Endoscopic diagnosis of Whipple disease in a patient without gastrointestinal symptoms: A case report.

Whipple's disease is a systemic chronic bacterial infection caused by , a gram-positive bacillus. infection in the small intestine often causes malabsorption and is often accompanied by gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea and abdominal pain. In this report, we describe our experience with a case of Whipple's disease in which the affected patient did not have the typical gastrointestinal symptoms.

Novel adsorptive type apheresis device Immunopure for ulcerative colitis from clinical perspectives based on clinical trials: Japan and Europe.

Several adsorptive type devices for ulcerative colitis are used for the induction of remission in patients with active severe disease worldwide. In 2020, the novel apheresis device Immunopure for ulcerative colitis was launched in Japan. Immunopure, like the polyethylene terephthalate column, uses polyarylate, a type of polyester resin, as the adsorbent.

The Differential Diagnosis of Colorectal Polyps Using Colon Capsule Endoscopy.

Objective Although colorectal polyps (CPs) can be observed with colon capsule endoscopy (CCE), it is difficult to determine the type of polyp using CCE. The objective of this study was to differentiate adenomatous polyps (APs) from hyperplastic polyps (HPs) with CCE. Methods In this single-center retrospective study, an analysis was conducted on the same CPs with both CCE and colonoscopy (CS) and histopathologically diagnosed as AP or HP.

Enhancement of -linked N-acetylglucosamine modification promotes metastasis in patients with colorectal cancer and concurrent type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Reversible post-translational modification of serine and threonine residues by -linked N-acetylglucosamine (-GlcNAc), termed -GlcNAcylation has been indicated to regulate the activities of a number of different proteins. Augmented -GlcNAcylation contributes to the etiologies of type 2 diabetes mellitus (TDM) and cancer. Moreover, diabetic conditions increase the risk of colorectal cancer.

Autophagy deficiency exacerbates colitis through excessive oxidative stress and MAPK signaling pathway activation.

Background And Aim: Autophagy is an essential process involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Although there are many data showing the roles of autophagy in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), the mechanisms involved remain to be fully elucidated. We investigated the influence of autophagy in IECs on gastrointestinal tract inflammation.

Evaluation of the impact of linked color imaging for improving the visibility of colonic polyp.

Linked color imaging (LCI) is a novel endoscopic system used to increase color contrast. As LCI does not decrease luminal brightness, it may improve the detection of colonic neoplasms. However, the extent to which LCI improves the visibility of colonic polyps has not yet been determined.

Cytomegalovirus infection in ulcerative colitis assessed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction: risk factors and effects of immunosuppressants.

We investigated the risk factors of and appropriate treatment for cytomegalovirus colitis in patients with ulcerative colitis, using quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis to detect cytomegalovirus in the colonic mucosa. Between February 2013 and January 2017, patients with exacerbated ulcerative colitis who were admitted to our hospital were consecutively enrolled in this retrospective, single-center study. Patients were evaluated for cytomegalovirus using serology (antigenemia) and quantitative polymerase chain reaction analyses of the colonic mucosa, which were sampled during colonoscopy.

Dual antiplatelet therapy does not affect the incidence of low-dose aspirin-induced small intestinal mucosal injury in patients after percutaneous coronary intervention for coronary stenosis: a multicenter cross-sectional study.

Although low-dose aspirin (LDA) is known to induce small intestinal mucosal injury, the effect of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT; LDA + clopidogrel) on small intestinal mucosa in patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for coronary stenosis is unknown. Fifty-one patients with a history of PCI and LDA use were enrolled, and 45 eligible patients were analyzed. Patients were grouped based on DAPT (DAPT:  = 10 and non-DAPT:  = 35) and proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use (PPI user:  = 22 and PPI-free patients:  = 23) to compare small intestinal endoscopic findings.

New-generation full-spectrum endoscopy versus standard forward-viewing colonoscopy: a multicenter, randomized, tandem colonoscopy trial (J-FUSE Study).

Background And Aims: Although colonoscopy is the criterion standard for detection of colorectal adenomas, some adenomas are missed. Full-spectrum endoscopy (FUSE) allows for observation with a 330-degree angle of view, which is expected to decrease the miss rate. However, no consensus has been reached regarding the superiority of FUSE over standard forward-viewing colonoscopy (SFVC) for detection of adenomas; we therefore compared new-generation FUSE and SFVC regarding colorectal adenoma miss rate (AMR) in this, the first reported randomized control trial using new-generation FUSE.

Effect of egualen sodium hydrate on small-intestinal mucosal damage induced by low-dose aspirin: a prospective randomized clinical trial.

Low-dose aspirin, which is widely used to reduce the risk of cardio- and cerebrovascular thrombosis, often induces gastroenteropathy by increasing the permeability of the mucosa. However, therapeutic strategies for patients with low-dose aspirin-induced small intestinal injury have not been determined. We evaluated the preventative effect of egualen sodium hydrate, a gastro-protective agent that suppresses indomethacin-induced small-intestinal damage in rats, against small-intestinal mucosal damage induced by low-dose aspirin in healthy adult male volunteers.

Sitagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, suppresses CXCL5 and SDF-1 and does not accelerate intestinal neoplasia formation in mice fed a high-fat diet.

The relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus and intestinal neoplasia has been shown epidemiologically. A high-fat diet (HFD) is also known to promote insulin resistance, which is a risk factor for intestinal neoplasia. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors are used in the clinic for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and also to prolong the effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1).

Reocclusion after Self-Expandable Metallic Stent Placement for Relieving Malignant Colorectal Obstruction as a Palliative Treatment.

Self-expandable metallic stent (SEMS) placement has been practiced in several hospitals in Japan, including ours, since January 2012. Here, we report the case of an 82-year-old Japanese man who presented to the hospital with a 1-week history of right hypochondrial pain. Computed tomography (CT) findings indicated colorectal cancer.

Multiple Mesenteric Panniculitis as a Complication of Sjögren's Syndrome Leading to Ileus.

Mesenteric panniculitis (MP) is a benign fibroinflammatory process characterized by the presence of fat necrosis, chronic inflammation and fibrosis in the mesentery. Although various causal factors, such as malignancy, chronic inflammatory conditions and autoimmune processes, have been identified, the precise etiology remains unknown. We herein report a rare case of MP accompanying Sjögren's syndrome in which a mass lesion and intestinal stenosis were observed simultaneously.

The dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor sitagliptin suppresses mouse colon tumorigenesis in type 2 diabetic mice.

Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus are known to have an increased risk of colorectal neoplasia. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors have been used as a new therapeutic tool for type 2 diabetes. Since the substrates for DPP-4 include intestinotrophic hormones and chemokines such as GLP-2 and stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1), which are associated with tumor progression, DPP-4 inhibitors may increase the risk of colorectal tumors.

[A case of ruptured giant splenic artery aneurysm].

A 68-year-old woman presented with general malaise. Her vital signs were unstable, and abdominal computed tomography revealed giant (10 cm) splenic artery aneurysm with evidence of rupture. We first occluded the root of the splenic artery using a balloon catheter.

Effects of oral tacrolimus as a rapid induction therapy in ulcerative colitis.

Aim: To determine the efficacy and safety of rapid induction therapy with oral tacrolimus without a meal in steroid-refractory ulcerative colitis (UC) patients.

Methods: This was a prospective, multicenter, observational study. Between May 2010 and August 2012, 49 steroid-refractory UC patients (55 flare-ups) were consecutively enrolled.

Geranylgeranylacetone suppresses colitis‑related mouse colon carcinogenesis.

Geranylgeranylacetone (GGA), an isoprenoid compound, is an anti-ulcer drug developed in Japan. GGA protects a variety of cells and tissues against numerous stresses via induction of heat shock protein (HSP) 70, and it has recently been reported to protect mice from experimental ulcerative colitis (UC). However, it is unknown whether GGA exhibits a preventive effect on UC-associated neoplasia.

Clinical effects of adalimumab treatment with concomitant azathioprine in Japanese Crohn's disease patients.

Aim: To assess adalimumab's efficacy with concomitant azathioprine (AZA) for induction and maintenance of clinical remission in Japanese Crohn's disease (CD) patients.

Methods: This retrospective, observational, single-center study enrolled 28 consecutive CD patients treated with adalimumab (ADA). Mean age and mean disease duration were 38.

Preventive effect of irsogladine or omeprazole on non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced esophagitis, peptic ulcers, and small intestinal lesions in humans, a prospective randomized controlled study.

Background: Proton-pump inhibitors such as omeprazole are a standard treatment to prevent non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced upper gastrointestinal mucosal injuries. However, it is unclear which drugs may protect against all NSAID-induced digestive-tract injuries. Here, we compare the efficacy of the gastromucoprotective drug irsogladine with omeprazole in preventing NSAID-induced esophagitis, peptic ulcers, and small-intestinal mucosal injury in healthy subjects.

The efficacy of oral tacrolimus in patients with moderate/severe ulcerative colitis not receiving concomitant corticosteroid therapy.

Objective: The calcineurin inhibitor tacrolimus has been shown to be safe and effective as salvage therapy for steroid-refractory ulcerative colitis (UC). Since differences in the onset of action between various agents are thought to influence the achievement and maintenance of disease remission, top-down or accelerated step-up therapy with tacrolimus may be useful. However, the efficacy of tacrolimus in moderate to severe UC patients not receiving concomitant steroids remains unknown.