Acute intense fatigue does not modify the effect of EVA and TPU custom foot orthoses on running mechanics, running economy and perceived comfort.

We determined whether fatigue modifies the effect of custom foot orthoses manufactured from ethyl-vinyl acetate (EVA) and expanded thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) materials, both compared to standardized footwear (CON), on running mechanics, running economy, and perceived comfort. Eighteen well-trained, males ran on an instrumented treadmill for 6 min at the speed corresponding to their first ventilatory threshold (13.8 ± 1.

Detecting mechanical breakpoints during treadmill-based graded exercise test: Relationships to ventilatory thresholds.

Background: While changes in cardio-respiratory variables during graded exercise tests (GXTs) are well described, less is known about running mechanical alterations.

Purpose: We determined mechanical breakpoints during GXT and compared their temporal location with thresholds in ventilation.

Methods: Thirty-one recreational male runners completed continuous GXT on an instrumented treadmill, starting at 2.

Constant low-to-moderate mechanical asymmetries during a treadmill graded exercise test.

This study describes asymmetry in key mechanical variables during a treadmill-based, running graded exercise test (GXT). Twenty-one recreationally trained male runners completed a continuous, maximal GXT on an instrumented treadmill, starting at 9 km.h with speed increases of +0.

Custom foot orthoses improve performance, but do not modify the biomechanical manifestation of fatigue, during repeated treadmill sprints.

Purpose: We determined the effect of custom foot orthotics manufactured from ethyl-vinyl acetate (EVA) and expanded thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) materials, both compared to a control condition (CON; shoes only) during repeated sprints on running mechanical alterations.

Methods: Eighteen males performed eight, 5-s sprints with 25-s recovery on an instrumented sprint treadmill in three footwear conditions (EVA, TPU and CON). Mechanical data consisted of continuous (step-by-step) measurement of running kinetics and kinematics, which were averaged for each sprint for further analysis.

The Effect of EVA and TPU Custom Foot Orthoses on Running Economy, Running Mechanics, and Comfort.

Custom made foot orthoses (CFO) with specific material properties have the potential to alter ground reaction forces but their effect on running mechanics and comfort remains to be investigated. We determined if CFO manufactured from ethyl-vinyl acetate (EVA) and expanded thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) materials, both compared to standardized footwear (CON), improve running economy (RE), running mechanics, and comfort at two running speeds. Eighteen well-trained, male athletes ran on an instrumented treadmill for 6 min at high (HS) and low (LS) speeds corresponding to and 15% lower than their first ventilatory threshold (13.

Fifth metatarsal stress fracture in elite male football players: an on-field analysis of plantar loading.

Objective: Evaluate plantar loading during 'on-field' common football movements in players after fifth metatarsal (MT-5) stress fracture and compare with matched healthy players.

Methods: Fourteen elite male soccer players participated in the study conducted on a natural grass playing surface using firm ground football boots. Seven players who had suffered a primary stress fracture (MT-5 group) and seven matched healthy players (controls, CON) performed three common football movements while in-shoe plantar loading data were collected.

Reliability and validity of the Zebris FDM-THQ instrumented treadmill during running trials.

Little is known about the reliability, validity and smallest detectable differences of selected kinetic and temporal variables recorded by the Zebris FDM-THQ instrumented treadmill especially during running. Twenty male participants (age = 31.9 years (±5.

The subtalar joint axis palpation technique part 2: reliability and validity results using cadaver feet.

Background: Clinically locating the point of no rotation to determine the subtalar joint axis location by applying pressure on the plantar surface of the foot was described by Kirby in 1987 but was never validated. We sought to extend a previously validated mechanical model to cadaver feet and to examine the intratester and intertester reliability.

Methods: Four testers with different levels of experience determined the subtalar joint axis location and moved the subtalar joint through its range of motion, capturing the movement using kinematic analysis.

The Subtalar Joint Axis Palpation Technique: Part 2 - Results on reliability and validity using cadaver feet.

Abstract Background Clinically locating the point of no rotation to determine the subtalar joint axis (STJA) location by applying pressure on the plantar surface of the foot, was described by Kirby in 1987, but never validated. The purpose of this study is to extend a previously validated mechanical model to cadaver feet and to examine the intra-intertester reliability. Methods Four testers, with different levels of experience, determined the STJA location and moved the STJ through its range of motion capturing the movement using kinematic analysis.

The subtalar joint axis palpation technique-part 1: validating a clinical mechanical model.

Background: Locating the position of the subtalar joint axis can be a predictive clinical variable in biomechanical analysis and a valuable tool in the design of functional foot orthoses. Before testing Kirby's palpation technique to locate the subtalar joint axis in cadavers, it was important to develop and test the experimental methods in a mechanical model in which the exact location of the hinge joint can be controlled.

Methods: Four testers determined the hinge joint location and moved it through its range of motion, capturing the movement of the joint axis using a kinematic model.

Intratest reliability in determining the subtalar joint axis using the palpation technique described by K. Kirby.

Background: Exact determination and classification of the spatial position of the subtalar joint axis could be a predictive clinical variable in biomechanical analysis and a valuable tool in the design of functional foot orthoses.

Methods: Three clinicians with different levels of experience determined and classified the subtalar joint axis location, three times, on 52 individuals, using the clinical palpation, allocation and interpretation technique, as described by K. Kirby.