Nuclear Imaging Data-Driven Classification of Parkinson's Disease.

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor and nonmotor symptoms. Several features have prognostic importance and have been used as key indicators for identifying clinical subtypes. However, the symptom-based classification approach has limitations with respect to the stability of the obtained subtypes.

An investigation into the effects and prognostic factors of cognitive decline following subthalamic nucleus stimulation in patients with Parkinson's disease.

We retrospectively investigated the effects of subthalamic nucleus stimulation (STN-DBS) on new postoperative onset of cognitive decline and prognostic factors for advanced Parkinson's disease (PD). We studied 39 PD patients who had received bilateral STN-DBS. Clinical symptoms, cognitive function, psychiatric function, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) were assessed before and six months after surgery.

Summary of 15 years experience of awake surgeries for neuroepithelial tumors in tohoku university.

We retrospectively analyzed 15 years experience of awake surgeries for neuroepithelial tumors in Tohoku University. Awake surgeries mostly for language mapping were performed for 42 of 681 newly diagnosed cases (6.2%) and 59 of 985 surgeries including for recurrence (6.

Regression of recurrent glioblastoma infiltrating the brainstem after convection-enhanced delivery of nimustine hydrochloride.

This 13-year-old boy with a history of cranial irradiation for the CNS recurrence of acute lymphocytic leukemia developed a glioblastoma in the right cerebellum. Resection and chemo- and radiotherapy induced remission of the disease. However, recurrence was noted in the brainstem region 8 months later.

Differentiation of clear cell ependymoma of the cerebellum from hemangioblastoma by thallium-201 single photon emission computed tomography-case report-.

A 57-year-old man suffered from dizziness for about one year and truncal ataxia for about one month. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a cystic tumor with a homogeneously enhanced mural nodule located in the cerebellar vermis. Computed tomography angiography revealed a hypervascular nodule.

[Intraoperative neuronavigation system without rigid pin fixation].

Object: Integration of neuronavigation into brain tumor surgery can improve the accuracy and precision of resection, but most neuronavigation systems require rigid pin fixation of the patient's head throughout the operation. We describe use of a noninvasive skull reference tool, which can replace rigid pin fixation in awake craniotomy and pediatric surgery, when standard pin fixation cannot be used.

Methods And Results: The skull reference tool (BrainLAB, Munich, Germany) is directly attached to the outer skull with a small self-tapping screw.

Neuroendoscopic management of symptomatic septum pellucidum cavum vergae cyst using a high-definition flexible endoscopic system.

A 24-year-old man, who had an asymptomatic septum pellucidum cyst incidentally found one year previously, presented with severe headache and right abducens nerve palsy caused by expansion of the midline cyst. Preoperative magnetic resonance (MR) imaging revealed obstructive hydrocephalus due to the enlarged midline cyst. Neuroendoscopic fenestration of the septum pellucidum cyst was successfully performed via a right frontal approach using a high-resolution flexible neuroendoscopic system without complication.

[Clinical features and significance of negative motor response in intraoperative language mapping during awake craniotomy].

The negative motor area and anterior and posterior language areas were localized by intraoperative electrical cortical stimulation under the awake condition to evaluate the clinical significance of these areas. Thirty-seven awake craniotomies with language mapping were performed in 36 patients with brain tumors. The negative motor area was determined in 17 cases, and the anterior and posterior language areas were found in 12 and 6 cases, respectively.

Surgical implications of neuromagnetic spike localization in temporal lobe epilepsy.

Purpose: To investigate the clinical usefulness of magnetoencephalography (MEG) as a guide to the surgical treatment of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE).

Methods: Preoperative spike localization by MEG was compared with seizure outcome and postoperative spike localization at 12 months after resective surgery in 16 patients with TLE. Spike localization was classified into anterior temporal (AT) and non-AT localization in 11 patients without neocortical lesion treated with anterior temporal lobectomy (ATL); and lesion and lobar localization in five patients with neocortical lesion treated with lesionectomy (n = 3) or lesionectomy with medial temporal resection (n = 2).