Multi-dimensional analyses identify genes of high priority for pancreatic cancer research.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a drug resistant and lethal cancer. Identification of the genes that consistently show altered expression across patients' cohorts can expose effective therapeutic targets and strategies. To identify such genes, we separately analyzed five human PDAC microarray datasets.

Altered lipid profile and reduced neuronal support in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived astrocytes from adrenoleukodystrophy patients.

X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) is a peroxisomal disorder resulting from pathogenic variants in the ABCD1 gene that primarily affects the nervous system and is characterized by progressive axonal degeneration in the spinal cord and peripheral nerves and leukodystrophy. Dysfunction of peroxisomal very long-chain fatty acid (VLCFA) degradation has been implicated in ALD pathology, but the impact on astrocytes, which critically support neuronal function, remains poorly understood. Fibroblasts from four ALD patients were reprogrammed to generate human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC).

'Mental heAlth and well-being in rUgby pLayers' (MAUL) study: an online survey of diverse cohorts of rugby union players internationally.

Introduction: Mental health and well-being is a relatively under-researched area in rugby, especially outside the elite men's game. Evidence suggests that physical activity and sports benefit mental health and well-being, and rugby provides health-enhancing moderate-to-vigorous physical activity.

Objective: This cross-sectional study used an online approach and engaged national rugby governing bodies to understand adult rugby players' mental health and well-being and increase the diversity of the current evidence base.

Quantitative MRI Measurements Capture Pancreatic Cancer and Stroma Reactions to New KRAS Inhibitor.

Unlabelled: In pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), KRAS mutations drive both cancer cell growth and formation of a dense stroma. Small molecule KRAS inhibitors (KRASi) represent a breakthrough for PDAC treatment hence clinical tools that can assess early response, detect resistance and/or predict prolonged survival are desirable for management of patients undergoing KRASi therapy. We hypothesized that diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) can detect cell death while dynamic contrast enhanced MRI (DCE) and magnetization transfer ratio (MTR) imaging are sensitive to tumor microenvironment changes, and these metrics shed insights into tumor size (standard care assessment) change induced by KRASi treatment.

Human pancreatic cancer single cell atlas reveals association of CXCL10+ fibroblasts and basal subtype tumor cells.

Purpose: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients with tumors enriched for the basal-like molecular subtype exhibit enhanced resistance to standard of care treatments and have significantly worse overall survival (OS) compared to patients with classical subtype enriched tumors. It is important to develop genomic resources, enabling identification of novel putative targets in a statistically rigorous manner.

Experimental Design: We compiled a single cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) atlas of the human pancreas with 229 patient samples, aggregated from publicly available raw data.

Stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1: a potential therapeutic target for neurological disorders.

Disturbances in the fatty acid lipidome are increasingly recognized as key drivers in the progression of various brain disorders. In this review article, we delve into the impact of Δ9 fatty acid desaturases, with a particular focus on stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1), within the setting of neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, and brain repair. Over the past years, it was established that inhibition or deficiency of SCD1 not only suppresses neuroinflammation but also protects against neurodegeneration in conditions such as multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease.

Head Kinematics Associated with Off-Field Head Injury Assessment (HIA1) Events in a Season of English Elite-Level Club Men's and Women's Rugby Union Matches.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate head kinematic variables in elite men's and women's rugby union and their ability to predict player removal for an off-field (HIA1) head injury assessment.

Methods: Instrumented mouthguard (iMG) data were collected for 250 men and 132 women from 1865 and 807 player-matches, respectively, and synchronised to video-coded match footage. Head peak resultant linear acceleration (PLA), peak resultant angular acceleration (PAA) and peak change in angular velocity (dPAV) were extracted from each head acceleration event (HAE).

An and efficacy evaluation of gene therapy candidate SBT101 in mouse models of adrenomyeloneuropathy and in NHPs.

Adrenomyeloneuropathy is a progressive neurodegenerative disease caused by pathogenic variants in the gene, resulting in very-long-chain fatty acid (VLCFA) accumulation that leads to dying-back axonopathy. Our candidate gene therapy, SBT101 (AAV9-human [h]), aims to ameliorate pathology by delivering functional copies of h to the spinal cord. Transduced cells produce functional ABCD1 protein, thereby repairing the underlying biochemical defect.

Twenty year analysis of professional men's rugby union knee injuries from the English premiership shows high rates and burden.

Objectives: To determine the rates, severity and burden of knee injuries in professional male rugby union from the English Premiership.

Methods: Injury and exposure data were captured over 20 seasons using a prospective cohort design. Knee injury incidence, days' absence and burden were recorded for each injury type and by pitch surface type for match and training.

Training and Match-Related Head Acceleration Events in Top Level Domestic Senior Women's and Men's Rugby Union: A Multi-League Instrumented Mouthguard Study.

The aim of this study was to investigate the difference in head acceleration event (HAE) incidence between training and match-play in women's and men's players competing at the highest level of domestic rugby union globally. Players from Women's (Premiership Women's Rugby, Farah Palmer Cup) and Men's (Premiership Rugby, Currie Cup) rugby union competitions wore instrumented mouthguards during matches and training sessions during the 2022/2023 seasons. Peak linear (PLA) and angular (PAA) acceleration were calculated from each HAE and included within generalized linear mixed-effects models.

The effects of cognitive-motor interference on walking performance in adolescents with low balance.

Background: Children with reduced motor competence (MC) have reported differences in their walking performance when compared to their typically developed peers, albeit, with inconsistent results.

Research Questions: What is the effect of reduced balance on walking performance in adolescent boys and girls under cognitive-motor interference conditions?

Methods: This cross-sectional study assessed motor competence, in adolescents aged 13-14 years, using the Movement Assessment Battery for Children 2nd edition and walking performance from gait parameters derived from an inertial measurement unit placed over the estimated centre of mass. Each participant performed two 10 m straight-line walks at their self-selected speed.

Adrenoleukodystrophy.

X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) is a peroxisomal disorder caused by mutations in the ABCD1 gene and characterized by impaired very long-chain fatty acid beta-oxidation. Clinically, male patients develop adrenal failure and progressive myelopathy in adulthood, although the age of onset and rate of progression are highly variable. In addition, 40% of male patients develop a leukodystrophy (cerebral ALD) before the age of 18 years.

The application of match-event and instrumented mouthguard data to inform match limits: An example using rugby union Premiership and rugby league Super League data from England.

The study aimed to illustrate how contact (from match-event data) and head acceleration event (HAE) (from instrumented mouthguard [iMG]) data can be combined to inform match limits within rugby. Match-event data from one rugby union and rugby league season, including all competitive matches involving players from the English Premiership and Super League, were used. Playing exposure was summarised as full game equivalents (FGE; total minutes played/80).

Lipidomic biomarkers in plasma correlate with disease severity in adrenoleukodystrophy.

Background: X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) is a neurometabolic disorder caused by pathogenic variants in ABCD1 resulting very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFA) accumulation in plasma and tissues. Males can present with various clinical manifestations, including adrenal insufficiency, spinal cord disease, and leukodystrophy. Female patients typically develop spinal cord disease and peripheral neuropathy.

Pain hypersensitivity, sensorimotor impairment, and decreased muscle force in a novel rat model of radiation-induced peripheral neuropathy.

Introduction: Radiation-induced peripheral neuropathy is a rare, but serious complication often resulting in profound morbidity, life-long disability, and chronic debilitating pain. Unfortunately, this type of peripheral neuropathy is usually progressive, and almost always irreversible. To date, a standardized rat model of radiation-induced peripheral neuropathy has not been established.

Clinical and Imaging Features Associated With Fast Infarct Growth During Interhospital Transfers of Patients With Large Vessel Occlusions.

Background And Objectives: Acute ischemic stroke patients with a large vessel occlusion (LVO) who present to a primary stroke center (PSC) often require transfer to a comprehensive stroke center (CSC) for thrombectomy. Not much is known about specific characteristics at the PSC that are associated with infarct growth during transfer. Gaining more insight into these features could aid future trials with cytoprotective agents targeted at slowing infarct growth.

Corrigendum: Motor learning in developmental coordination disorder: behavioral and neuroimaging study.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.

Disentangling the within- and between-person effects of personality on income for men and women.

Understanding the relationship between personality and income is a topic of interest across multiple disciplines. Correlations between people's personalities and their incomes may arise because differences in stable personalities relate to income differences (between-person effects) or because changes in personality or income are later reflected in the other variable (within-person effects). The current research uses random-intercept cross-lagged panel models to disentangle the two sorts of effects to better understand the relationship between the six factors of personality and income.