Systematic review and meta-analysis of the pelvic organ prolapse and vaginal prolapse among the global population.

Background: Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) occurs when one or more pelvic organs (uterus, bowel, bladder or top of the vagina) descend from their normal position and bulge into the vagina. Symptoms include pelvic discomfort, fullness, and changes in bladder or bowel function. Treatment ranges from conservative approaches to surgery, depending on symptom severity.

Cardiogenic shock in patients with active onco-hematological malignancies: A multicenter retrospective study.

Purpose: Onco-hematological (OH) patients face significant cardiovascular risks due to malignancy and drug toxicity. Data are limited on the characteristics and outcomes of OH patients with cardiogenic shock (CS) in intensive care units (ICUs).

Methods: This multicenter retrospective study included 214 OH patients with CS across 22 ICUs (2010-2021).

Peri-operative pain management in adults: a multidisciplinary consensus statement from the Association of Anaesthetists and the British Pain Society.

Background: Nearly half of adult patients undergoing surgery experience moderate or severe postoperative pain. Inadequate pain management hampers postoperative recovery and function and may be associated with adverse outcomes. This multidisciplinary consensus statement provides principles that might aid postoperative recovery, and which should be applied throughout the entire peri-operative pathway by healthcare professionals, institutions and patients.

Pathway-based signatures predict patient outcome, chemotherapy benefit and synthetic lethal dependencies in invasive lobular breast cancer.

Background: Invasive Lobular Carcinoma (ILC) is a morphologically distinct breast cancer subtype that represents up to 15% of all breast cancers. Compared to Invasive Breast Carcinoma of No Special Type (IBC-NST), ILCs exhibit poorer long-term outcome and a unique pattern of metastasis. Despite these differences, the systematic discovery of robust prognostic biomarkers and therapeutically actionable molecular pathways in ILC remains limited.

Pain after combat injury in male UK military personnel deployed to Afghanistan.

Background: Chronic pain after injury poses a serious health burden. As a result of advances in medical technology, ever more military personnel survive severe combat injuries, but long-term pain outcomes are unknown. We aimed to assess rates of pain in a representative sample of UK military personnel with and without combat injuries.

Geographical variation in perceptions, attitudes and barriers to mental health care-seeking across the UK: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: To examine the relative importance of the drivers of mental health care-seeking intention and how these, along with intention itself, are geographically distributed across integrated care systems (ICS) and health boards (HBs) in the UK. Also, to examine the degree of acceptance of virtual modes of care.

Design: Community-based cross-sectional survey.

An audit and analysis of electro convulsive therapy patient information sheets used in local health districts in New South Wales Australia.

Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) is a widely used psychiatric treatment; however, it remains contentious. It is therefore important that people are provided with accurate and balanced information before consenting to ECT. The aim of this study was to audit and analyse the content and language of ECT information sheets used in local health districts (LHDs) across the state of New South Wales Australia.

Incidental Detection of Classical Galactosemia through Newborn Screening for Phenylketonuria: A 10-Year Retrospective Audit to Determine the Efficacy of This Approach.

In the UK, Classical Galactosaemia (CG) is identified incidentally from the Newborn Screening (NBS) for phenylketonuria (PKU) using an "Other disorder suspected" (ODS) pathway when phenylalanine (Phe) and tyrosine (Tyr) concentrations are increased. We aimed to determine the efficacy of CG detection via NBS and estimate the incidence of CG in live births in the UK. A survey was sent to all UK NBS laboratories to collate CG cases diagnosed in the UK from 2010 to 2020.

Strong Born-A First of Its Kind National FASD Prevention Campaign in Australia Led by the National Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisation (NACCHO) in Collaboration with the Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisations (ACCHOs).

The Strong Born Campaign (2022-2025) was launched by the National Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisation (NACCHO) in 2023. Strong Born is the first of its kind national Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health promotion campaign to address Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) within Australia. Strong Born was developed to address a longstanding, significant gap in health promotion and sector knowledge on FASD, a lifelong disability that can result from alcohol use during pregnancy.

Longitudinal profiling identifies co-occurring BRCA1/2 reversions, TP53BP1, RIF1 and PAXIP1 mutations in PARP inhibitor-resistant advanced breast cancer.

Background: Resistance to therapies that target homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) in breast cancer limits their overall effectiveness. Multiple, preclinically validated, mechanisms of resistance have been proposed, but their existence and relative frequency in clinical disease are unclear, as is how to target resistance.

Patients And Methods: Longitudinal mutation and methylation profiling of circulating tumour (ct)DNA was carried out in 47 patients with metastatic BRCA1-, BRCA2- or PALB2-mutant breast cancer treated with HRD-targeted therapy who developed progressive disease-18 patients had primary resistance and 29 exhibited response followed by resistance.

Health care professionals' experiences of pain management in the intensive care unit: a qualitative study.

Despite the existence of evidence-based guidelines for the assessment and management of pain in the critical care setting, the prevalence of acute pain remains high. Inadequate pain management is associated with longer duration of mechanical ventilation, reduced capacity for rehabilitation and long-term psychological sequelae. This study aimed to describe the experiences of pain management from healthcare professionals working in intensive care units.

Two-Step Chemo-Microbial Degradation of Post-Consumer Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) Plastic Enabled by a Biomass-Waste Catalyst.

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) pollution has significant environmental consequences; thus, new degradation methods must be explored to mitigate this problem. We previously demonstrated that a consortium of three and two species can synergistically degrade PET in culture. The consortium more readily consumes bis(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate (BHET), a byproduct created in PET depolymerization, compared to PET, and can fully convert BHET into metabolically usable monomers, namely terephthalic acid (TPA) and ethylene glycol (EG).

How do psychobehavioural variables shed light on heterogeneity in COVID-19 vaccine acceptance? Evidence from United States general population surveys on a probability panel and social media.

Objectives: To (1) understand what behaviours, beliefs, demographics and structural factors predict US adults' intention to get a COVID-19 vaccination, (2) identify segments of the population ('personas') who share similar factors predicting vaccination intention, (3) create a 'typing tool' to predict which persona people belong to and (4) track changes in the distribution of personas over time and across the USA.

Design: Three surveys: two on a probability-based household panel (NORC's AmeriSpeak) and one on Facebook.

Setting: The first two surveys were conducted in January 2021 and March 2021 when the COVID-19 vaccine had just been made available in the USA.

Cross-sectional audit assessing the quality of dried bloodspot specimens received by UK metabolic biochemistry laboratories for the biochemical monitoring of individuals with Phenylketonuria.

Background: Sapropterin has been approved as a treatment option for individuals with Phenylketonuria in the United Kingdom. Individuals are assessed as responsive to Sapropterin by a ≥30% reduction in Phenylalanine (Phe) concentrations using dried blood spot (DBS) specimens. DBS quality is critical for accurate and precise measurement of Phe.

Improving Community Health Worker Compensation: A Case Study From India Using Quantitative Projection Modeling and Incentive Design Principles.

Introduction: Although community health workers (CHWs) are effective at mobilizing important health behaviors, there is limited evidence on how financial incentive systems can best be designed to drive their effectiveness. This study intends to bridge this evidence gap by analyzing the compensation model of India's accredited social health activist (ASHA) program and identifying areas of improvement in the system's design and implementation.

Methods: We analyze the ASHA program in Uttar Pradesh, India.

A Comparison of Self-reported Pain Measures Between Sensory Phenotypes in HIV-associated Sensory Neuropathy.

Painful HIV-associated neuropathy (HIV-SN) is a prevalent co-morbidity of HIV infection. Sensory phenotyping, using quantitative sensory testing (QST) could allow for improved stratification to guide personalized treatment. However, previous methods of QST interpretation have demonstrated limited association with self-reported pain measures.

Limited Benefit from the Addition of Immunotherapy to Chemotherapy in TKI-Refractory EGFR-Mutant Lung Adenocarcinoma.

Background: The benefit of chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy in EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients whose tumor developed resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) is not thoroughly investigated. The goal of this retrospective cohort study is to assess the clinical efficiency of immunotherapy alone or in combination with chemotherapy in a real-world setting.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study enrolled LUAD patients with EGFR sensitive mutations whose tumor had acquired resistance to EGFR TKIs and received systemic treatment with chemotherapy (chemo; = 84), chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy (chemoIO; = 30), chemotherapy plus bevacizumab with or without IO (withBev; = 42), and IO monotherapy (IO-mono; = 22).

Gastric bypass surgery contributing to hyperammonaemic encephalopathy: an under-reported cause of severe nutritional deficiency and significant patient mortality.

Gastric-bypass associated hyperammonaemia (GaBHA) is an under-recognised cause of non-hepatic encephalopathy that is associated with significant mortality and has limited reporting in published literature. GaBHA has been reported predominately in middle-aged females with a past surgical history of Roux-En-Y surgical procedure. Individuals may present at any stage post-surgery and an important minority may have an undiagnosed inherited metabolic disorder.