Revisiting the Structure of Cacospongionolide E: An Approach Based on Empirical Rules and NMR Calculations.

In the field of natural product chemistry, the structures of several marine natural products have been erroneously determined. Here, we revisited the originally proposed structure of cacospongionolide E (1) using empirical rules in C NMR chemical shift analysis and density functional theory (DFT)-based NMR chemical shift calculations. Cacospongionolide E (1) is a marine natural product isolated from the Tyrrhenian sponge Fasciospongia cavernosa.

Exogenous ethanol treatment promotes glycyrrhizin accumulation in aseptically grown seedlings.

Licorice, the dried roots and rhizomes of Fisch., is one of the most popular herbal medicines used globally. Glycyrrhizin is the primary bioactive component of licorice, exhibiting various pharmacological activities.

Structure Elucidation of New Kavalactone Dimers From Alpinia zerumbet Pericarps Using NMR Calculations.

Alpinia zerumbet (Pers.) B.L.

Unraveling the molecular dissociation between aging and atherosclerosis: A bioinformatics approach.

Aim: In clinical practice, cardiologists frequently note substantial differences in coronary artery health among patients of the same age bracket. This observation led to our investigation into identifying genes that are shared between atherosclerosis and aging, as well as those that are specifically amplified in atherosclerosis alone.

Methods: Our study leveraged existing gene expression datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), avoiding the need for new experimental research involving human or animal subjects.

Relationship Between the Relative Length of the Second Metatarsal and Occurrence of Metatarsalgia in Patients With Hallux Valgus.

Background: Patients with hallux valgus (HV) may develop metatarsalgia, which is partly attributed to second metatarsal relative length (RL2M). However, no study has analyzed RL2Ms measured by various methods as predictors for metatarsalgia in HV patients. This study aimed to investigate the predictors for metatarsalgia in HV patients and calculate the cutoff values for metatarsalgia in preoperative planning for lesser metatarsal shortening osteotomy.

Comprehensive Analysis of Sulfated Flavonoids in for Quality Evaluation.

(Asteraceae) is employed as a hemostatic agent in many traditional medicines, owing to its sulfated flavonoid content. In this study, we obtained crude drug samples from three provinces collected in different years and analyzed their sulfated flavonoid contents using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) for quality evaluation. Because sulfated flavonoids are unstable and difficult to isolate from extracts, this study first synthesized a variety of sulfated flavonoids and accumulated spectral data in order to identify the compounds in .

TIGIT expression on neoplastic cells is a poor prognostic factor for adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma.

Adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is an aggressive peripheral T-cell neoplasm with a poor prognosis. T-cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif domains (TIGIT) is an immune checkpoint receptor expressed on T and natural killer cells. Although increased TIGIT expression in the tumour microenvironment is associated with poor prognosis in various neoplasms, its relevance in ATLL remains unknown.

Enantioselective Synthesis, Crystal Structures, and Stereoisomerism of Substituted ,,,-Tetraphenylenes.

We have achieved the enantioselective synthesis of highly strained, substituted ,,,-tetraphenylenes (≤98% ee) via the cationic Rh(I)/()-H-BINAP complex-catalyzed chemo-, regio-, and enantioselective intermolecular cross-[2+2+2] cycloaddition of teraryl diynes with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate. X-ray crystallographic analyses demonstrate the highly bent structures of the -substituted benzene moieties, and density functional theory calculations reveal the large local strain of the paraphenylene unit. H nuclear magnetic resonance analyses and theoretical calculations elucidate the stereoisomerism, indicating that the nonrotatable -disubstituted biphenyl structure results in and isomers.

Induced membrane technique and intramedullary beaming for the extensive bone defect of the talonavicular joint: A case report and literature review.

Cases involving both the induced membrane technique and intramedullary beaming are generally rare. Here, we report such a case in an 83-year-old man who suffered from left midfoot pain. Pyogenic arthritis was suspected based on clinical findings, and curettage was performed, revealing an extensive bone defect.

Omadacycline is active and against ciprofloxacin-resistant .

, the causative agent of anthrax, is among the most likely bacterial pathogens to be used in a biological attack. Inhalation anthrax is a serious, life-threatening form of infection, and the mortality from acute inhaled anthrax can approach 100% if not treated early and aggressively. Food and Drug Administration-approved antibiotics indicated for post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) or treatment of anthrax are limited.

Enhancing Diabetes Management for Older Patients: The Potential Role of ChatGPT.

Artificial intelligence (AI) technology has the potential to improve diabetes education for older individuals with diabetes. However, as AI becomes integrated into healthcare, it will be important to ensure even greater accuracy and establish a framework. The significance of direct communication between patients and healthcare providers will remain unchanged, regardless of the level of technological advancement.

Exploratory bibliometric analysis and text mining to reveal research trends in cardiac aging.

Objectives: We conducted a text mining analysis of 40 years of literature on cardiac aging from PubMed to investigate the current understanding on cardiac aging and its mechanisms. This study aimed to embody what most researchers consider cardiac aging to be.

Methods: We used multiple text mining and machine learning tools to extract important information from a large amount of text.

Phytochemicals of : A Review.

(Pers.) B.L.

Enantioselective Construction of Tetrahydroindole Skeletons by Rh-Catalyzed [2+2+2] Cycloaddition of Homopropargyl Enamides with Alkynes.

We have developed the Rh-catalyzed enantioselective [2+2+2] cycloaddition of homopropargyl enamides (tosylamide-tethered 1,6-enynes) with alkynes to construct tetrahydroindole skeletons found in natural alkaloids and pharmaceuticals. This cycloaddition proceeds at room temperature in high yields and regio- and enantioselectivity with a broad substrate scope. The preparative scale reaction followed by substituent conversion on the nitrogen atom and the diastereoselective [4+2] cycloaddition with singlet O affords hexahydroindole-diols bearing three stereogenic centers and variable substituents on the nitrogen.

Vibration-mediated long-wavelength photolysis of electronegative bonds beyond S-S and S-T transitions.

Photolysis is an attractive method in organic synthesis to produce free radicals through direct bond cleavage. However, in this method, specific irradiation wavelengths of light have been considered indispensable for excitation through S-S or S-T transitions. Here we report the photoinduced homolysis of electronegative interelement bonds using light at wavelengths much longer than theoretically and spectroscopically predicted for the S-S or S-T transitions.

Dearomative Construction of 2D/3D Frameworks from Quinolines via Nucleophilic Addition/Borate-Mediated Photocycloaddition.

Dearomative construction of multiply-fused 2D/3D frameworks, composed of aromatic two-dimensional (2D) rings and saturated three-dimensional (3D) rings, from readily available quinolines has greatly contributed to drug discovery. However, dearomative cycloadditions of quinolines in the presence of photocatalysts usually afford 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoline (THQ)-based polycycles, and dearomative access to 1,2,3,4-THQ-based structures remains limited. Herein, we present a chemo-, regio-, diastereo-, and enantioselective dearomative transformation of quinolines into 1,2,3,4-THQ-based 6-6-4-membered rings without any catalyst, through a combination of nucleophilic addition and borate-mediated [2+2] photocycloaddition.

Ultrasonography-Based Quantitative Evaluation of Second Metatarsophalangeal Joint Instability in Female Patients With Hallux Valgus.

Background: Patients with moderate to severe hallux valgus (HV) sometimes exhibit second metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint dislocation. Second MTP joint instability due to plantar plate (PP) injury has been suggested as one of the causes. However, there have been no reports that quantitatively evaluate this instability.

Characterization of the Volatile Constituents of Plai () by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry.

Roscoe, known as plai in Thailand, is a perennial plant of the family and has traditionally been used in Southeast Asian countries to treat inflammation, pain, and asthma. In this study, we performed the characterization of the volatile constituents in ethyl acetate extracts of plai. Ethyl acetate extracts derived from the rhizomes of plai were subjected to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and the key peaks in the total ion current chromatograms were annotated or identified.

Visible-Light-Induced -Hydroboration of Diaryl Alkynes Utilizing Excited State of Borate Complexes.

We have developed visible-light-induced -hydroboration of diaryl alkynes via direct photoexcitation of in-situ-generated diboron complexes, affording previously elusive ()-1,2-diaryl-vinylboronates with high stereoselectivity. Experimental, spectroscopic, and theoretical mechanistic studies revealed that the triplet-state borate complex facilitates B-B bond cleavage and the desired C-B bond formation. This methodology does not require any catalyst and is operationally simple.

Single-polyp metabolomics for coral health assessment.

Coral reef ecosystems supported by environmentally sensitive reef-building corals face serious threats from human activities. Our understanding of these reef threats is hampered by the lack of sufficiently sensitive coral environmental impact assessment systems. In this study, we established a platform for metabolomic analysis at the single-coral-polyp level using state-of-the-art mass spectrometry (probe electrospray ionization/tandem mass spectrometry; PESI/MS/MS) capable of fine-scale analysis.

Structural Revision of Tinotufolins from Leaves Guided by Empirical Rules and DFT Calculations.

Clerodane diterpenes are a class of secondary metabolites that can be classified into four types according to the configuration of the H-19/H-10-H-17/H-20 fragment, i.e., - (TC), - (TT), - (CC), and - (CT).

Angioimmunoblastic T-Cell Lymphoma after Treatment of Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma: A Case Report.

We report a case of a 24-year-old man who developed angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) after treatment for refractory lymphocyte-rich classic Hodgkin lymphoma (LR-CHL). This patient was treated with the BV+AVD (brentuximab vedotin, doxorubicin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine) protocol for LR-CHL but progressed before completing chemotherapy. The pathological imaging showed the typical findings of LR-CHL at the first onset and first progression.