Sports participation plays a relevant role in the relationship between birth weight and bone mineral content in adolescents.

The Developmental Origins of Health and Disease hypothesis (DOHaD) proposes that growth during the prenatal period might play a critical role in health, affecting the development of diseases, such as osteoporosis. Bone health is particularly affected by human behaviors when sports participation constitutes the main manifestation of physical exercise. The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between birth weight (BW) and bone mineral content (BMC) among adolescents, as well as to identify if sports participation and maturity can affect this relationship.

Synthesis of Boron-Containing Nucleoside Analogs.

Over the last century, nucleoside-based therapeutics have demonstrated remarkable effectiveness in the treatment of a wide variety of diseases from cancer to HIV. In addition, boron-containing drugs have recently emerged as an exciting and fruitful avenue for medicinal therapies. However, borononucleosides have largely been unexplored in the context of medicinal applications.

The Combined Relationship of Vitamin D and Weight-Bearing Sports Participation on Areal Bone Density and Geometry Among Adolescents: ABCD - Growth Study.

Osteoporosis is a public health problem, which negatively impacts society and national health services worldwide. Altered mineralization of the skeleton can be caused by persistent vitamin D deficiency. However, the combined impact of both on bone health is still under investigation.

Effects of regular sport activities on stress level in sporting and non-sporting university students.

Background: Regular sport has favourable influence on the physical and mental state. Our aim was to analyse the relationship between regular sport activities, body parameters, cortisol level, perceived stress and the frequency of psychosomatic symptoms in male and female university students.

Methods: Subjects were university students (N = 200).

Comparison of the Cardiovascular Effects of Extreme Psychological and Physical Stress Tests in Male Soccer Players.

Background: The purpose of our study was to compare the physiological effects of extreme physical and psychological stress tests in male soccer players, since these two types of stress apply to athletes with high performance requirements.

Methods: A total of 63 healthy male soccer players participated in this study, all of whom underwent both of the tests. A physical stress test was carried out in an exercise physiology laboratory, where subjects completed an incremental treadmill running test to full exhaustion, and a psychological test was performed in a military tactical room, where subjects met a street offence situation.

Physiological and Psychological Responses to a Maximal Swimming Exercise Test in Adolescent Elite Athletes.

Background: Continuously rising performances in elite adolescent athletes requires increasing training loads. This training overload without professional monitoring, could lead to overtraining in these adolescents.

Methods: 31 elite adolescent athletes (boys: = 19, 16 yrs; girls: = 12, 15 yrs) participated in a field-test which contained a unified warm-up and a 200 m maximal freestyle swimming test.

More than Sports Participation: The Role of Ground Reaction Force, Osteocalcin and Lean Soft Tissue on Bone Density Accrual in Adolescents: ABCD Growth Study.

The objective of this study was to identify predictors of 12-mo areal bone density accrual in different body segments, lean soft tissue, and osteogenic characteristics attributed to sports participation among adolescent girls and boys. Adolescents (Girls [n = 64], [aged = 14.7]); Boys [n = 129], [aged = 14.

The Relationship between Binge Drinking and Metabolic Syndrome Components amongst Young Adults Aged 21 to 31 Years: Ellisras Longitudinal Study.

Background: Evidence is lacking on the effects of binge alcohol consumption on metabolic syndrome in the rural South African population. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between binge drinking and components of metabolic syndrome (MetS) amongst Ellisras rural young adults aged 21 to 31 years who are part of the Ellisras Longitudinal Study.

Methods: Logistic regression analysis was applied to a total of 624 participants (306 males and 318 females) aged 21 to 31 years who took part in the Ellisras Longitudinal Study (ELS).

Change in the Mindset of a Paediatric Exercise Physiologist: A Review of Fifty Years Research.

In this review, the career of a pediatric exercise physiologist (HCGK) is given over a period of almost 50 years. His research was concentrated on the relationship of physical activity (physical education, sport, and daily physical activity) with health and fitness in teenagers in secondary schools. (1) His first experiment was an exercise test on a bicycle ergometer to measure aerobic fitness by estimating physical work capacity at a heart rate of 170 beats/minute (PWC).

NEUROMUSCULAR FITNESS IN EARLY LIFE AND ITS IMPACT ON BONE HEALTH IN ADULTHOOD: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW.

Objective: To systematically review the literature to verify the relationship between neuromuscular fitness indicators in childhood/adolescence and bone strength variables in adulthood.

Data Sources: A systematic review was conducted in PUBMED, SCOPUS, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science, PsycINFO, LILACS, and SciELO, covering the entire period until March 2019.

Data Synthesis: The search identified 1149 studies.

Sports participation improves metabolic profile in adolescents: ABCD growth study.

To analyze the impact of participation in sports with different cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) demands on changes in metabolic and cardiovascular markers in adolescents. Longitudinal study with 12 months of follow-up (Analysis of Behaviors of Children During Growth [ABCD Growth Study]). Overall, 184 adolescents (age 15.

The Use of Alcohol and Knowledge of Cardiovascular Diseases among Ellisras Rural Children Aged 14-22 Years: Ellisras Longitudinal Study.

The harm alcohol abuse does to physical and mental health is well established. The perception of cardiovascular disease risk factors and alcohol use requires attention. This study aims to investigate the association between alcohol usage and knowledge of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) risk factors among Ellisras rural adolescents and young adults aged 14-22 years.

Anthropometric indices for predicting cardiovascular risk factors: Ellisras longitudinal study.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to determine which anthropometric indices can best predict the presence of common cardiovascular risk factors among young adults in the rural village of Ellisras in the Limpopo Province, South Africa.

Methods: A total of 624 young adults (306 males and 318 females) aged 18 to 29 years took part in this cross-sectional study. Anthropometrics were measured according to the standard procedures.

Impact of Artistic Gymnastics on Bone Formation Marker, Density and Geometry in Female Adolescents: ABCD-Growth Study.

Background: To compare bone density accrual and markers of bone geometry and formation between female adolescents engaged and not engaged in artistic gymnastics (AGs).

Methods: This was a 12-month longitudinal study involving 20 female adolescents, including 10 controls and 10 gymnasts (AGs) aged 11 to 16 years. At baseline, the gymnasts had a minimum of 12 months of practice, and the controls reported no participation in any organized sport.

The Amsterdam Growth and Health Longitudinal Study: how important is physical activity in youth for later health? (ELS 33).

Background: Three important results came from the Amsterdam Growth and Health Longitudinal Study (AGAHLS). This study followed three birth cohorts (1962, 1963 and 1964) of boys and girls in the Amsterdam region in the Netherlands. The follow-up period was 25 years, with 10 measurements from age 12 to 42 years.

Sports participation and muscle mass affect sex-related differences in bone mineral density between male and female adolescents: A longitudinal study.

Background: Sports participation plays an important role in bone gain during childhood and adolescence. The aim here was to identify sex-related determinants of bone mineral density (BMD) differences between male and female adolescents, with emphasis on the role of sports participation.

Design And Setting: Longitudinal study conducted in a public university in Presidente Prudente, Brazil.

The Relationship between Body Fat Percentage and Some Anthropometric and Physical Fitness Characteristics in Pre- and Peripubertal Boys.

The main aim of this study was to compare anthropometric and physical fitness indicators of boys of the same chronical age but with different fat percentages. Subjects were Hungarian boys aged 9⁻13 years ( = 6919). Anthropometry was measured according the guidelines of the International Biological Program.

Self-Reported Physical Activity is Not a Valid Method for Measuring Physical Activity in 15-Year-Old South African Boys and Girls.

Physical activity plays an important role in the prevention of chronic lifestyle-related diseases. The development of valid instruments for the assessment of physical activity remains a challenge in field studies. The purpose of the present study was therefore to determine the level of agreement between physical activity objectively measured by the ActiHeart (Cambridge Neurotechnology Ltd, Cambridge, UK) device and subjectively reported physical activity by means of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ-SF) among adolescents attending schools in the Tlokwe Local Municipality, South Africa.

Sport-based physical activity recommendations and modifications in C-reactive protein and arterial thickness.

Unlabelled: We analyzed the effects of 1 year of engagement in ≥ 300 min/week of organized sports on inflammatory levels and vascular structure in adolescents. The sample was composed of 89 adolescents (11.6 ± 0.

Staphylococcus aureus Alpha-Toxin Disrupts Endothelial-Cell Tight Junctions via Acid Sphingomyelinase and Ceramide.

() infections are among the most common and severe infections, garnering notoriety in an era of increasing resistance to antibiotics. It is therefore important to define molecular mechanisms by which this pathogen attacks host cells. Here, we demonstrate that alpha-toxin, one of the major toxins of , induces activation of acid sphingomyelinase and concomitant release of ceramide in endothelial cells treated with the toxin.

Association between Blood Pressure and Birth Weight among Rural South African Children: Ellisras Longitudinal Study.

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the association between birth weight, underweight, and blood pressure (BP) among Ellisras rural children aged between 5 and 15 years. Data were collected from 528 respondents who participated in the Ellisras Longitudinal Study (ELS) and had their birth weight recorded on their health clinic card. Standard procedure was used to measure the anthropometric measurements and BP.

Somatic maturation and the relationship between bone mineral variables and types of sports among adolescents: cross-sectional study.

Context And Objective:: Peak height velocity (PHV) is an important maturational event during adolescence that affects skeleton size. The objective here was to compare bone variables in adolescents who practiced different types of sports, and to identify whether differences in bone variables attributed to sports practice were dependent on somatic maturation status.

Design And Setting:: Cross-sectional study, São Paulo State University (UNESP).