Detection methods for carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in surface water and wastewater.

Water systems can act as an important reservoir for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which can pose public health risks during human contact. Carbapenem resistance is one of the most concerning resistances in P. aeruginosa making it a high-priority pathogen according to the World Health Organization (WHO), due to its ability to cause difficult-to-treat infections.

Exchange rates of second generation Microcuff® pediatric endotracheal tubes in children weighing more than 3 kg : A retrospective audit.

Background: Cuffed endotracheal tubes (cETT) pose the potential advantage of an infrequent need for reintubation in pediatric patients compared to uncuffed tubes. The aim of this study was to investigate tube exchange rates using second generation Microcuff® pediatric endotracheal tubes (PET) with an adapted sizing recommendation in a large single institution cohort of children and to identify potential variables associated with an elevated risk of tube exchange.

Methods: Patient data obtained from the electronic patient data management system of the Department of Anesthesia, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Switzerland, were retrospectively assessed for demographic and anthropometric information, size of the internal tube diameter used for positive pressure ventilation and divergence from the size recommendation chart.

What do we know about the role of neoadjuvant targeted therapy in early-stage -mutant and -fused non-small cell lung cancer?-a narrative review of the current literature.

Background And Objective: The standard first-line treatment for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harbouring epidermal growth factor receptor () mutations or anaplastic lymphoma kinase () fusions is targeted therapy using tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). However, data are still lacking on the use of TKIs as a neoadjuvant or induction approach. Therefore, this narrative review aims to summarize the current knowledge on resectable -mutant and -fused NSCLC regarding available perioperative treatment regimens and off-label neoadjuvant use of targeted therapy.

Efficacy of an erector spinae plane block for renal colic: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background And Aim: The passage of kidney stones through the ureter creates renal colic, a severe visceral abdominal pain. Renal colic is typically managed with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and opioids. Yet, these treatments often fail to provide adequate pain relief.

Video Versus Nonvideo in a Rabbit Training Model for Establishing an Emergency Front of Neck Airway in Children: A Prospective Trial.

Objectives: Simulating a realistic "cannot intubate, cannot oxygenate" (CICO) situation to train an "emergency front of neck airway" is difficult. It further remains unclear if provision of regular technical refreshers improves performance in the setting of a real CICO situation. The purpose of this prospective study on an established surgical rabbit cadaver tracheostomy model was to evaluate the benefit of viewing training material shortly before performing "emergency front of neck airway.

Pharmacotherapy considerations for pediatric acute agitation management in the emergency department.

Purpose: To review the current literature regarding the pharmacological management of acute agitation in pediatric patients and practical considerations when comparing agents for empiric use in the emergency department (ED).

Summary: ED providers play an integral role in the management of acute agitation in pediatric patients. The development of acute agitation is multifactorial, and patients may quickly escalate upon arrival or while boarding in the ED.

Health-related quality of life of children with X-linked hypophosphatemia in Germany.

Background: X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) is a rare inherited phosphate-wasting disorder associated with bone and dental complications. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is reduced in XLH patients on conventional treatment with phosphate supplements and active vitamin D, while information on patients treated with burosumab is rare.

Methods: HRQoL was assessed in 63 pediatric XLH patients participating in a prospective, observational study and patient registry in Germany using the KIDSCREEN-52 survey instrument and standardized qualitative interviews.

Morphological changes and their associations with clinical parameters in children with nephropathic cystinosis and chronic kidney disease prior to kidney replacement therapy over 25 years.

Background: Infantile nephropathic cystinosis (INC) is a rare lysosomal storage disorder, mostly and often firstly affecting the kidneys, together with impaired disharmonious growth and rickets, eventually resulting in progressive chronic kidney disease (CKD). With the introduction of cysteamine therapy, most pediatric patients reach adulthood with no need for kidney replacement therapy. Still, detailed changes in INC patients' clinical and morphological presentation over the past decades have not yet been thoroughly investigated.

Endurance Training Provokes Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy Phenotype in Heterozygous Desmoglein-2 Mutants: Alleviation by Preload Reduction.

Desmoglein-2 mutations are detected in 5-10% of patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC). Endurance training accelerates the development of the ARVC phenotype, leading to earlier arrhythmic events. Homozygous mutant mice develop a severe ARVC-like phenotype.

Favorable Outcome After Single-kidney Transplantation From Small Donors in Children: A Match-controlled CERTAIN Registry Study.

Background: Kidney transplantation (KTx) from small donors is associated with inferior graft survival in registry studies, whereas single-center studies show favorable results.

Methods: We compared 175 pediatric KTx from small donors ≤20 kg (SDKTx) with 170 age-matched recipients from adult donors (ADKTx) from 20 centers within the Cooperative European Paediatric Renal Transplant Initiative registry. Graft survival and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were analyzed by Cox regression and mixed models.

CD10 Expression Correlates with Earlier Tumour Stages and Left-Sided Tumour Location in Colorectal Cancer but Has No Prognostic Impact in a European Cohort.

The role of CD10 expression in colorectal cancer has been controversially discussed in the literature. Some data suggest a predictive capacity for lymph node and liver metastases, thus influencing overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). This study aims to analyse the relationship between CD10 expression and overall survival (OS) in a European cohort.

(Why) Do Transparent Hearing Devices Impair Speech Perception in Collocated Noise?

Hearing aids and other hearing devices should provide the user with a benefit, for example, compensate for effects of a hearing loss or cancel undesired sounds. However, wearing hearing devices can also have negative effects on perception, previously demonstrated mostly for spatial hearing, sound quality and the perception of the own voice. When hearing devices are set to transparency, that is, provide no gain and resemble open-ear listening as well as possible, these side effects can be studied in isolation.

IL-22 promotes liver regeneration after portal vein ligation.

Background: Insufficient remnant liver volume (RLV) after the resection of hepatic malignancy could lead to liver failure and mortality. Portal vein ligation (PVL) prior to hepatectomy is subsequently introduced to increase the remnant liver volume and improve the outcome of hepatic malignancy. IL-22 has previously been reported to promote liver regeneration, while facilitating tumor development in the liver via Steap4 upregulation.

Visualization of bone formation in sheep's middle ear by using fluorochrome sequential labelling (FSL).

One factor for the lacking integration of the middle ear stapes footplate prosthesis or the missing healing of stapes footplate fractures could be the known osteogenic inactivity. In contrast, it was recently demonstrated that titanium prostheses with an applied collagen matrix and immobilised growth factors stimulate osteoblastic activation and differentiation on the stapes footplate. Regarding those findings, the aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of bone regeneration including bone remodeling in the middle ear.

Low-cost simulation model for ultrasound-guided punch biopsy and puncture: Construction manual and photo examples.

Purpose: Ultrasound-guided puncture and punch biopsy pose a particular challenge in ultrasound examination training. These techniques should be learned and performed several times using a simulation model that is as realistic as possible before being applied to patients. While the use of agar-agar-based models is extensively documented in the literature, there is a discernible gap in publications specifically addressing their use in punch biopsy and puncture.

PD-L1 on large extracellular vesicles is a predictive biomarker for therapy response in tissue PD-L1-low and -negative patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

Immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). High expression of tissue PD-L1 (tPD-L1) is currently the only approved biomarker for predicting treatment response. However, even tPD-L1 low (1-49%) and absent (<1%) patients might benefit from immunotherapy but, to date, there is no reliable biomarker, that can predict response in this particular patient subgroup.

Isomaltulose Enhances GLP-1 and PYY Secretion to a Mixed Meal in People With or Without Type 2 Diabetes as Compared to Saccharose.

Scope: Secretion of the gut hormones glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1) and peptide YY (PYY) are induced by nutrients reaching the lower small intestine which regulate insulin and glucagon release, inhibit appetite, and may improve β-cell regeneration. The aim is to test the effect of a slowly digested isomaltulose (ISO) compared to the rapidly digested saccharose (SAC) as a snack given 1 h before a standardized mixed meal test (MMT) on GLP-1, PYY, glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP), and metabolic responses in participants with or without type 2 diabetes (T2DM).

Methods And Results: Fifteen healthy volunteers and 15 patients with T2DM consumed either 50 g ISO or SAC 1 h preload of MMT on nonconsecutive days.

Volume expansion mitigates Shiga toxin-producing E. coli-hemolytic uremic syndrome in children.

Background: Shiga toxin-producing E. coli-hemolytic uremic syndrome (STEC-HUS) is associated with high morbidity and relevant mortality. Previous small studies showed that volume expansion could improve the course and outcome of STEC-HUS.

The value of subcutaneous xenografts for individualised radiotherapy in HNSCC: Robust gene signature correlates with radiotherapy outcome in patients and xenografts.

Purpose: To assess the robustness of prognostic biomarkers and molecular tumour subtypes developed for patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) on cell-line derived HNSCC xenograft models, and to develop a novel biomarker signature by combining xenograft and patient datasets.

Materials And Methods: Mice bearing xenografts (n = 59) of ten HNSCC cell lines and a retrospective, multicentre patient cohort (n = 242) of the German Cancer Consortium-Radiation Oncology Group (DKTK-ROG) were included. All patients received postoperative radiochemotherapy (PORT-C).