initial experience transitioning to ERAS in cardiac surgery. An institutional cardiac ERAS protocol was implemented in April 2018, consisting of opioid-sparing analgesia, liberalization of fasting and activity restrictions, and goal-directed standardization of perioperative care.

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Background And Aim Of Study: Aortic complications during cannulation must be managed urgently and often require hypothermic circulatory arrest. We report a unique management strategy to repair an aortic tear without dissection by modifying a Dacron ascending aortic graft with side-arm.

Case Presentation: A 32-year-old female patient undergoing reoperative cardiac surgery suffered an unexpected aortic tear during cannulation for cardiopulmonary bypass.

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Background: Recent reports suggest an increased rate of early structural valve degeneration (SVD) in the Trifecta bioprosthesis (Abbott Cardiovascular). We sought to compare the intermediate-term outcomes of the Magna (Edwards Life Sciences) and Trifecta valves.

Methods: All surgical aortic valve replacements (SAVRs) with Trifecta or Magna/Magna Ease bioprostheses at an academic medical center were extracted from an institutional database.

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Background: Under the new heart allocation policy patients needing durable left ventricular assist devices receive lower priority on the transplant list. We sought to identify predictors of successful heart transplant after durable device implant as a means to inform patient care in the current era.

Methods: All patients (N = 25,164) undergoing primary durable left ventricular device implant in The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Intermacs database (2010-2019) were evaluated.

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Background: Concomitant surgical ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF) at the time of mitral valve surgery is a Society of Thoracic Surgeons Class IA recommendation with evidence from randomized trial data. We hypothesized that concomitant AF ablation rates have increased over time with implementation of this evidence-based practice.

Methods: All patients (N = 7261) undergoing mitral valve operations (2011-2018) were queried from a regional Society of Thoracic Surgeons database.

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Background: Serious mental illness (SMI), defined as a mental disorder causing functional impairment, affects 9.8 million Americans. SMI correlates with earlier onset, more extensive cardiac disease, and reduced life expectancy by 25 years.

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Background: With the opioid crisis showing no sign of abating, strategies are needed to facilitate postoperative care for endocarditis related to injection drug use (IDU). The current standard, 6 weeks of intravenous antibiotics, yields frequent reoperation and IDU relapse. We examined the cost-effectiveness of inpatient drug rehabilitation (DR) postoperatively to optimize outcomes and costs.

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Objectives: Outcomes in cardiac surgery are benchmarked against national Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) data and include patients undergoing elective, urgent, emergent, and salvage operations. This practice relies on accurate risk adjustment to avoid risk-averse behavior. We hypothesize that the STS risk calculator does not adequately characterize the risk of salvage operations because of their heterogeneity and infrequent occurrence.

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Foreign body ingestion is one of the many potential causes of esophageal perforation. In this case report we describe a man who presented with chest pain and was found to have an isolated hemorrhagic pericardial effusion secondary to occult ingestion and pericardial migration of a metallic foreign body. Surgical management was successful, and the patient has recovered well.

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Objectives: The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services plans to institute a 5-year trial of bundled payments for coronary artery bypass grafting through 90 days after discharge. To investigate the impact, we reviewed actual inpatient costs for patients undergoing bypass surgery relative to the target price.

Methods: A total of 13,276 Medicare patients with estimated cost data underwent isolated coronary artery bypass grafting from 2008 to 2015 in 18 hospitals over 8 Medicare-defined regions within the Commonwealth of Virginia.

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